Abin da zurfi ya kamata tushe

Zurfin tushe ƙimar ƙimar cuta ne wanda ya dogara da nau'in ginin ko tsarin yanayi, yanki na damuna, ƙasa a shafin da kuma matakin ruwan. Wannan girman wannan kuma yana shafar ƙirar ginin (tare da ko ba tare da ginshiki ba), ka'idodin amfaninta (tare da ko ba tare da dumama ba), benaye da nauyi.

Idan muka ce hakan, wannan shine darajar da zata buƙaci binne harsashin don tabbatar da ingantacciyar goyon baya ga aikin. Su nau'i ne biyu:

• zurfin ƙasa;
• Karamin abin da aka makala ko rashin sani.

  

  Nau'in bel ɗin bel a cikin zurfin na busa

A cewar ka'idoji don tsayayya da sojojin sanyi, dole ne a girgiza tafin karfe 15-20 cm kasa da matakin 'ya'yan itace na kasar gona. Lokacin da wannan yanayin ya cika, Gidauniyar ana kiranta "zurfin ƙasa" ko "mai haske".

Tare da zurfin daskarewa, fiye da mita 2 suna aiwatar da kundin duniya suna da manyan kundin ƙasa, yawan kayan kuma suna da girma kuma farashin yana da girma. A wannan yanayin, wasu nau'ikan tushe ana ɗaukarsu - tari ko tari da katako, da yiwuwar wucewa sama da daskarewa. Amma wannan mai yiwuwa ne kawai a cikin ƙasa tare da ƙarfin hali na al'ada, m innulation na gindi da harsashin, kazalika da na'urar mai laushi. A wannan yanayin, zurfin na uffeded ya ragu a wasu lokuta kuma yawanci ƙasa da mita.

Wasu lokuta ana zubar da tushe mai kyau a farfajiya. Wannan wani zaɓi ne don kula da gida, kuma mafi kusantar itace. Kawai ta cikin irin waɗannan yanayi na iya rama don fitowar da ke fitowa.

Bincike na farko

Kafin tsarawa a gida, dole ne ka yanke hukunci wane wuri shafin da kake son sanya gida. Idan binciken Gexolat ya riga ya kasance, la'akari da sakamakonsu: Don haka karancin matsaloli tare da tushe, yana da ƙarancin farashi, inda ruwan 'ya kasance mai ƙarancin ƙasa.

Da farko dai, dole ne ka yanke shawara kan shafin a gida

Na gaba, zaɓaɓɓen wurin da aka zaɓa ne da aka yi nazarin halittu na ƙasa. A saboda wannan, shurts suna bushe zuwa zurfin mita 10 zuwa 40: Ya danganta da tsarin samuwar da kuma shingen ginin. Rijiyar da ke yin akalla biyar: a cikin wadanda aka sanya kusurwa kuma a tsakiya an shirya.

Matsakaicin farashin irin wannan binciken kusan $ 1000 ne. Idan aikin an shirya manyan-sikeli, adadin ba zai shafi kasafin kudin ba (matsakaita na gidan shine dala 80-100,000), kuma ya ceci kansu da yawa matsaloli. Don haka a wannan yanayin, ba da umarnin bincike daga kwararru. Idan kanaso ka kafa karamin gini - karamin gida, gida, wanka, wani filin wasa ko filin wasa tare da mangalom, to yana yiwuwa a yi bincike akan kanka.

Muna bincika tancin teri tare da hannuwanku

Don bincika tsarin yanayin ƙasa, suna dauke da makamai tare da shebur. A cikin dukkan maki biyar - a kusurwar ginin na gaba da kuma a tsakiyar - dole ne ya haƙa rami mai zurfi. Girman: mita akan mita, zurfin - aƙalla 2.5 m. Bangon yin santsi (aƙalla dangi). Na haƙa ramin na, muna ɗaukar wata hanya da takarda, auna ta rubuta yadudduka.

Binciki ƙasa a ƙarƙashin harshen harshen kai, kuna buƙatar tono kamar shorths zuwa zurfin kusan mita 2.5.

Abin da za a iya gani a cikin mahallin:

• Daga sama akwai mafi duhu Layer - m. Kauri daga 10 cm zuwa mita 1.5, wani lokacin more. Dole ne a cire wannan laka. Da farko, ya kasance sako-sako, na biyu, akwai dabbobi daban-daban / kwari / ƙwayoyin cuta / fungi. Saboda haka, nan da nan bayan jakar Gidauniyar farko, an cire wannan Layer.
• A ƙasa itace ƙasa na halitta. Don haka ya kasance "sarrafa" dabbobi da microtorganisms. Zai yiwu irin ƙasa;
  • M yashi (babba, matsakaici, tare da tsakuwa). Kyakkyawan Gidaje don gina gida: kuma ruwan yana tafiya da sauri kuma tushe abin dogara ne. A kan irin wannan ƙasa, zaku iya sanya gida akan wani tushe-kiwo (zurfin cikin exging daga 50 cm).
  • Sands Jands (ƙanana da ƙura). Idan ruwa karkashin kasa yake da zurfi located, yana yiwuwa. Amma waɗannan ƙasa suna da haɗari a cikin cewa suna iyo lokacin da cike da ruwa.
  • Yumɓu, loam, miya. Mun nuna hali kamar sanduna: lokacin da aka yi amfani da su yana iyo idan akwai 'yan ruwa, amma ɗaukar ikon da suke ɗauka yana da yawa. Anan har yanzu kuna buƙatar duba adadin hazo na write.
  • Peatlands. Mafi yawan tushe. Zasu iya zama bisa amfani da tushe na shafi na shafi. Kuma a sa'an nan, idan ba sosai a cikin Layer na ƙasa tare da kyakkyawan ɗaukar nauyi ba.

    

    Wajibi ne a tantance irin nau'in ƙasa a kowane Layer

Sau da yawa matsaloli suna faruwa yayin ƙoƙarin rarrabe clairing ƙasa ƙasa. Wasu lokuta ya isa ya dube su: Idan yashi ya yi nasara kuma akwai yumɓun yumɓu - a gabanka. Idan yumɓu yaki, amma akwai yashi - voam. Da kyau, yumbu baya dauke da wani masanin, yana da wuya.

Akwai wata hanyar da zata taimaka maka ka tabbatar da yadda ka yanke shawarar ƙasa. Don yin wannan, rolls mirgine daga danshi ƙasa (tsakanin dabino, kamar yadda sau ɗaya a cikin kindergarten) kuma tanƙwara shi zuwa cikin Bagel. Idan komai ya rushe - wannan ƙarancin filastik filastik, idan ta faɗi cikin guda - lamila filastik, idan an bar duka.

Yankeawa da abin da kasa da kake a yankin da aka zaɓa, zaku iya fara zabar irin Gidauniyar.

Zurfin tushe ya dogara da matakin ruwan karkashin kasa

Dukkanin kayan aikin ƙirar an bayyana su a cikin Snip 2.02.01-83 *. Gabaɗaya, komai na iya raguwa ga shawarwari masu zuwa:

• A lokacin da shirin a kan dutsen, manya manya da matsakaici, kabari, babba-graft tare da yandy da aka tara, zurfin tushe daga matakin matakin ƙasa ba ya dogara.
• Idan a karkashin ginin ginin ƙasa ne ko yashi na ruwa mai ƙura, to, a matakin ƙasa mai daskarewa wanda ke ƙasa da matakin daskarewa, zurfin zai iya zama kowane. Idan ruwan ya sama da wannan alama, ya zama dole a sanya tushe a ƙasa da daskarewa.
• Idan yumbu, loam, kasa-ƙasa ƙasa tare da ƙura ko yumbu filler suna ƙarƙashin tafin, to tushe ya zama ƙasa da matakin daskarewa (ba zai dogara da matakin ruwan daskarewa ba (ba ya dogara da matakin ruwan daskarewa (ba ya dogara da matakin ruwan daskarewa (ba ya dogara da matakin ruwan daskarewa ba.

  

  Tebur tare da zurfin kafuwar, ya danganta da nau'in ƙasa da matakin ruwa mai zurfi (don ƙara girman girman hoton, danna-dama kan shi)

Kamar yadda kake gani, m an tabbatar da harsashin ginin gida harsashin da aka tabbatar da kasancewar ruwan kasa da kuma yawan kasa a yankin ana sanya su. Yana da daskararren sanyi wanda ke haifar da matsaloli tare da tushe (ko canza matakin ruwan karkashin kasa).

Zurfin daskarewa na ƙasa

Domin wajen tantance matakin da aka allura a yankin ku, ya isa ya kalli taswirar da ke ƙasa.

A kan wannan taswirar, zaku iya sanin matakin ƙasa na daskarewa a cikin yankin (don ƙara girman girman hoton, danna shi maɓallin linzamin kwamfuta na dama)

Amma waɗannan da aka tsara suna da tushe, don haka yana yiwuwa a tantance darajar don takamaiman matsayi tare da babban kuskure. Ga masu binciken ra'ayi, muna ba da hanyar yin lissafin zurfin ƙasa a kowace ƙasa. Kuna buƙatar sanin kawai matsakaiciyar yanayin zafi na hunturu na hunturu (waɗanda a cikin wane matsakaiciyar yanayin yanayin kowane wata ke da ƙimar mara kyau). Kuna iya ƙidaya kanku, tsari da ƙididdigar ƙididdiga a ƙasa.

Dabara don kirga zurfin daskarewa

DFN - Zurfin Zurfin Wannan Yankin,

Yi - ingantacciyar yin la'akari da nau'ikan ƙasa:

• Don manyan-kasa kasa, 0.34;
• Na sands tare da kyakkyawan jigilar kaya na 0.3;
• Don BULK Sands 0.28;
• Domin yumɓu da loam, 0.23;

MT - Adadin matsakaiciyar yanayin zafi na kowane wata don hunturu a yankin ku. Nemi sabis na lissafi na ilimin kimiya bisa ga yankin ku. Zaɓi wata daya inda matsakaicin yawan zafin wata yana ƙasa da sifili, ninka su, nemo tushen murabba'in (akwai aiki akan kowane kalkuleta). An maye gurbin sakamakon a cikin dabara.

misali Zamu gina kan yumbu. Matsakaici yanayin hunturu a cikin yankin: -2 ° C, -12 ° C, -15 ° C, -15 ° C, -10C, -4 ° C.

Lissafin na ƙasa zai zama kamar haka:

1. MT = 2 + 12 + 15 + 10 + 4 = 43, mun sami tushen murabba'in 43, 6.6;
2. DFN = 0.23 * 6.6 = 1.52 m.

An karɓi cewa zurfin daskarewa gwargwadon sigogin ƙayyadaddun: 1.52 m. Ba duka ba ne, don yin la'akari da ko za a kiyaye ko za a kiyaye shi, abin da za a kiyaye yanayin.

Idan ginin ba shi da tabbas (wanka, gida, aikin zai tafi tsawon shekaru 1.1, wanda zai kirkiro wata hanyar aminci. A wannan yanayin, zurfin wani tushe na 1.52 m * 1,1 = 1.7 m.

Idan ginin yana mai zafi, ƙasa za ta sami wani yanki na zafinsa kuma zai daskare ƙasa. Saboda haka, a gaban dumama, rage yawan coods. Ana iya ɗauka daga tebur.

Da coeptopts wanda ke yin la'akari da kasancewar dumama a cikin ginin. Ya juya fiye da mai zafi a cikin gidan, zuwa ƙaramin zurfin da kuke buƙatar sauya harsashin ginin (don ƙara girman hoto, danna shi madaidaicin linzamin kwamfuta na dama)

Don haka, idan za a kiyaye zafin jiki a koyaushe a sama + 20 ° C, dafaffun kafar za a iya kiyaye su koyaushe, an riga an kashe shi fiye da zurfafa ta 1.52 m .

A cikin alluna da katunan an ba da matsakaicin matakin sama da shekaru 10 da suka gabata. Gabaɗaya, tabbas, a cikin lissafin yana da daraja ta amfani da bayanai don sanyi lokacin sanyi, wanda ya wuce shekaru 10 da suka gabata. Bambancin sanyi da winkers winkers suna da kusan tare da irin wannan mitar. Kuma lokacin yin lissafin yana da kyawawa don mayar da hankali a kansu. Bayan haka, zaku kwantar da hankali kaɗan, idan muka kayar da shekaru tara, a ranar 10 na ginin da zai ba da crack saboda ruwan sanyi.

Abin da zurfi ya tono tushe

Dauke da waɗannan lambobin da sakamakon binciken shafin, kuna buƙatar zaɓar yawancin zaɓuɓɓuka don tushe. Mafi mashahuri shi ne kintinkiri da columen ko tari. Yawancin masana suna hadammanci cewa tare da karfin jigilar kayayyaki na al'ada na ƙasa, kawai kawai cm a ƙasa da zurfin magudanar ruwa. Yadda ake lissafta shi, mun fada a sama.

Zurfin kafuwar shine matakin da ya zama dole a zurfafa kafuwar

A wannan yanayin, la'akari da shawarwarin da ke gaba:

• Dogaro da teburin ya zama ƙasa da kyakkyawan ƙarfin.
• Ya kamata a nutsar da kafuwar tare da wani yanki a kalla 10-15 cm.
• Yana da kyawawa cewa ruwan ƙasa yana ƙasa. In ba haka ba, ya zama dole don ɗaukar matakan don sanya ruwa ko rage girman su, kuma wannan yana buƙatar manyan kuɗi.
• Idan ƙasa mai ɗaukar nauyi ya yi zurfi sosai, yana da mahimmanci la'akari da sigar ƙasar ta TILE.

Ta hanyar zaɓar nau'ikan tushe ta bayyana zurfin ta bayyana zurfin abubuwan da aka yi musu, kimanin lissafin darajar kowannensu ya gudana. Zaɓi wanda zai zama mafi tattalin arziƙi.

Ka lura cewa don rage zurfin kafuwar, zaku iya amfani da karin kumallo mai fashewa. A lokacin gina kintinkiri na karamin abin da aka saka wa abin da ya faru ya zama wajibi.

Ginin Finading

Wani lokacin tushen zurfin ƙasa yana da tsada sosai. Sannan muna la'akari da tari (sumino-da katako) ko tushe na ƙananan ebedding (Frightly Brewed). Ana kuma kiranta "iyo". Kind guda biyu kawai suna da farantin monolithic da kintinkiri.

Gidauniyar Slab an dauki mafi yawan abin dogara da sauƙi wanda ake iya faɗi. Yana da irin wannan ƙira wanda zai iya samun mummunar lalacewa kawai tare da babban gurbata lokacin da ƙira. Koyaya, ana iya lalacewa.

Koyaya, masu haɓaka tushe tushe ba su so: an ɗauka tsada. Yana ɗaukar abu mai yawa (galibi kayan aiki) da lokaci (akan dabbar ta hanyar canjin guda ɗaya). Amma wani lokacin wani tushe mai sauki fiye da kintinkiri mai zurfin ƙasa ko ma tari. Don haka kada ku sauke shi nan da nan daga asusun. Yana da kyau sosai idan kuna son gina shinge mai nauyi akan bunny ko ƙasa-ƙasa.

Tushen karamin abin da aka makala

Kyakkyawan tef na asali na iya samun zurfin zurfin 60 cm. Koyaya, ya kamata ya danganta da ƙasa tare da ƙarfin hali na ƙwararru. Idan zurfin daga cikin m layer ya fi girma, to zurfin na kafaffun jaka ya kara.

Tare da gunkin kintinkiri na wulakanci na wulakanci a karkashin shinge na haske, komai abu ne mai sauki: suna aiki da kyau. Haɗin tare da shigar log ɗin ko mashaya yana da tattalin arziki kuma a lokaci guda amintaccen zaɓi. Idan ribbons ke gudana, da na roba itace daidai yake cakuda da su. Hakanan kuma tsarin gida yana jin da kyau a kan wannan.

Da kyau a hankali buƙatar yin lissafi idan a kan wani yanki mai kiwo na bel bel bel ɗin an tattara ta baya daga shingen ginin haske (da kuma kankare, kumfa). Ba su amsa hanya mafi kyau don canja geometry ba. Anan muna buƙatar tattaunawa da gogewa kuma, dole, ƙwararren masani tare da ƙwarewa mai yawa.

Tsarin Gidauniyar Slab

Amma a ƙarƙashin gidan da ya yi nauyi, ƙaramin ɓoyayyen kafa ba shi da amfani. Don watsa duk nauyin, yana buƙatar yin yadu sosai. A wannan yanayin, mafi m, da slab zai zama mai rahusa.

Yadda karancin mutane ke aiki

Ana amfani da wannan nau'in lokacin da ya yi tsada sosai don yin gwagwarmaya don ikon kuma baya yin ma'ana. Game da tushen kananan kunya tare da su kuma kada kuyi gwagwarmaya. Ana iya faɗi, watsi. Suna kawai sanya tushe da gidan ya tashi tare da ƙasa mai ɗumi. Sabili da haka, ana kiransu "iyo" iyo.

Duk abin da ya wajaba shine samar da madaidaicin matsayi da mahaɗan haɗi na kowane ɓangarorin tushe da abubuwan da ke cikin gidan. Kuma wannan kuna buƙatar ƙididdigar da ya dace.

Mataki na kan batun: yadda ake yin cornice don labulen tare da hannayensu daga budurwa?