The steps for the porch are an indispensable design, so their manufacture is worth paying special attention. The main thing is to correctly calculate the height, depth and length of the steps, and then pick up the most high-quality material and begin their repair and arrangement.
Independent wood porch
It is about how to make durable and beautiful steps with your own hands further in the article.
Calculate the appropriate height of the porch
Steps for wood porch
It is not news that the steps may be as much as march and its tilt allows. It is very important to carry out the calculations so that the porch is convenient in operation, and its steps are safe.
To correctly calculate the number of steps, you first need to decide on the height of the porch. To do this, it is enough to measure the distance from the threshold to the surface of the soil and from the result to take 3 cm. This is very important if the doors are made of wood, because from the exposure of moisture, this material can beat a little and deform. And with an overly highly installed area of the porch, the canvas will be cling to it, as a result of which the door will not close.
When the height of the porch is measured, you will need to think about the angle of inclination of the staircase march.
As it says SNIP, the angle of inclination of stairs in a residential building should not exceed 50 o, but the optimal indicator recognized the figure in 22-37O.
When you decide with an inclination angle, it will be possible to calculate the stairs, paying attention to the appropriate width and height of the steps.
Varieties forms for steps of the porch
Steps for the porch
The most popular form of step for the porch is a rectangle, but sometimes, the project and repair of the construction provides for a screw staircase, as a result of which the steps are of the form of a trapezium.
By section, the steps for the porch are:
- Block
On this stairs, the facing hangs over the bottom step, but does not lie on it. A solid seam is used as separation of steps from each other.
- Triangular
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Such steps for the porch are beveled vertically and prevent the slip of the fold of a depth of 3 cm.
- Slab
They have an unlundered riser either in general it is not.
- Corner
Steps have an angular cross-section. Such steps on the porch can be installed both in hanging and in a standing form.
The easiest option is rectangular standing or slab steps.
Making wood steps
Steps for wood porch
Production and repair of steps directly depends on which material is used for this.
On any stairs, the steps have two components:
- Outlet - this is the part for which a man's leg arises;
- The risers are the vertical part.
Before starting repair or making a wooden staircase with her own hands, you need to pick up a high-quality board. As a rule, the thickness of the adoption refers to the width of the march, like 1:20. Thus, if the width of the stairs is 90cm, the board must be 4.5 cm. To make risers, you can use wood a bit thinner, about 2.5 cm.
Output and merits between themselves can be connected in this way:
- Screws using the "Fly" method;
- In the grooves (this will require cut the groove under the end of the risk);
- On corners from galvania.
If a string is used, the mount can be performed:
- for pre-arrival of bars;
- on a long corner of metal;
- In the groove (for this, all edges of the boards are additionally lubricated with adhesive solution).
How to make a march from concrete?
Steps for the porch of concrete with their own hands
To make repair or installation of concrete steps with your own hands, the formwork is required, for which it is worth picking thick bars.
To confuse formwork in this way:
- In the vertical position on each side of the future concrete march there are several wooden boards, but such that their length coincided with the height of the steps. Thus, the closer the board will be located to the wall, the longer it should be.
- Also in the vertical position on these boards nourish transverse bars.
I would like to focus on the fact that it is mandatory to create steps from concrete you need to install reinforcement.
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To make the pouring of concrete with your own hands, the solution is poured by layers of several centimeters with subsequent rambling. To get rid of air bubbles, you can use vibrotech either or ordinary count.
If you want to make semicircular stages of concrete, it will take to pour a solution into plastic formworks or a bent tin formwork.
Create the design of the stairs with your own hands
Steps for a porch of stone
When the repair or construction of the staircase approached the end, in front of the home owners, it will be a question of how to make out street steps to give them a completeness? It is from what building materials you select to arrange a porch, follow-up their safety and practicality will depend.
It is best for steps to use rough, durable and wear-resistant materials. It is even better to use an anti-slip coating on the porch step, so that in wet weather, frost and snow avoid inconvenience and injury.
Category Table to Slip Sustainability is shown below.
| Friction coefficient | Incline | Area of use |
| R-9. | Up to 10 ° | For rooms in which bare feet are moving |
| R-10. | 10-19 | In toilets, garages, warehouses, public institutions |
| R-11. | 20-27 | In refrigeration chambers and laundries |
| R-12 | 28-35O. | On meat processing plants, industrial kitchens |
| R-13 | More than 35O | In the specialized zone of industrial enterprise |
Of course, you should not forget - so this is the fact that the coating should also be aesthetically attractive, but it is not worth neglecting security in favor of the appearance. If you have a maximum responsibility to choose the material, then you can easily compose the beauty and strength together.
How to shepherd stairs?
Wooden steps for the porch
As practice shows, wooden steps are simply stained with two layers of paint, pre-applying primer. But how is it better to paint the wooden march?
It is best for such work to use the compositions that are intended for outdoor design. Such paint is an alkyd frost and moisture resistant enamel.
Do not handle the ladder with varnish, because such a coating a year will start cracking and squeezed. It is more suitable for teak oil, which is neither scary moisture, nor frost. Using such a tool if you decide to repair a few years later, you will only need to apply a re-layer of oil, for which you do not have to delete the base.
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To make a ladder from concrete more attractive, most often used clinker and ceramic plates, as well as natural or artificial stone. The installation is as popular with your own porcelain hand.
Completing the repair of a march of concrete, try not to use a web with a relief pattern, in the deepening of which garbage and dirt will fall. It is better to prefer the use of porcelain stoneware, or put ceramic or clinker tiles - this is the most suitable option, and not too expensive if you do work with your own hands.
When the repair of the porch from concrete is completed, the facing is performed in several steps:
- The porch is installed on a concrete tie, which is pre-reinforced by a chain grid;
- A day later, the screed is grinning and grinding PVA glue, which is divorced by water;
- After half an hour after applying the primer, the ceramic plates begin to lay, starting from the top of the porch.
Please note that the adhesive solution on ceramic, clinker and plastic plates are applied with a thickness of 1 cm, after which the web is tightly pressed to the surface, which is also covered with glue.
After completing all the work after 24 hours, the seams can be pushed.
But, the use of porcelain stoneware and clinker for a concrete porch is not the only way out. Another permissible finish is the wood. To do this, a plywood is attached to the surface of the dowel nails, which glue wooden boards. For more reliability, the boards can additionally be screwed into screws. It looks very attractive and the design of the terraced board.
As you can see, install, repair and facing the steps - the process is not complicated, it can be perfectly done with your own hands, if you adhere to all recommendations. Only adhering to the laid technology, you build a durable, durable, and most importantly - a safe porch at your home.