Yawancin makarantu suna ba da takamaiman ayyukan bazara akan ilmin halitta. Ofaya daga cikin mafi yawan gama gari shine tattara samfurori na duniyar duniyar. Don ƙirƙirar herbarium daga ganyayyaki tare da hannuwanku, dole ne ku yi ƙoƙari sosai. Bayan duk, ya zama dole don zaɓi tsire-tsire daidai, bushe su da kyau tsara a cikin wani kundi na musamman. Smallaramin aji mai ƙwarewa akan yin tarin tarin ganye zai taimake ka tallan matasa a cikin ayyukansa. Daga kayan labarin za ku koyi dokokin dokokino kuma zaku iya shirya kundin kundin Botanical. Bugu da kari, zamu fada game da wani madadin hanyar samar da tarin ciyawar.
Ayyukan kimiyya sun ba mutumin zamani ya ba da mutumin zamani don samun ra'ayin tsire-tsire masu wuya. Da yawa jinsuna sun shuɗe kullun, da sababbi suna zuwa maye su. Don kiyaye ilimin wakilai na mutum, akwai wata hanyar tsara su ta hanyar wani littafi tare da rikodin game da wurin tarin da yanayin yanayin samfurin.
Menene herridtium
Sunan herbarium ya fito ne daga kalmar Latin Herba - "ciyawa". Yana wakiltar tarin bushewar tsire-tsire da aka jera a cikin wani tsari na musamman. Italiyanci Botanist Luca Gin ya zama mutum na farko da ke tattara herardium ta amfani da takarda. Wannan kayan yana da hygroscopic kuma yana ba da damar na dogon lokaci don adana kayan da aka tattara.
A zamanin yau, kimanin kimanin kimanin kimanin 10,000 na Botany suna cikin tattarawa da zane na Heraris, jagoran aiki a cikin kasashe 168. Manyan tarin tsire-tsire suna cikin cibiyoyin kimiyya, Faransa, Russia, Switzerland. Haka kuma, dabarun zamani suna ba ka damar adana bayanan ba wai kawai ta hanyar wata hanya ba - a yanzu akwai da ake kira ta dijital. Suna bincika hotunan zanen gado tare da cikakken bayanin samfurin. Idan zaku iya ganin manyan tarin, kawai ta hanyar ziyartar gidan kayan gargajiya ko cibiyar kimiyya, sannan ana samun bayanan kayan lantarki akan layi.
Mataki na a kan Topic: Orangutang Crochechet tare da bayanin da makirci: aji na Jagora tare da bidiyo
Tattara herarium a rukunin gida ga kowa da kowa, domin saboda waɗannan dalilai akwai takarda na musamman, manne don bushewa samfurori, folda filaye don ajiya. Amma don ƙirƙirar tarin, ba lallai ba ne don amfani da waɗannan kayan ko kaɗan, ya isa ya nuna wasu rashin gaskiya kuma a sanya abin da ake ɗauka a hannu. Kuna iya ganin ra'ayoyi kan ƙira:
Yadda Ake tattara kayan
Haɗin gwiwa tare da jaririn bayan samfuran a cikin gandun daji ko wurin shakatawa zai kawo fa'ida da yawa da jin daɗi. Bayan duk wannan, wannan shine damar samun damar dumama, numfashi mai cike da iska mai kyau kuma ya sake sanya kaya na ilimi game da wakilan duniyar da take duniya.
A matsayin tarin samfurori na herbarium, dole ne ka bi ka'idodi masu zuwa:
- Tarin kayan da ake aiwatarwa na musamman a cikin yanayin bushe;
- Zai fi kyau tattara samfurori kusa da tsakar rana, lokacin da aka riga aka cire ta safiya;
- Ana cire tsire-tsire daga ƙasa gaba daya sabõda haka dukkan sassan jikinsa ana iya kimanta;
- Ga manyan kofe (bishiyoyi, shuki), an zaɓi yawancin sassan mafi kyawun abubuwan da zasu taimaka wajen gano samfurin;
- A lokacin da tattara tarin giwa, lallai ne a yanka a cikin wuyan wuka na tserewa don haka ana iya ganin nau'in faranti;
- An tattara kayan kawai a cikin rashin cututtuka da kwari, alama alama ta lalacewa;
- Tabbatar shirya littafin rubutu da makama kafin tafiya, saboda ba samfuran ba kawai suna da mahimmanci ga herarium, amma kuma kwatancin su;
- Ga kowane samfurin, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar yanayi da yawa. Idan tarin yana da daɗi, zaku iya tattara daban daban daga wata itaciya a siffar da kuma lalata farantin.
Kuna iya ƙirƙirar tarin tsirrai biyu ba da daɗewa ba kuma da gangan ta hanyar zaɓin wani ɓangare daban, misali, tsire-tsire masu magani, da wuraren da take da gidajen furanni, da sauransu.
Ganuwa bushewa
Hanya mafi sauki ga bushewa a cikin VIVO tana ɗauka bushewa tsakanin shafukan littafin. Idan foliage ba rigar kuma ma yayi m, wannan zabin ya dace daidai.
Domin kada ku lalata da Edition Credly Edition, pre-hanya tsakanin zanen gado da samfurin takarda.
Abubuwan da aka tattara samfuran suna kan bushewa a cikin Layer ɗaya. Suna ventilated kowace rana da kuma canja wurin zuwa wasu takaddun littafin don guje wa m. Littafin daga sama za'a iya matse shi da labarai saboda samfuran ba sa haske. Bayan kwanaki 5-10, zaka iya fara ƙirƙirar tarin.
Mataki na kan batun: Me kuke buƙatar sani kafin a manne da hoton hoto?
Hanyar bushewa ta gama gari ta ƙunshi amfani da baƙin ƙarfe. An sanya samfurori da aka tattara a tsakanin zanen gado biyu na takarda da bugun jini a yanayin zazzabi na matsakaici. Kuna buƙatar shiri don gaskiyar cewa faɗar mai iska (bushewar bushe) zai rasa launi na halitta.
Tsarin Kundin album
Don shirya herbarium zuwa makaranta, zaku iya amfani da kundi na yau da kullun don darussan zane, amma ba takarda mai yawa ba ne bayan gluppet. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a tattara zanen heraric daban. Don zanen su, ɗauka:
- Tsararren fararen kwali (yawan zanen gado daidai yake da yawan bushe tsirrai);
- zanen gado;
- Tube daga kayan kwalliyar kwali na kayan kwalliya 4 ta 12 cm;
- wayoyi masu yawa;
- PVA Manne, almakashi, zaren, rami punch.
Cire ganyen da aka tattara a hankali cire daga wurin ajiya. Azilaye Lamella zuwa takardar wuri ta amfani da manne.
Cardard yana ɗaukar manne kuma tsaya a kanta zanen gado tare da bushe ganye.
Don adana samfurin da kare shi daga turzuwa, yi amfani da wani mulufi, a yanka zuwa sassa 2 ko na bakin ciki. Wurin kariya a cikin takardar, yana tafiyar kitawar kwali da kuma gudanar da zanen tare da rami. Kulle kowane takarda mai dorewa.
Ga kowane samfuri, manne alamar a kasan shafin da ke nuna wuri da lokacin tattarawa, sunaye, halaye na shuka. Bayan haka, zanen gado suna buƙatar saitawa tare kuma a haɗa murfin. A wannan yanayin, hotuna da aka yi a cikin tarin kuma bi da a cikin edita na hoto a cikin hanyar da aka yi amfani da su.
Kuna iya amfani da babban fayil ɗin da aka saba, saka zanen gado a ciki.
Baƙon abu
Wani lokacin aiki mai ban sha'awa don shirye-shiryen tarin tsire-tsire shine fara ba wa yara da yawa. Domin jariri ya yi sha'awar la'akari da herardium ga makarantu, muna ba da shawarar ku shirya shi a cikin dabara mai ban sha'awa - barci.
Za'a iya yin zanen gado a kan gishirin gishiri, filastar. A magana da farko, da kullu an haɗe shi akan ainihin girke-girke: Haɗa gishiri gishiri da gari daidai gwargwado, a ɗaure ruwan har sai an sami ruwa har sai an sami ruwa har sai an sami ruwa har sai an sami ruwa har sai an sami ruwa har sai an sami ruwa har zuwa lokacin filastik.
Mataki na a kan batun: Tsarin Corchet na coats: makirci tare da bayanin da bidiyo
Mirgine kananan medallions daga kullu. Sanya ganyayyaki a cikinsu tare da mirgine fil tare da jijiyoyin. Tura bushewar bushewa, bayan wanda ka cire ganye da kuma launin Ottis farfajiya.
Na biyu sigar simintin an yi shi ne da filastar. Wannan dabarar ba ta da rikitarwa ce, amma sakamakon zai zama kyakkyawa kuma mai dorewa. Don yin shi, kuna buƙatar:
- jakar filastik;
- Farantin filastik;
- Filastik (zaku iya tsufa);
- Gypsum, ruwa;
- da aka tattara ganye;
- Zane.
Tsarin yana da sauqi, umurnin hoto zai ba ka damar ganin ya ga shi daki-daki.
Lura cewa ya kamata a kusance ku.
Cika kuma bar har sai kammala bushewa.
Muna fitar da filastik.
Yajin aiki, rufe tare da varnish.
Irin wannan kwamitin zai dauki matsayi mai cancanta a ciki kuma zai zama alfahari da ɗan yaro.
Bidiyo a kan batun
Muna gayyatarku don ganin zaɓi na bidiyo daga abin da kuka koya yadda ake yin heryarum tare da hannuwanku.