Ofaya daga cikin manyan matsalolin kowane yanki na ƙasa shine ovesuply na danshi a cikin ƙasa. A sakamakon haka, irin wannan matakai na mara kyau kamar tsutsa na ruwa a kan mãkirci, blur na kasar gona da, blur na kasar gona da bishiyoyi, mai lalata tushen tushen gine-gine. Kuna iya jimre wa sabanin danshi na danshi, da sanye da magudanar ruwa a rukunin tare da hannuwanku. Ga dukkan ka'idodi, matakan magungunan magudanar da aka gina yawancin matsalolin da ke da alaƙa da sake sauya danshi na ƙasa.
Magudanar ruwa da aikace-aikace
Za'a iya ƙirƙirar tsarin magudanar ruwa ta kowane shiri. Ya ƙunshi wuraren da ke kan yankin bututun ko tashoshi, rijiyoyin abubuwa da abubuwan kariya. Irin wannan tsarin don tattara infilated da danshi kasar gona an yi niyya ne, da kuma don jagorantar wani wuri ko sama da shafin.Na'urar magudanar ruwa a kan makirci wajibi ne a cikin wadannan lamari:
- Plugging site. Ruwan ya isa saman ƙasa ba ya da lokaci don samun ɗaukar ciki a cikin ƙasa, yana haifar da puddles, da ƙasa da kanta ta rasa tsarin turi. Musamman dacewa ga yumɓun ƙasa;
- A cikin taron na damp ko ambaliyar ruwa a cikin ginshikan gidan ko a cikin ginshiki;
- Idan tushe da ganuwar tsarin da aka fara rufe ta fasa daga canja wurin ƙasa;
- Idan taga ko masu saukar ungulu;
- Wanke ƙasa daga ƙarƙashin hanyoyin, wuraren fases.
- Idan shafin yana kan dutsen ko a cikin lowland.
Tip: ƙirƙirar tsarin magudanar ruwa yana da kyau musamman idan ruwan karkashin kasa a cikin rukunin yanar gizonku yana cikin zurfin 1.5 m ko lessasa da.
Irin tsarin magudanar ruwa
Ya danganta da ƙira da kuma digiri na toshe abubuwan abubuwan da tsarin, iri iri biyu iri daban-daban sun banbanta:
daya. Surface magudanar ruwa . An halita ta wurin wurin a shafin yanar gizon tashoshi, cire danshi fada a cikin yanayin hazo. Za'a iya yin magudanar ruwa a cikin juyi biyu:
- Layin dogo . Wannan shi ne hanyar sadarwa na magudanan magudanar magudanar ruwa a cikin rami a kan matashin kai. Dukkanin gutters suna da keɓaɓɓen ra'ayi ga mai tarawa game da digiri 3. A tashoshi, ruwa ya haɗu cikin rijiyoyin ko aika fiye da iyakokin shafin. Dukkanin gutters an rufe su da lattices don kare su daga datti;
A hoto mai layi mai layi daga filaye
- Auduga . Wannan mai karɓar ruwa ne, wanda ya haɗa ruwa da madaidaiciya daga bututun magudanar ruwa. Irin waɗannan masu neman ruwan sama na iya zama ɗan ɗan lokaci. Dukkansu suna da alaƙa da tsarin a tsaye da bututu mai kwance tare da lambobin guguwa.
Ana amfani da jerin magudanar da yawa a hade tare da layi
2. Zurfin magudanar ruwa . Irin wannan tsarin tsari ne na perlines wanda aka sanya shi a wani zurfin, a kasa matakin ƙasa. A cikin malalewa mai zurfi a shafin, sanya tare da hannayensu, yana da kyau kwaya tare da magudanar ruwa, da kuma a gaban ruwan karkashin kasa.
Yadda za a yi zurfin filaye na makircin da aka yi tare da hotonsu na nuna gani
Shiri na daftarin tsarin magudanar ruwa
Lokacin da magudanar magudanar da aka shirya, da yawa ya kamata a la'akari, da ingancin abubuwa da ƙarfin tsarin magudanar.Bayanin kula da maki:
- Kulle tsarin magudanar yana cika koyaushe, bayan ƙarshen babban aikin aikin. Kayan aikin gine-gine da ke cikin rukunin yanar gizon na iya lalata abubuwan da ke malalewa;
- Dole ne a nuna aikin da sauran hanyoyin sadarwa don haɗa su da tsarin magudanar ruwa;
- Wajibi ne a san matakin abin da ya faru a ɓangarenku;
- Binciko abun da ke ciki da tsarin ƙasa a shafin a cikin zurfuka daban-daban;
- Aikin ya kamata la'akari da kasancewar tsarin da aka mamaye a cikin ƙasa. Yana iya zama ƙasa ƙasa a gida, cellar, ginshiki, da kyau;
- Yi la'akari da kayan aikin yankin;
- Ya kamata a aiwatar da magudanar gonar gonar tare da wurin bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi;
- La'akari da adadin adadin fadadawa dangane da yankinku.
Abin da za a buƙaci buɗe da kuma rufe magudanar ruwa
Magana ta dace a yankin ƙasar da hannayensu suna nuna amfani da wasu nau'ikan kayan gini. Tsarin lambobin zai buƙaci kayan daban-daban.
1. Don ƙirƙirar magudanar ruwa na ƙasa (dangane da nau'in):
- masu neman ruwan sama;
- Polymer kankare / polymerpess ko filastik truss wanda ruwa zai tashi a wurin da aka sanya;
- Sanweders waɗanda suke hidima don hana datti daban daga shiga tsarin;
- laftoes da aka yi da karfe ko filastik, wanda za'a rufe shi da trayer trays;
- Sand, wanda aka sanya matashin kai don gutters da siminti za a yi don gyara su.
Magudanar ruwa daga kayan da aka samu da ruwan sama
2. Don tsarin zurfi, zaku buƙaci siye:
- Pipe ya kirkira, wanda za'a tara ruwa. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da samfuran polymical. Idan ba su da ramuka, za a bushe su kadai. Diamita na bututu bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 10 cm ba;
- geotexile, wanda zai zama kashi na tace;
- Fittings da Kudi don Haɗin bututu a cikin tsarin guda;
- Kallon rijiyoyin, godiya ga wanda zai yiwu a bincika tsarin kuma ya tsabtace shi;
- Wells da rijiyoyin da aka duka ruwa zai tara;
- A famfo wanda ruwa ke yin ɗigon rijiyoyin ruwa daga Waterborne zai fito idan an shirya shi.
- yashi don tsarin da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa;
- Dutse mai rauni don zubar da pre-titteration na ruwa.
Perforored Tube Tube tare da tacewa daga Geotexile
SAURARA: Idan kuna da rashi mai rauni, yana da yarda a yi amfani da tsakuwa. Yanayin asali - bangon sa ya zama sama da 4 cm a diamita.
Samar da tsarin magudanar ƙasa
Kafin yin magudanar shafin da hannayensu, ya zama dole a yi makirci don sanya duk tashoshin tashoshin duniyar farko. Ana nuna ta wurin babban tasirin babban (babban) tashoshi, wanda ke zuwa mai tarawa ko ruwa. Bugu da kari, ana sanya ƙarin tashoshi, cire ruwa daga wuraren zama inda ya tara. Hanyoyin tashoshin suna da banbanci zuwa manyan tashoshi, suna haɗa tare da su.Na gaba kana bukatar zabi Nau'in layin layi - fadowa (wanda ba a yi amfani da shi ba) ko tire . Shirye-shiryen shirya don ainihin:
- Tsananin bisa ga zane, trersches suna tono. Zurfinsu shine 50-70 cm, kuma Thetion ya zama kusan 40-50 cm. Kula da karkatar da murfin murfin. Dole ne a yanka su a wani kwana game da digiri 25. Wato, a saman sun fi girma.
- A kasan tranches ana trambed.
Tukwici: manyan tashoshi suna samarwa, kamar yadda zai wuce kwararar ruwa da aka tattara daga ƙarin tashoshi.
Fucking magudanar ruwa
- A cikin tare da tare da kenuwa, an haɗu da Layer na Geottextiles, bayan wanda ragin ya faɗi barci tare da ruble. Layer na ƙasa da datti dole ne ya fi girma comtions. Geotextile ya yi muni saboda barbashi na ƙasa ba su shiga dutse Layer;
- A saman irin wannan backfill, an zubar da ƙasa ko turf yana tsinkaye.
Makirci na na'urar na faɗuwar ƙasa na ƙasa
Horar da malalewa
- Kuma digging rumbuna, amma kasa zurfin;
- A kasan ramuka, an rufe yashi tare da Layer na 10 cm;
- Idan ana so, a saman yashi na iya zuba rublble;
- A kasan da ganuwar taguwar, semunti turni an zuba;
- trays da sands an sanya;
- An rufe trays a saman latti na kariya.
Shigarwa na magudanar ruwa
Irin wannan tsarin an kera shi tare da kulawa ta musamman, kamar yadda gyaran kowane kasawa zai kasance matsala. Ana ɗaukar mai gudana mai zurfi na makirci yana da wahalar yin lissafi da aiki mai aiki mai zurfi.
Ana yin aiki a cikin irin wannan jerin:
- Tsarin kwanciya manyan hanyoyin ruwa a rubuce;
- 50 ck nisa da zurfin 80-100 cm. Gangara da gangara trersches kimanin 3 digiri zuwa magudanar ruwa;
- A kasan rassan an rufe shi da yashi (kusan 10 cm), wanda yake rambling;
- An dakatar da Geotextile a saman yashi tare da irin wannan lissafi domin ya ƙare sama da matakin ƙasa;
- A cikin Layer na Geotextile an rufe shi da ruble. Kauri kauri - kusan 20 cm;
- Preshored bututun ana cakuda bisa dutse mai rauni;
- Bututu na bututu suna da alaƙa da juna;
- An shirya shi sosai. An sanye take a mafi ƙasƙanci na shafin;
- An nuna bututun a cikin magudana a cikin magudano da kyau, daga wane ruwa zai kumbura ko haɗi a ƙaramin wuri;
- Sayi bututun suna rufe da ruble a saman. Bai kamata ya kai matakin ƙasa ba;
- Fushin Geotextilie, tare da sakamakon cewa bututun da muryoyin dutse, wanda ke kewaye da shi, suna cikin "roƙe";
- Daga sama, an rufe duka zane tare da ƙasa.
Magudanan itacen malal
Tsarin magudanar ruwa zai canza shafinku, cire shi daga zafin jiki, maido da yanayin ƙasa.
Video
Yadda ake yin magudanar da kai da hannayenka, duba bidiyon. Yana kiranta zaɓin da ba a bude buɗe ba, da zurfin ɗaya.
Mataki na a kan taken: Shigar da EAVES don labulen tare da hannuwanku