Beadhawork ndi imodzi mwazinthu wamba za singano. Amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wakale wa ajor. Zinasinthidwa, kusinthidwa, kulingana ndi mafashoni. Mikanda yokha - mikanda yaying'ono. Amatha kukhala ochokera pachilichonse, koma makamaka galasi. Zodzikongoletsera, zida, zifanizo, zinthu zokongoletsera, ngakhale zipatso zokhala ndi masamba zimagulitsidwa pa mikanda. Chifukwa chake, mu zinthuzi tiwona momwe angapangire mphesa kuchokera kumanda ndi njira ndi zithunzi.
Mbiri Yakale
Mbiri ya mikanda ndiyosangalatsa kwambiri ndipo imapita zaka zapitazo. Luso lopanga miyala yoluka inayamba pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, popeza moyo wa anthu padziko lapansi unayambira. Kupezekako kwa mikanda kwa anthu, anthu amatenga zinthu zoyendera miyala, zingwe za nyama.
Mikanda idatchuka mu chitukuko choyamba (Egypt, Greece). Sanali zodzikongoletsera zokha, komanso zimapangitsa kuti akhale mizimu yoyipa. Zipolopolo, zigonje zochokera pamitengo, zowala ndi mafupa a nyama zambiri zinali zowonjezera. Munthu amene amavala mafupa a nyama, kapena kudzitchinjiriza ku mavuto ndi matenda, kapena adadzilimbitsa.
Clay adapereka pakupanga mikanda. Njirayi inali yosavuta - iko inali yokongola ndikuwotchedwa. Ndi kusintha kwa zojambulajambula kumapanga mikanda yachitsulo. Mikanda sinangokhala chinthu chokongoletsera chokha ndi nkhani yokongoletsa, komanso ndalama yomasulira. Ambiri amaganiza kuti chuma chake chambiri komanso chabwino.
Amaganiziridwa kuti malo omwe adachokera ku mikanda ndi Egypt. Izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zoyambitsa galasi. Aigupto adayamba kubala zaluso zamagalasi, kuchokera pamenepo ndipo panali mikanda yagalasi. Mafarao a Egypt wakale anali wokongoletsedwa ndi mikanda yofananira. Aiguputo adakongoletsa ndi madiresi a madiresi, adapanga zokongola.
Syria ndi malo achiwiri pomwe mikanda idachokera. Ufumu wa Roma udawukitsa zokumana nazo za luso la upangiri m'mitundu iwiri ndipo mwachangu adalephera kugwiritsa ntchito izi. Mikanda pang'onopang'ono idalandira kutchuka padziko lonse lapansi komanso kutchuka.
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China chodzipatula mu mawonekedwe olenga ichi. Adapanga chida chowerengera chomwe mikanda imasunthira m'maya. Zonsezi zalowa mu chimango chomwe chimapangidwa ndi mitengo. Chifukwa chake, zambiri zidawonekera. Ma Vikings anali ndi njira zosangalatsa komanso zokulizira, zolemetsa zogulitsa zibangili ndi makosi.
Kukongola Kwake
Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tiyambire kalasi ya Mmisi yolimbana ndi mikanda. Lero tikupanga zokongola - mphesa za mphesa.
Monga nthawi zonse, timakonzekera zinthu zofunikira pantchito:
- Mikanda. Ndikofunika kugula pang'ono - burgundy ndi zobiriwira. Mutha kusinthanitsa mitundu powonjezera mitundu yobiriwira. Mphesa ndi amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu, motero siomweli;
- Waya. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito makulidwe osiyanasiyana - woonda komanso wandiweyani. Choyamba chifunikire kupanga zipatso ndi mipesa, chachiwiri - chambiri cha mikanda ndi masamba;
- Ulusi womwewo (wofanana) mu mtundu wa zipatso ndi masamba;
- Tepi ya maluwa.
Tsopano tikutenga kuluka. Kalasi ya Master imayamba ndi kupanga mipesa ya mphesa, yomwe ndi kuchokera ku zipatso.
Popeza mphesa za mphesa ndizokulira, ndikofunikira kupanga chimango. Chifukwa chake zidzakhala bwino kungosunga mawonekedwewo.
Zidzakhala zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe ikufunsidwa:
Magawo anayi ofiira - maselo a waya. Choyamba timawaphatikiza ndikupotoza m'mphepete mwa zingwe. Circle Gosh ndiye malo omwe waya walumikizidwa. Pamalo ano timaphatikiza waya woonda. Ndi antchito. Icho chinali chobiriwira. Pitani ku zingwe za mikanda. Tiyeni tifotokozere zambiri.
Bead imodzi imagundidwa pa waya woonda. Timamanga waya wogwira ntchito mozungulira waya woyandikana. Timatenga chotsatira chotsatira ndikubwereza zosintha. Timachita bola ngati likhala kalikonse pakati pa waya uliwonse. Tsopano mzere woyamba wapangidwa.
Mzere wachiwiri udzakhala wofanana ndi woyamba. M'malo mwa amodzi omwe timagwiritsa ntchito mikanda itatu. Pa mzere wachitatu, mufunika mikanda isanu. Zinafika kuti m'magulu otsatirawa azikhala mikanda iwiri kuposa kale. Operekedwa ndi waya wa gohotel tolstoy, ndikupanga dome.
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Mabulosi akafika pamtunda wofunikira, timachepetsa mikanda yonse yotsatira (mikanda iwiri). Tiyeni tisiye dzenje laling'ono kung'ambika chifukwa cha ulusi wa ubweya pansi pa mikanda.
Tikupitiliza kulembetsa. Ikakhala pakati pa mawaya am'mimba pamtunda umodzi, akupotoza malekezero a mawaya onse mu harness. Musaiwale kuwongolera riboni ya maluwa, pambuyo, ulusi wobiriwira. Momwemonso zipatso zambiri momwe zimatengera.
Pitani mumpheni wa mphesa. Timatenga waya 20 cm woonda. Timagwiritsa ntchito nthanda imodzi ndikupanga mpaka kumanzere. Musaiwale kusiya mchira wawung'ono. Mapeto ake a waya amapangidwa mu bead yemweyo, koma kumbali ina. Atavala mikanda iwiri ndikuchitanso. Kuchulukitsa mikanda yokwanira 2 (4, 6, 8). Mikanda 10 - kuchuluka komwe kuyenera kukhala mzere.
Atalandira izi, sinthani mikanda mu dongosolo lomweli. Ayenera kupanga Rhombus. Kawiri konse tinauza udzu kukhala mikadi yomaliza ndikudula. Dera limachoka pafupifupi 4 cm. Mukufuna rombos inayi. Momwe aliyense adzakonzekere, kulumikiza nkhope zawo pansi. Zonsezi: Kungotembenuza waya wowonda m'mabowo a mikanda yayikulu kwambiri, yolumikiza magawo. Penyani malekezero ndi ulusi wobiriwira ndikusiya pambali.
Pa kalasi iyi idayandikira kumapeto. Zimakhalabe ndi momwe mungasonkhanire tsatanetsataneyo limodzi. Phatikizani malingaliro anu ndikupanga. Ngati mphesa ndi gawo la maluwa, mutha kungotulutsa malekezero a waya kupita kumadera ena a kapangidwe kake. Mutha kupanga mtengo wa mphesa womwe ungathe kulowa mkati mwa chipindacho.
Kanema pamutu
Tikukupatsirani mndandanda wa maphunziro a vintage:
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