Madzi ofunda ku nyumba yachinsinsi ndi njira yomwe mumakonda kwambiri kuchokera mitundu yonse yamisika yakunja. Ubwino waukulu wa mwayi wawo umakhala ndi chuma komanso kutentha kusintha madera akulu.
Nthawi zambiri, chitoliro chochokera ku polyethylene chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu omwe amayenda. Komabe, nthawi zambiri ambuye okonzako odzola amagwiritsa ntchito mapaipi a polypropyylene, omwe nthawi zambiri amaumba makhoma a khoma nthawi zambiri amakhala. Kodi ndizotheka kuzigwiritsa ntchito pansi papansi, ndipo ngati inde - momwe mungasinthire pansi pa mapaipi a polypropylene molondola?
Polyethylene ndi Polypropylene: Ubwino ndi Zovuta
Musanakonde kusankha chimodzi kapena zingapo, tikambirana zambiri kuchokera ku polyethylene ndi polypropylene.Kukhazikika Polyethynene
Mapaipi amakono a polyethylene alibe msoko
Ndi liwu loti "polyethylene", ndipo ngakhale opindika, ambiri wamba a wamba amatuluka chithunzi cha chinthu chofooka komanso chachilendo, koma sichoncho. Maukadaulo amakono amakupatsani mwayi wowoloka zinthuzo m'njira yoti palibe msoko pansi pa chitoliro, ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake.
Maselo aposachedwa kwambiri, mitengo ya polyethylene imawombedwa ndi msoko waukulu, womwe sunawapangitse kukhala wakhanda. Chifukwa cha gawo lofala kwambiri logwiritsa ntchito, nyumba zonyamula chilimwe ndi mabanja adagwiritsidwa ntchito, komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pothirira.
Koma polyethylene, wolumikizidwa ndi matekinoloje amakono, ali ndi mphamvu zambiri. Izi ndizomwe zimachitika makamaka pa pulasitiki yapulasitiki ya rty, ndiye kuti, ndi kutentha kowonjezereka. Kapangidwe ka khoma la chitoliro choterocho ndi ma mesh ang'onoang'ono atatu ndi zomangira zamphamvu. Izi zimatheka chifukwa chakuti kuwotcha kwa chitoliro kumapita ku ma molecular mulingo, chifukwa chake, gawo lopanga morolithic limapangidwa.
Mapaipi oterewa, malinga ndi opanga, amatha kupirira kukakamizidwa mpaka pakati pa 20. Mphamvu zoterezi zimachitika chifukwa cha machitidwe ofunda, chubu cholimba chosinthika chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mita.
Zina mwa mitsinje ya polyethylene yofunda pansi, kukana kwawo kosakwanira kwa zinthu zakuthupi zakunja zitha kudziwika.
Kukakamizidwa kuchokera kunja kumatha kutenga chitoliro, chomwe chingapangitse kufalitsidwa kwa ozizira pamndandandawo, kotero kuti njira zotenthetsera pa poryethylene tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ziphimbidwa, zomwe zimapanga gawo la chipolopolo chomwe chimawateteza kuchokera pakukakamizidwa ndi chophimba pansi.
Polypropylene
Mapaipi opangidwa ndi nkhaniyi amadziwa masiku ano. Zinali pazaka khumi zapitazi zomwe m'zaka khumi zapitazi, pomanga "zojambulajambula" mu mawonekedwe a zitsulo.
Machubu a Polyprophene ali ndi maubwino onse osasinthika:
- Moyo wautali wa utumiki, kufikira ndi kukhazikitsa koyenera mpaka zaka 50.
- Kukana Kwambiri Kumanja Kusintha Mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, osati madzi okha, komanso antifuti kapena allelene glycol angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati wozizira.
Polypropylene sakhala wopanda phokoso komanso phokoso laling'ono pomwe madzi amadutsa mapaipi
- Kukana kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa mchere ndi dzimbiri. Polypropylene ndi wopanda chidwi ndi mamolekyulu amadzi, kotero mapaipi sakuopseza kapena dzimbiri, ndipo mawonekedwe osalala amalepheretsa makoma a mpweya wambiri womwe umakhala wozizira.
- Mulingo wochepetsedwa. Mukamayendetsa madzimadzi pamapaipi, phokoso limakhala lotanganidwa kwambiri ndi makhoma ambiri a polypropylene.
- Mphamvu yayikulu. Thupi la Polypropyyylene ndizosatheka kupatsa mitundu yofewa yopanda polyethylene, motero sikofunikira kubisa matenthedwe a polypropylene kukhala konkriti.
Khalani ndi matenthedwe otenthetsa ndi zovuta zawo. Choyamba, izi ndi zoperewera m'magawo omwe amapanga kukakamizidwa ndi kutentha ndi + 95 kuyambira kutentha. Kutentha koyenera kovomerezeka ndi + 75 C.
Pofuna kuwerama zinthu zoterezi zimafunikira zida zapadera
Ngati magawo awa amapitilira, polypropylene amayamba kusokonekera ndikuwonjezera kwambiri mu mavoliyumu. Mimbulu ina yamapaipi yotereyi ndi yolimba kwambiri.
Polypropylene "njoka" kapena kuzungulira, ngati mapaipi a polyethylene, sichokafuna kuchita bwino, kotero pokhazikitsa pansi popanda "kusinthitsa-ngodya - ngodya zolumikizira zinthu za payekha.
Kuchokera kuti kunenepa kwambiri kudzapangidwa moyenerera, mphamvu ya kutentha yonse kumadalira chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusamalira kwambiri mphamvu ndi kulimba kwa mankhwalawo.
Pambuyo pozindikira zabwino zonse ndi zovuta zonse komanso zovuta za polypropylene ndi polyethylene, mutha kudzipangira zofunika bwino.
Ngati mungaganize zogwiritsa ntchito machubu a polypropyyylene ngati chinthu chofunda, muyenera kuzimvetsetsa bwino zomwe mungasankhe.
Kusankha mapaipi a Polyprophene
Pali mitundu ingapo ya mapaipi a polypropylene mu msika wamakono. Kuti mukhale ndi dongosolo lokhazikika komanso lotentha lotentha, ndikofunikira kuyandikira kusankha mtundu wa polypropylene.Wapakati-wosanjikiza
Rrnation rrn. Mitundu iyi ya polymer imapangidwa ndi omwe amatchedwa hoopolyprolypropylene. PIR-polypropropyyynee Pipelines adapangidwa kuti mpweya wabwino ukhale ndi njira zozizira.
Kukulitsa kuchokera kumadzi madzi kutentha pansi sikulimbikitsidwa chifukwa chokana kwambiri.
Kuyimirira chuma ndi kupanikizika ndi kutentha kwambiri
Kusankha RRV. Mapaipi oterowo amapangidwa kuchokera ku polypropylene block Coptolymer. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukana kukana ndi kutentha, kotero itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zofunda.
RRS Detation. Moto wotsutsana ndi polymer wopangidwa kuti ugwiritse ntchito pafupi ndi zotchinga moto. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe, a RRV Polypropylene ndiwofanana, koma amadziwika ndi mtengo wokwera.
Zikuluzikulu
Mapaipi awiri-aluminium kapena zigawo za fiberglass
Zithunzi zotere zimapangidwa ndi chosanjikiza zomwe zili pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za polymer.
Kulimbikitsidwa ndi tsamba loonda la aluminiyamu kapena makulidwe osaposa 1 mm.
Zikomo kwa iye, mapipu opangidwa ndi altilanene a polypropylene amatha kugwira ntchito pa kutentha kozizira ku + 95 ... + 20 (mpaka) mpaka 110 s).
Mapaipi omwe amapangidwa ndi a miltilaneya polypropylene ndiwofunikira kwambiri wopanga zofunda, chifukwa chokhazikika.
Kukhazikitsa kwa Kutentha
Mukasankha ndikugula zinthu zoyenera, ipitirirani kukhazikitsa mwachindunji kukhazikitsa kwa zinthu zotenthetsera.Kukonzekera kwa maziko
Kusamba kwamadzi kumateteza anansi kunsi kwa oyandikana nawo
Imagwira ntchito poika mapaiti otenthetsera ayenera kuyamba ndi kukonza maziko. Choyamba, osungunuka ayenera kufunsidwa.
Izi zikuthandizani kupewa mavuto omwe ali ndi anzawo omwe ali m'munsi mwa mphamvu majereure mu mawonekedwe a mapaipi.
Pazifukwa izi, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa onse ochita zinthu mosatekeseka ndi zinthu zakale zokutira: Crumaid ndi zida zofanana ndi izo. Poyamba, phokoso lamadzi limagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito utoto kapena wodzigudubuza. Mankhwala a mastic amadzaza ma pores ndi ma microcracks a konkriti, osasiya njira zosungunulira zolowa kudzera pansi.
Mafuta olumikizana ndi madzi
Kufuula zamadzi kumayikidwa pa bulangeti wina ndi mnzake, kumangiriza kumadontho ophulika pogwiritsa ntchito phula. Zolumikizana za zitsulo zimapangidwanso bwino ndi mastic, ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, mastic zigudukidwe osungunuka akhazikika pa zigawo 2-3.
Gawo lotsatira ndikutuwa kwa maziko. Ngati simupanga ntchito iyi, ndiye kuti kapangidwe kanu kotenthetsera kumangotentha chipindacho. Kutentha kotsala 50% kumapita kukatenthe pa denga ndi oyandikana nawo pansi kapena pansi.
Polystyrene chithovu
Kuti mutseke mphamvu yamafuta imawononga pa chosanjikiza chopanda madzi, ikani kutentha kwa kutentha.
Pachifukwa ichi, mndandanda wazinthu zowirimbirana zandiweyani ndizabwino, makamaka osawopa chinyontho.
Njira yabwinoyo idzakhala yolumbirira polystyrene (zotupa) penoplex, etc. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito thovu la polyethylene ndi zojambulazo.
Siziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito partyo kuti ikhale pansi pamafuta ofuula pansi pa madzi ofunda. Choyamba, utumiki wa ntchito umaopa chinyezi komanso kunyowa komwe kumatha kutaya mikhalidwe yake yolakwika. Kachiwiri, miniteni pansi pa kulemera kwa mapaipi, pansi pansi ndi mipando yoyimirira pa iyo itakaikira ndipo yathyoledwa, yomwe ingakhudzenso zinthu zake.
Kukonzekera Pa Ntchito
Kenako, muyenera kusankha momwe mapaipiwo adzaikidwira. Kufikira ngati idzakhazikitsidwa "Njoka", kuzungulira, "njoka ziwiri", ndi zina zotere Kutalika kwake kwakukulu kumadalira. Kuti mumve zambiri pa momwe mungapangire pansi madzi, yang'anani mawonekedwe awa:
Kutalika kwapakati sikuyenera kupitirira 50 m
Mukakonza ntchito, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti machubu a polyprophene amalimba, kotero simuyenera kusokonekera kwakuthwa ndikugwada malinga ndi zochuluka.
Kuti mugwire ntchito moyenera, mtunda pakati pa ulusi wa 25-30 cm ndi wokwanira.
Kutalika kwake, mapaipi sayenera kupitirira 50 m - mwina, posiyanitsidwa, kusamutsa kutentha kumakhala kotsika kwambiri, ndipo izi zidzapangitsa kuti kutentha kosagwirizana ndi chipindacho.
Kuti muwerengere kutalika kwa mapaite otenthetsera, muyenera kuyika chithunzi chake pansi ndi ulusi kapena twine. Pambuyo pake ikangoyeza kutalika kwa ulusi, kuti mupeze ndalama zenizeni za mapaipi amtsogolo.
Gome likuwonetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kutengera mtunda pakati pa malupu.
Mapaipi akugona
Shake Yosavuta Kuyika Contour
Pambuyo pantchito yokonzekera, mutha kupitilira mwachindunji kuti mugonere. Zothandiza kwambiri pamagawo a thermodynamic ndikuyika matope okhala ndi chozungulira.
Komabe, chiwembu choterechi chingakhale chovuta kwambiri kwa Mbuye wapanyumba, choncho ngati mungasankhe kukhazikitsa pansi ndi manja anu, ndibwino kusiya kusankha kwanu pa "njoka". Ndiosavuta kupanga, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimapanga kukula ziwiri zokha: gawo lalikulu la chitoliro - kwa mmbali yayitali, ndipo kudula kocheperako kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza mapaipi awo akuluakulu.
Kupatsa mapaipi akudana, gwiritsani ntchito ngodya
Komanso pokhazikitsa, tifunika kuphatikiza makona kuti mupereke bedi la kapangidwe kake ndi chitsulo chachitsulo cha mapaipi a polypropylene. Kuti muchepetse kwambiri pa mapaipi pansi pa icho, mauna achitsulo kapena fiberglass amaikidwa, komwe kumangidwa komwe kumangidwa m'malo angapo, pa kugwada chilichonse.
Gawo lotsatira ndikupanga chosanjikiza padera lomwe likutenthetsera malo okwanira kuti muthandizire kukakamizidwa kuchokera ku mipando ndi zida zapakhomo. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chonkriti. Njirayi iteteza mapaipi, ndipo adzapanganso maziko osalala bwino pansi pa zokutira. Momwe mungapangire pansi kuchokera ku polypropylene, onani vidiyoyi:
Monga njira - chipangizo choyendera. Pankhaniyi, pali mvula kapena malo okhala pakati pa ma coils a pamphati, omwe ayenera kuwuka ndi 1.5-2 masentimita pamwamba pa chitoliro. Amapanga maziko omwe plywood wosanjikiza amaikidwa pamwamba pomwe malo okongoletsa adayikidwa kale - linoleum, lomba, kapeti.
Njira yokhala ndi zongoyerekeza ndibwino kwambiri, popeza konkriti ndi wochititsa bwino kwambiri kuchokera ku zinthu zotenthetsera zinthu zachilengedwe.
Chida cha pvc
Malo osakhazikika amakhala otsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chizindikiritso ichi, motero iyenera kuyikika kokha ngati nkosatheka kukhazikitsa cholumikizira kapena pansi pomwe madzi owotchera.
Timatulutsa pansi pa pansi pomwe sitiroko komaliza. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kutengera zinthu popanda kutentha mbanja, kuti asachepetse bwino dongosolo la kutentha.
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