Zanen tire: Class na Master a cikin matakai da hotuna da bidiyo akan fasaha

Masters da sana'a wanda ƙauna ba kawai yin wani abu da nasu hannayensu ba, har ma da shayi da kyau shayi, yana da daraja ƙoƙarin yin zanen trays. Jagora na jam'iyyar yana ba da zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don zane-zane, kuma yana magana game da manyan matakan ƙirƙirar zane mai kyau a kan tire. Fentin trays na iya zama mai kyau ado a cikin dafa abinci da kan tebur na cin abinci. Ba dole ba ne a zana shi a cikin salon gargajiya. Hanyar za ta iya yin ado da zanen marubucin, wanda ubangijin zai sanya "haske" da hangen nesa.

Mafi sau da yawa, ana yin zanen ne a kan tarkace na karfe ko siffofin rectangular da za a iya siye a cikin shagunan kasuwanci. Amma zaka iya amfani da trays kuma daga wasu kayan, alal misali, daga itace. Hakanan a cikin fasa zaka iya daidaita tsohon tire ko takardar yin burodi.

Da yawa fasaha

Nau'in zanen ya dogara da ƙasa. A cikin kowane birni da kuma a cikin kowane lardin Jagora da kuma artisans sun fentin jita-jita da sauran kayan amfani da wasiƙar nasa na rubutu. Abubuwan lura da fasali a launuka da siffofin, zaku iya maimaita Masters zanen gargajiya.

Idan muka yi magana game da trays, to, wataƙila, farkon, na farko ya zo da sha'awar Zhostovskaya zanen zane daga ƙauyen Zhostov, wanda ke cikin yankin Moscow. FAME Zhostovsky trays ya samu a cikin karni na XIX, yayin da 'yan kasuwa, kuma ku sani, da kuma' yan hankali na Rasha sun fara sha shayi. Trays tare da lush petals da ganye a kan wani baki daya ya zama ado da yawa gidaje da aka shirya. A bisa ga al'ada, ana amfani da zanen ga zanen mai zuwa tin.

Khostovsky masters mallakar urran ne mallakar da suka fara fenti da karfe trays a cikin karni na XVIII. An san zanen nizhny tagil nesa da bayan Rasha kuma an ɗauke shi ambaton Zhostovskaya. Moral Masters ba kawai fentin trays, amma kuma ya girgiza su, yana ba da nau'i daban-daban. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, truss, berries, ganye) da wuraren gida, da kuma misalai ga almara da tatsuniyoyi.

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Zanen Moscow sun bayyana a farkon karni na XIX. Yana da matukar muhimmanci daga saba, zanen zanen gargajiya. An san shi da babban palet na zane-zane, ƙirƙirar inuwa mai taushi, sauyawa da raguwa. Masters nuna furanni, ganye, tsuntsaye da kuma shimfidar wurare.

Murmushi mai kyau da kyan gani, wanda har ma ya sani, ana kiransa Khokhloma. Yaushe da inda wannan zanen "a ƙarƙashin Gil", masana tarihi ba za su iya kira zuwa yanzu ba. An ɗauka cewa mahaifarta ita ce yankin novgorod na Nizhgorod, wato birnin Semenov, wanda a karni na XVII shine mazaunan masu bi. Wataƙila, maganar tsokaci ne daga wannan ƙauyen wanda ya zama Masters na farko na Khokhloma.

Khokhloma yana jan hankalin da haske da kuma a shafi shi. Don zanen, zinari ana amfani da su, baƙi, ja da launuka masu launin rawaya, kowane ɗayan zai iya zama babban, asalinsa. Hakanan wani lokaci ana amfani da shi kore fenti don hoton ganye.

Je zuwa darasi

An yi zanen zanen tin a yawanci ta hanyar mai ko mai zane-zane. Masters na Zhostovsky fenti suna amfani da mai son mai tare da flax mai da turbidar don aikinsu.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da lau acrylic, amma cewa tire na kyalkyali ba a cikin, zanen ya kammala da kammalawa tare da m years.

Baya ga fenti, zaku kuma buƙaci kayan da kayan aiki:

• Karfe ko karfe na itace;
• goge goge na halitta daban-daban masu girma dabam (fadi, lebur, bakin ciki);
• Jar tare da fenti na zinare (gilding);
• varnish;
• mai hankali;
• ruwa don daskararru saman;
• Sandpaper da na share fage ga katako na katako;
• Rags.

Yi la'akari a hankali yadda zaku iya zana tire:

1. Shiri. Idan wani tin tin, dole ne a gurfanar da shi daga ƙazantar da tsatsa, shafa ruwa. Idan tire ne na katako, to dole ne a yashi don yashi don kawar da rashin daidaituwa da m, kuma rufe farkon.

Bory Tray ya zama dole don fenti babban fenti mai kyau (alal misali, baki), wanda zai taka rawar da baya. Launin bango na iya dogaro da nau'in zanen, kazalika daga ra'ayoyin marubucin.

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1. Zana zane. Ana iya yin wannan ta hanyoyi biyu: don amfani da abubuwan da manyan cikakkun bayanai game da zane ko sanya abin da ake kira taka tsantsan.

Za'a iya amfani da zane ta samfuri ko ta hannu ta amfani da fensir. Koyaya, idan a kan layin tire na katako zai zama a bayyane, to, a kan wani tin baƙar fata za a tattake ta. Abin da ya sa ya fi kyau a fara aiki lokaci ɗaya tare da zane-zane. Idan babu wani tabbaci a zane, to don fara shi wajibi ne a yi aiki a kan takarda gaci.

Ana amfani da dabarun Zamilevka don zanen Masters na Zhostovsky. Ya ƙunshi zane mai amfani kai tsaye zuwa ga tire ba tare da zane mai farko ba. A zahiri, wannan zane ne: Alamar buroshi misali siffofin da samun duk manyan bayanai - launuka da ganye. Zamilevka, a matsayin mai mulkin, an yi shi ta hanyar zane mai haske (Bellil) don haka zaka iya ba da kayan da ake buƙata da jikewa.

Don tsara canjin inuwa, ya zama dole don amfani da fenti biyu tabarau (haske da duhu) mai fadi. Ta wannan hanyar, zaku iya fenti na tire a cikin salon Zhostovsky, kamar kyawawan poppies masu ban sha'awa, kamar yadda a cikin hotunan da ke ƙasa.

1. Jawo ƙananan sassa da inuwa ko gareage. Don yin wannan, yana da kyau a yi amfani da baka ba fuska da goge bakin ciki. Zane yana dogara da salon da aka zaɓa kuma ana iya yin shi da zane mai duhu ko, akasin haka, Haske. Zhostovsky furanni "haske", wato, fenti fenti da launin shuɗi mai fadi. A cikin zanen Moscow, ana samun inuwa mai zurfi da kananan layin kuma ana jawo bayanai da bayanai. Digiri na zane ya dogara da "zurfin" da kuma bayyanar da tire.

Hakanan, idan ya cancanta, sanya kayan ado na dabara a gefen tire. Mafi yawan lokuta ana sanya shi zinariya ko farin fenti.

1. Zanen bushewa. Yawanci, an bar samfurin a cikin wuri mai sanyi na sa'o'i 24. Zai fi kyau a bushe ta hanyar halitta ba tare da amfani da bushewa da sauran hanyoyi ba.

1. LCCURate. Wani tire a cikin yadudduka da yawa sun bambanta. Na farko, zai taimaka wajen matakin zanen kuma ya ba shi haske, abu na biyu, varnish zai kare fenti daga tsufa da kuma bayyanar da injiniya.

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Ana iya rufe zanen a saman katako tare da crockel varish don ba su sakamakon tsufa da ta'aziyya, kamar yadda a cikin hoto a ƙasa:

Dogaro da salon zane mai narkewa, zaku iya samun kyawawan fata da asali waɗanda zasu sami kwanciyar hankali a cikin kowane bikin shayi.

Bidiyo a kan batun

Ana karanta ƙarin bayani game da zanen trays a cikin bidiyon da ke ƙasa.