Yadda za a gina gidan da aka tsara

Toshe mai-kankare shine kayan gini tare da tsarin kwalliya. An fito daga ciminti, ruwa, lemun tsami, yashi da filastar dutse, da kuma kayan jikin aluminium a matsayin bangaren ginin mai. An samar da kayan kwalliya kawai a kayan aiki na musamman a masana'anta. Abu ne mai yiwuwa a gina gida daga kayan kwalliya.

Gidaje daga AEERED PORCRET BUSECOS - PRUSES da Cons

Aired kankare ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin bangarorin yanayi daban-daban a cikin ginin wuraren masana'antu da gidaje. Yana da ƙarancin nauyi (ƙasa da kilogiram 30), da kuma bulo 30 na iya maye gurbin tubalin 30. Gina gida daga kayan kwalliyar kwalliya da hannuwanku.

Halaye masu kyau:

Godiya ga tsarin iska, gas mai kyau yana da ƙoshin lafiya da kayan miya;
An samar da shi daga abubuwan haɗi, wuta;
yana da babban juriya da sanyi da rayuwar sabis;
a kan ka'idojin muhalli, an dauki kayan aikin da aka yi la'akari da kayan aiki;
Ba batun juyawa ba, da samuwar mold, kamar yadda ake yi da kayan malids;
Ya dace don aiki, yana da sauƙi a gina gidan kowane ƙira kuma ku yi kofa ta Arzed ko taga.
Saboda ƙarancin nauyi, ana buƙatar yin amfani da dabarar dagawa; ba a buƙatar;
Ba batun hallaka daga rayuwar ultraviolet da hazo;
Abun zafi - lokacin da rana ya yi masa zafi, dakin a ciki basa overheat, kuma a cikin lokacin sanyi ba ya motsa;
A waje ko ƙarin rufin zafi ana yin dogaro da yankin damina kuma ba wajibi bane.

Abubuwan da ke damun zafi ya dogara da kauri na bangon da kuma alamar da aka yi amfani da ita. Don haka, amfani da naúrar D600 tare da nisa na 20 cm yana da mai nuna alama na 0.71 W / Mİ..45 W / Mİ.44 0.34 W / Mİ.34 W / Mİ.34 W / Mİ.34 W / Mİ.34 W / Mİ.34 W / Mİ.34 W / Mİ.34 W / Mİ.34 W / Mİ.34 W / Mİ. Idan ana amfani da alamar D400: 20 cm - 0.50 w / Mİ. k, 30 cm - 0.31 w / Mİ..25 w / Mİ..25 w / Mİ.

Halaye marasa kyau:

Hygroscopic - ba da shawarar yin amfani da toshe don gina ginin sauna, ɗakin tururi ko wanka ba tare da ƙarin vaporizolation ba;
Aerated kankare Masonry, kamar sauran wani abu na dutse, yana buƙatar tushe mai dorewa wanda rashin nutsuwa baya faruwa;
Files yana aiki ne mai wahala, tunda sanyin gwiwa yana da madaidaicin surface, wanda ke buƙatar ƙara zuwa maganin PVA;
Don sauri, ana buƙatar fasikanci na musamman.

Tare da gini mai zaman kansa, ana iya fadada gidan kankare ta hanyar gine-ginen gine-ginen saboda saurin samun sauki. Bugu da kari, tubalan gas a girman sun fi tubalin, sabili da haka, 1 m2 ba za su buƙaci sama da minti 20 ba.

Saitin kayan aiki don gini

Kafin a ci gaba da gina gidan da yaurin da kankare, ya kamata ka shirya duk mahimman kayan aikin da kayan gini. Ga kowane matakin gini ana buƙatarsa:

igiyar don yin alama da ramuka, karwar mota;
Shebur, scrap, Kirk ya zama dole ga Earthworks;
Hacksaw na yankan tubalan, jirgin ruwa mai guba tare da manne, Scoop, Celin, Twink, Gudun, Rogin Grink, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, kusurwa, gorner Ana amfani dasu yayin kwanciya mai tushe;
Plastering ruwan wukake da kuma twinks, cuts, rustles, goge, spatulas, falmaran - tambaya domin plastering kuma kammala ayyukansu.
An tsara Strockessis don bushewa da tsagi a ƙarƙashin sa ido na ƙarfafa da wiring;
Lantarki ya shafi tsintsaye masu zurfi;
Electrode tare da kambi don ramuka masu hakowa don juyawa da kwasfa.

Aired colcrete an sarrafa shi sosai ta hanyar kayan aiki masu sauƙi. A sakamakon haka, ta amfani da na'urori masu sauƙi, zaku iya sauri da kuma manyan saiti mai kyau. Hakanan tare da taimakon wani al'ada na al'ada, zaka iya yin gamsarwa na ado.

Shafin jingina

Kafin fara aikin gini a shafin da ya wajaba a sanya babbar hanyar da ta yi girma, saboda haka babu matsaloli tare da kayan sufuri da kayan aiki na musamman a gaba. Wurin don gidan nan gaba ya tsarkaka ta kayan da ba lallai ba da datti.

Mataki na a kan taken: Hotunan bangon waya: hoto, yadda za a hukunta daban, hoton daki, mai ban sha'awa, launi, misalai, bidiyo, misalai, bidiyo, misalai, bidiyo

Ana jan shirin tare da iyakokin wuraren makwabta waɗanda ke da gidan da wuraren da wuraren gine-ginen tattalin arziki. Tare da taimakon wata matsala, peg da igiya ta sanya wani wuri a ƙarƙashin gina ginin. Kwakwalwa suna cikin ƙasa a ƙasa a cikin sasanninta na kewaye, kuma igiya ta miƙe a tsakaninsu. Alaggawa don tushen tushen Gida na gidan an yi shi ta hanyar koma baya daga igiyar madaidaiciya zuwa ga nisa na gaba, shimfiɗa a layi daya zuwa igiya. Don bincika rashin ƙarfi na gefen madaidaiciyar igiyar diagonally.

Muna shirya ramuka

A gaban jirgin saman tare da tare da tare da tare da yake, ya zama dole a tantance irin nau'in ƙasa a wurin nan gaba. A kasar gona na iya zama stony sosai, wanda ya sa ya zama da wuya a lalata ramuka, ko kuma akasin haka, Sandy, to, akwai yiwuwar matsi. Ya kamata a lissafta a kan zurfin da nisa da aka haƙa. Idan akwai kututture ko ciyawa tare da bishiyoyi waɗanda ke tsoma baki tare da shafin ginin, an tumɓuke su, ko motsa ginin mai zuwa. Cire babban itace na iya zama mai tsada sosai kuma tsawon lokaci.

Injin daki

Kuna iya tono a cikin kewayawa kanta - tare da taimakon felu, ko tono wani exca. Lokacin da ƙasa ta kumbura a ƙasan rami, an tsabtace ta, saboda ma yayin da ake yawan haɗuwa da shi zai kasance sako-sako. Zurfin mai duba ya dogara da matakin daskarewa, fadin shine 70-80 cm, ko daidai yake da nisa na ƙwanƙwasa ƙwararru (rami a ƙarƙashin Monolithic Slab). Idan ƙasa ta kwance kuma ta bayyana, sannan shigar da garkuwa daga allon. A kasan da ke fitowa da matashin wuta na yashi, kauri 15-20 cm., Yana da kyau a faɗi.

Muna yin tushe

An yi wani kaso ko na Monolithic na Monolithic a ƙarƙashin gidan mai gas. Zaɓin harsafaren da ake so ya dogara da halaye na fasaha na ƙasa da ƙarfin kuɗi. Za'a iya rarraba tsarin aikin zuwa matakan:

Muna yin tsari;
Sanya karawa juna;
Zuba kankare.

Shigar da tsari

Tsarin tsari shine wurin zama daga allon, garkuwoyi, toshe abubuwa a ƙarƙashin cika kankare. Akwai halitta guda biyu: cirewa - bayan bushewa mafita, da kuma ba a sani ba - ya kasance a matsayin ƙarin rufi.

Ana gina saitar saukarwa daga cirewa na polystyrene kumfa, arbolit ko kercrete kankare. Kowane ɗayan kayan yana da nasa duka tabbatacce kuma mara kyau.

Kafin kwancayi na sifofin formaft a kasan mahara, mai hana ruwa kayan ko fim din mai karfafa. Aiki kan sanya tsari na tsari yana sanya daga kusurwa, matsawa kusa da biranen, yana sanya su a cikin tsarin Checker. Idan akwai haɗin tsinkaye a cikin toshe, to dole ne su kasance saman. Shigar da shigarwa an bincika a kan igiyar madaidaiciya da matakin.

Tsaya axings

Kafin shigar da layi na farko na tsarin tef ɗinku, sandunan ƙarfe sun dace da tsagi da groven tare da waya. Shigar da madaidaiciyar ƙarfafa na baya kuma haɗa zuwa kwance. Bayan tsayi da ake so na tsari na tsari, an katse karfafa gwiwa.

Cika kankare

Cika kankare ne mafi kyau a bushe bushe da rashin dacewa don gujewa fizaba ko kuma fitar da daskarewa da danshi daga mafita. Don shirya ingantaccen bayani, ya zama dole don amfani da samfuran ciminti mai inganci M400 ko M500. Sand ya yi ba tare da ƙazantar ƙasa da yumbu ba, zai fi dacewa kogi. Ruwa ya kamata tsabta, ba chlorinated ba. Manyan fillers sunyi daidai da dutse.

Matsakaicin sumunti zuwa yashi - 1: 4, zuwa ruble - 1: 2, zuwa ruwa - 1: 0.5. Idan ana amfani da yashi rigar, to adadin ruwan ya ragu.

A zazzabi mai dumi don kawar da daskarewa na mafita, an ƙara filastik. Idan an gina ƙaramin gida, to ana iya amfani dashi don motsa mai haɗi na kankare, kuma tare da babban yanki na cika kafuwar ya fi kyau amfani da kafaffiyar magani. Wajibi ne a cikin irin wannan yankin da ya isa ya cika yankin gaba ɗaya a lokaci guda. Vibrotambovka ya samar da vibrotambovka don cire fanko da kuma a ko'ina rarraba cakuda.

Mataki na a kan batun: Yadda za a Sanya Kulle Overhead a ƙofar katako

Muna gina bango

Yin amfani da kayan kwalliyar da aka yi a matsayin kayan aikin bangon yana ba ku damar cimma kyawawan alamu cikin ƙarfi da ginin zafi. Tubalan suna da nauyi masu nauyi kuma suna da girma mai girma, wanda ke ba ka damar gina ganuwar gidan tare da yankin 150-200 m2 kawai watanni 1-1.5 kawai watanni 1-1.5 kawai watanni 1-1.5 kawai watanni 1-1.5 kawai watanni 1-1.5 kawai watanni 1-1.5 kawai. Ana iya rarraba aikin ginin zuwa matakai da yawa:

kwantar da layi na farko;
sanya 2nd da na 3;
Shiri don silannin taga da tagogi;
Jumpers akan windows da taga sills;
Armopoyas Inter-Storey.

Mun sanya layi na farko

Mun cire datti, ƙura da ruwa ruwa daga saman kafuwar. Mun kwantar da shi a ko'ina cikin biranen kewaye da na gida. Don sanya rufi shine mafi kyawun rashin aiki, amma musanya.

Don lissafin layi na farko, ana amfani da turmi na siminti, tunda saman kafuwar baya faruwa sosai. Amfani da cakuda zai taimaka a daidaita dukkan abubuwan rashin daidaituwa, a hankali sa mai-kankare mai-kankare.

Mafi qarancin kauri daga turmi na ciminti yana 1 cm, don haka ya zama dole don sanin mafi girman kusurwa a kan tushe ta amfani da matakin. Daga gare shi kuma fara sa tubalan gas, suna nufin bayar da shaida koyaushe. Yi shi bayan kowane katako.

Monry ne da za'ayi ko'ina cikin kewaye da gidan kuma a bangon a ciki, ba mantawa da daidaitawa ko da matakin. Ya dace don amfani da tubalan gas tare da sauri "Groove-Ridge" - sun fi sauƙi a sanya su. Hakanan don dacewa da kuma ajiyewa lokaci pallets da aka sanya shinge a cikin ginin.

Yi layuka na 2 da na 3

Kafin sanya sabon jere na toshe gas, a saman wanda ya gabata dole ne a goge shi tare da polishing. Ana yin wannan don mafi kyawun manne tsakanin tubalan, saboda ana amfani dashi a cikin 0.5-0.7 cm.

Layi na biyu an dage farawa daga kusurwa tare da motsi a kan rabin toshe (aƙalla 8 cm) don haka sai kuɗaɗen gas daga cikin manyan gas ɗin da ya gabata. Ana amfani da glue ta amfani da karusar sashi ko kuma guga na musamman da zane. An sanya tubalan gas kamar yadda zai yiwu ga juna, idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da guduma roba. Aikin ya kamata a yi da sauri, kamar yadda aka ɗauki manne bayan minti 15. A zazzabi na debe zuwa -15 ° C amfani da manne tare da ƙari na musamman.

Hakanan sanya tubalan na uku da na biyo baya. Wajibi ne a kai a kai ka lura da damuwar da gas na toshe. Decavororar daurin kulawa a wurin da makullin kofofin ko windows, ba koyaushe zai yuwu a sanya su don su yi magana a cikin peg. Tare da wannan matsalar, yana da sauƙin shawo kan taimakon talakawa hacksaw tare da haƙori. Don bacci mai santsi, ana amfani da kusurwa ta musamman.

Shiri na bango a karkashin windowsill da windows

Yin karfafa gwiwar budewar taga yana buƙatar layi ɗaya a ƙasa mai windows. Wajibi ne a karfafa ganuwar inda taga zata kasance. A saboda wannan, akwai tsagi guda biyu na dogon tsayi tare da tsawon bango. Furrows ya kamata ya fi girma a kowane gefe ta hanyar Windows 30 cm Windows. An sanya karfafa gwiwa da zuba tare da ciminti turmi. An kara da shigarwa na kayan kwalliyar kwalliya an yi shi ne a kan manne, a cikin tsari da ya dace, yin la'akari da taga da ƙofofin.

Yin Jumpers don Windows da Kafofin

A kan ƙofar da taga yana da mahimmanci don shigar da jumpers don haka bangon ya rushe. Kuna iya yin wannan ta hanyoyi da yawa:

Zaɓin zaɓi mai sauƙi shine a shirye.
U-dimbin yawa da aka yi amfani da tubalan kankare. A kan ƙofar ko taga taga an sanya daga hukumar ajiyar. Yawan adadin gas mai cike da man shafawa tare kuma ya dage cikin wurin da ake so. A cikin tubalan an sanya shi a kan ƙarfafa kuma an zuba tare da ciminti turpent.
Sauƙaƙe mai-mai laushi mai sauƙi mai haske da bugun jini 3 tsawon lokaci a cikinsu. Sanya mai karfafa gwiwa kuma ka zuba cakuda ciminti. Suna ba da bushe kimanin sa'o'i 24. Sun sanya irin wannan yumbers a kan hangen nesa ba fi da mita 1 da kuma karfafa gwiwa ba.

Gaggawa tsakanin bango da Jumpers da aka sanya shi ta hanyar girma da ake so.

Talla

Arfioptois shine Layer na karfafa kankare, cike tsakanin tubalan. Muna da mahimmanci don gabatar da ƙarfin duka bangon bango da kuma shigarwa na Mauerlat.

Mataki na a kan taken: labulen a cikin ɗakin kwana: launi, ƙira, ƙira, masana'anta, hotuna 90

A gefuna bangon waje bango, an sanya shinge gas, 10 cm fadi, samar da tsari. A sakamakon sarari tsakanin tubalan sun dace da ƙarfafa kuma an zuba shi da mafita.

Ga hawa Mauerlat a Armopoyas a tsaye kankare mai karfafa gwiwa tare da murfin yanka a kansu. Ana saita Studs a nesa na 1-1.5 m daga juna.

Rufi

A kan ganuwar makamai, an zubar da kayan hana ruwa da Mauerlat (tallan tallafi). An haɗe shi da gashin gashi tare da kwayoyi. A sasannin ƙirar, sandunan tallafi sun ɗaure tare da ƙarfe na ƙarfe. An yi mai da za a yi, a cikin fadin aikin ya yiwa sandunan da ke tattare da safarar masu canzawa. Bugu da ari tare da tsawon gidan, layuka 2 na brusyev (lezhenny) an gyara su ne cewa suna daidai da juna kuma daga gefuna. Misali, idan nisa daga gidan shine 10 m, to wannan nisan wannan nisan zai zama 3.3 m.

A kan yadudduka tare da taimakon brackts, sasanninta ko ƙusoshin katako suna hawa rufin katako a nesa na 2-2.5 m. An sanya su a gaban ɓangarorin biyu. Don mafi kyawun haɗin kai, a kan tarkon daidai da fadin faɗin rufin an tsage. Sa'an nan kuma aka yi cakuda a kan katako na katako daga ɓangarorin biyu tare da rufin rufin tsawon biyun - gudu. Ana buƙatar su don Rafters Rafters.

Shigarwa na Rafter yana farawa daga gefen rufin, yin daidai da nesa tsakanin su. A kasan su an daidaita zuwa Mauerlat, kuma saman an haɗa shi ne don tsayawa gaban Rapi mai sauri. Don ƙarfin dukkan ɗabi'ar ginin humbers, ɗaure tare da sandunan da ke gudu.

Kafin sanya kayan rufi, ana yin asuba. An kafe shi, sanya shi dama hagu da kasa-up. Ga kowane nau'in kayan yana buƙatar fasanninsu.

Kammala aikin

Fuel yana nuna bangon wuta yana barin saɓa ko sandwich. Lokacin da aka shigarsu, ya zama dole don barin rata tsakanin tubalan gas da kayan ƙofofin. Ana buƙatar cire danshi wanda zai iya samun ta hanyar ramuka daban-daban.

Kayan ado na ciki daga bangon bango daga sararin samaniya ana aiwatar da su a zazzabi ba ƙasa da + 10 ° C. Idan akwai kwakwalwan kwamfuta, harbe ƙasa gefuna, ramuka a saman toshe, suna cike da cakuda masonryry. Abubuwan da ke jujjuyawa akan bangon an shafa shi da mai dafa abinci.

A ciki, an raba bangon kankare ta filastar ko plasterboard. Bayan haka, za a iya fentin su, mugaye ko da aka yi layi tare da wasu kayan.

Plastering bango tare da cakuda na musamman don gas-toshe, wanda aka bered daidai da umarnin mai samarwa.

Kimanin kimantawa don gini

Ginin gidan ya fara da halittar wani aiki da aiki don sanin halayen kasar gona. Farashin ya dogara da ragin kungiyoyi.

Farantin ƙimar farashin masana'antar. Don gidan 10 × 10 m a cikin girman:

Botewararren Monolithic (murhu) - 500-700 Dubun dubbai;
Ribbon - Ribbon 300-500,000 rubles.

Idan ka yi ginin da kanka, farashin zai kusan rabin ƙasa.

A farashin tubalan a cikin dubun dubun 3,000. Ga M3, ya kamata a kashe dubu 21 dubu a kan ginin dukkan ganuwar. Don masonry, kimanin jakunkuna 105 kuma zai buƙaci. Matsakaicin darajar ɗaya shine 250 p. Jimlar adadin - 250 × 105 = 26250 rubles. An kara da armature a nan. Za a buƙaci tare da wani nauyin kimanin kilomita 1, kuma zai kashe dubu 15. Arfiis zai biya dubu 75,000.

Kudin overlappings ya dogara da nau'in kayan. Ya fara daga duniyoyi 50. Farashin rufin yana canzawa daga cika. Tsarin tsarin raftincin kuɗi kusan dubu ɗari, mai rufi ya fara daga dubu 70, rufin ma'adinai - 20-50 dubu. Gidan da aka gina a cikin kankare ba tare da ado ba, yanki na 100 M2, wanda hannayensu suka gina, zasu kashe kimanin Miliyan 200 200.