Pansi pa nkhuni, yokwera m'nyumba, nyumba ya dziko kapena zipinda zina, ndi imodzi mwazosankha zokhala ndi chilengedwe. Mwa zina, zophimbazi zimakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri ndipo zimamveka bwino, chifukwa chake limakhala lalikulu kwambiri komanso limagawidwa pomanga nyumba za dziko. Mtengo ndi chinthu chomwe chimabweretsa kutentha ndi kutonthoza kunyumba. Maukadaulo amakono amakupatsani mwayi wogula zokutira zosiyanasiyana zamatabwa, zomwe zimatengera bwino mitundu yokongola ya matabwa, monga mtedza wokondedwa, thundu kapena nkhuni zofiira.
Asanagone pansi matabwa, ndikofunikira kulingalira za dothi lomwe lili pansi pake ngati mulingo wapansi ndi wokwera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupanga madzi odalirika.
Monga mukudziwa, pansi kapena pansi yoyamba ili ndi choyambirira chomwe mitundu iwiri yokha ingakhale ndi zida: Matabwa ndi konkriti. Pansi panthaka lero amasangalala kwambiri, makamaka chipinda chapansi cha nyumba yotentha. Ponena za kuwerengera konkriti, kuli bwino kwa magarage, veranda, malo osungira ndi zipinda pansi mumsewu.
Pansi pa dothi liyenera kuyikidwa molingana ndi mtundu wanji wa dothi. Pali milandu yomwe dothi lam'madzi limakwera kwambiri kotero kuti dothi limanyowa kwathunthu. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale madzi apamwamba kwambiri, osadalirika komanso kukhulupirika kwa kapangidwe kake sikungatsimikizidwe kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, chofunikira choyamba komanso chofunikira kwambiri pansi panthaka uliwonse ndi dothi louma. Kuima pansi panthaka kumakhala kopindulitsa kwambiri, popeza ndalama zowonjezera pakugula zinthu zokwera mtengo sikofunikira. Zachidziwikire, kupeza kutentha ndi kuthira madzi, ndalama zimachuluka pang'ono. Koma mulimonsemo, zokutidwa ngati izi ndizosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo.
Wood pansi panthaka
Kwa kusokonekera kwa matabwa a ubweya wamchere, ndikofunikira kuti mupange madzi ndi mbali zonse ziwiri za kutentha.
Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa malo otseguka komanso pansi panthaka. Choyamba, iyi ndi gawo laling'ono pakati pa dothi ndi pansi - mpweya wokwanira. Kutalika kwake nthawi zambiri kumatuluka kuchokera pa 10 - 20 cm. Popeza zinali zotheka kumvetsetsa dzinalo, kusanjikizaku ndikofunikira kuti mpweya wabwino ukhalepo, ndiye kuti, chifukwa cha mpweya wopitilira mpweya. Ngati kutalikaku kumachepetsedwa, ndiye kuti kuyanika kwa kutentha kudzakulirakulira kwa kufalikira.
Zolemba pamutu: Masamba osiyanasiyana a aluminium a aluminium apanga chithunzi chatsopano cha nyumba yazaka zingapo
Kufotokozera mwachidule za magawo akuluakulu pansi
- Konzani choyambirira - izi zimaphatikizaponso kuyimitsidwa kwa dothi, zinyalala zouma komanso zolimba.
- Thirani wosanjikiza wotchedwa konkriti wakhungu.
- Pangani Chizindikiro - Pakadali pano, muyenera kukhazikitsa matalala ndikuwona kuyikapo matebulo a njerwa ".
- Kuti mugonekere konkriti pa konkriti yomwe ili pansi pa "magome ogona". Matebulo a bedi ayenera kupangidwa ndi njerwa yonse.
- Ikani kasupe wambiri wa khwangwala ndi mbawala.
- Ikani, ngati kuli kotheka, kuthina pansi pa pansi (dothi lonyowa).
- Povomerezeka, ndikofunikira kuphiri lamatabwa lophatikizidwa ndi antiseptic.
- Kuti mulembetse pansi, muyenera kuwonjezeredwa pakukhazikitsa slag m'mbali mwa pansi. Nthawi zambiri makulidwe a wosanjikiza amatha kufikira mita imodzi.
- Ikani bar yamatabwa pa magome a njerwa.
- Pamalo ogwiritsira ntchito ma board akunja ndi misomali.
- Kenako, mothandizidwa ndi mbale wamba yomwe mukufuna kugwirizanitsa pansi panthaka.
- Gawo lotsatira ndikuyatsa pamwamba, makamaka m'malo omwe mafuko a matabwa ndi misomali zipewa ndi.
Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi chipangizo cha chithandizo pansi pa malo a mitengo yamatabwa.
Makamaka mphamvu yofunika kuyandikira njira yopera yokupera, popeza pansi pansi zimadalira izi. Poyamba, monga tafotokozera kale pamwambapa, muyenera kuyenda mbewuzo pazovuta. Kenako, kugwiritsa ntchito pepala lakupera (sanspaper), pogaya ndi kupukuta pansi. Mtengowo uli ndi gawo losinthidwa pambuyo pa varnagnation (yotchulidwa) mawonekedwe ndi mtundu), motero atatha kupepera ndikupera kuti tikulankhula pansi ndi varnish wopanda utoto.
Ntchito zonse zapamwambazi zimatha kupangidwa modziyimira pawokha ngati muli ndi malangizo omveka bwino komanso zida zonse zofunika.
Zofunika Zogwirira Ntchito ndi Zinthu
Kugwira ntchito ndi matabwa okhala padziko lapansi, zida zina zogwirira ntchito zidzafunidwa ndipo, mwachilengedwe, zida zofunikira:- ndege;
- Elecrourovik;
- Wochita kapena jackhammer;
- Saber Santes;
- kugwedeza kapena kugwedeza;
- Screwdriver - makamaka ndi batri;
- Kubowola Magetsi;
- Plywood fsf;
- zotayika;
- othamanga;
- Magetsi matabwa;
- Matabwa a matabwa;
- nthunzi ndi zosafunikira;
- kufinya pansi;
- Kulembetsa nkhuni.
Nkhani pamutu: Kodi ndi mzati wamafuta ndi wabwino kwambiri: ndemanga za akatswiri
Zojambula zaukadaulo za magawo a ntchito
Monga mukudziwa, anthu omwe akudziwa ntchito yochititsa kukhazikitsa, siteji iliyonse yogwira ntchito ili ndi mawonekedwe ake. Chifukwa chake, kutsatira malangizo omwe kukhazikitsa magawowa kumathandizanso kugwira ntchitoyo bwino komanso mwachangu. Ponena za ntchito ku nyumba yake, ndiye, kumvera ndi kuleza mtima ziyenera kugonjetsedwa.
Kapangidwe kapansi ndi zotsatirazi: kokha, ndikusanjikiza wosanjikiza, madzi osokoneza bongo, kutentha kwa mafuta, chonyamula katundu.
Chojambula pansi pa nkhuni pansi.
Kokha - muyenera kuyamba kugwira ntchito ndi maziko apamwamba komanso owuma. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuchotsa dothi lapamwamba (pafupifupi 0,5 m). M'malo mwake, ndikofunikira kugona mumchenga wa makana. Atagona, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi wosanjikiza pogwiritsa ntchito vibulidwe kapena kusokonekera. Kwa shrinkage bwino, muyenera kuphika mchenga ndi madzi. Izi zidzasintha kukhala kwake.
Wosanjikizayo ndi wofunikira kuti agawire mogwirizana ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale pansi. Kenako, matope a malo amodzi angatenge kuwonongeka kwa zokutira kwathunthu. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma syrement 5-setimentry konkriti. Komanso, yankho lamakonolo ndilogona. Mtengo wa ntchito komanso nthawi yotsatira yake chifukwa cha izi zimachepa kwambiri.
Kupanda madzi ndikofunikira kuti muteteze kapangidwe ka chinyontho. Kuphatikiza apo, zimateteza mabakiteriya a pathogenic, monga nkhungu, kuvunda ndi bowa. Mabakiteriya oyipa samangowononga zokutira, komanso kwambiri kuchepetsa chitonthozo chifukwa cha kuchepa ndi kununkhiza. Zopangira zosakhalitsa, zinthu zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: polyester, phula mastic, pvc membrane, fiberglass.
Chojambula pansi.
Kutentha - kutentha kwakukulu kumadutsa pansi. Pofuna kupewa kuwononga kutentha, kusanjikiza kutentha kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ochepetsetsa. Pachifukwa ichi, liyenera: Clammit, polystyrene chithovu, polyirethane, thonje, ganyu, kutchova juga. Ndikofunikira kusankha kutentha kwa kutentha makamaka pamaziko a ndalama ndi zomwe mumakonda. Ngati pali ndalama zokwanira, mutha kukhazikitsa pansi magetsi ofunda kapena madzi. Kukhalapo kwa kutentha m'nyumba kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa chitonthozo ndi chitonthozo kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nkhani pamutu: Mitundu ya ma aluminium a aluminium omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga ndi kumaliza mipando
Chonyamula chachikulu ndicho gawo lalikulu pakupanga kwathunthu. Ndi zokutira nkhuni kuchokera pamtengo wina.
Kuyenda moyang'anizana ndi ngati zophimba zamatabwa sizingakonzedwe, mutha kuyikapo zokumana nazo pamwamba pake, ngakhale kuti mumayeserera zokutira ndi zinthu zokumana nazo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito njira ndi manja anu: kukonza zinthuzo
Monga tafotokozera kale pamwambapa, mapangidwe a pansi pamtanda panthaka ndi ofunda komanso ophatikizika. Njira yosinthira yokha ndi njira yotsatirayi.
Pofunika, ndikofunikira kuyesa nthaka kuti ikhale ndi mphamvu (kukonza nthaka). Pakachitika kuti mphamvu zake zikukayika, muyenera kuchotsa dothi laling'ono ndikudzaza ndi mchenga wosakanizidwa ndi pakatikati. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera yankho la phula komanso chotupa chabwino chonsecho.
Mothandizidwa ndi gawo lomanga, muyenera kukhazikitsa ma beacon ndikuwonetsa malo ogona "matebulo amtsogolo". Ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsanulira konkriti konkriti. Pambuyo podzaza ndi mulingo wophatikizika.
Magome a njerwa "osayenera kuchita kuchokera ku silikar njerwa ndi mwala wojambula. Iyeneranso kukhala mukukumbukira kuti kuyika matebulo "ogona" kumatha kuyambitsidwa pokhapokha kuyanika kwa owala. Kenako, ndikofunikira kuyika madzi osanjikiza ndi osuta.
Pamwamba pa matebulo a njerwa ndi osanjikiza madzi, ndizotheka kuyamba kukhazikitsa bar (ma lags). Kukonza iwo, adzafuna kudzisankhira. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuganizira kuti payenera kukhala malo aufulu mu 2 - 3 cm pakati pa makoma ndi ma lags.
Pambuyo pake, yambani kuyikira matabwa akunja. Matabwa ayenera kuthandizira pafupi momwe angathere wina ndi mnzake. Pazinthu izi, mapiritsi a mitengo amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Malizani ndi kupera ndikupukuta. Nthawi yomweyo, mawonekedwe enieni adzaonekera nthawi yomweyo (makamaka ngati ndi mtengo wotchuka).