Kusokoneza Ntchito Zomangamanga Ndipo kusankha zinthu zabwino kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa ntchito yabwino.
Ngakhale pambuyo pa kutha kwa kukhazikitsa, ntchito inayake ikuwoneka kuti ikuchitika bwino (chinthucho chili ndi mawonekedwe abwino), ndiye mu chaka chilichonse sichingasinthe kuti chisakhale chabwinoko, chomwe sichiyenera. Chitsanzo cha zochitika zoterezi ukhoza kukhala ming'alu imodzi mu pansi, zomwe zimayambitsa chivundikiro chonsecho, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti muwakonzere nthawi.
Zoyambitsa ming'alu
Nthawi zambiri ming'alu ndi zilema zimachitika mukamaphwanya ukadaulo wa kuzengereza
Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zomangamanga zimayeneranso kubereka manja awo, chifukwa ntchito yonseyi idachitika molingana ndi zikhalidwe zomangira, ndipo zotsatira zake zidakhala zosavomerezeka (zidasokonekera pansi).
Izi siziyenera kukhala, zikutanthauza kuti kupezeka pang'ono sikunachitike, zomwe zidachitika, ndizofunikira kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito mosamala komanso kuyeserera kugwiritsa ntchito konkriti kuphiri ndikusankha zinthu zogwirizana kuti ming'aluyo ikhale itawoneka.
Galimoto - gawo lofunikira la konkriti
Mpaka pano, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingayambitse kukwera pamwamba:
- Kusowa mphamvu pansi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito sitement-simenti yogwiritsira ntchito zowonjezera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipinda chikhalepo ndi chilema chonse (chinsalu champhamvu) chofunda (champhamvu), ndi ndodo za fiberglass, Chitsulo). Pofuna kunyalanyaza njirayi, pali mwayi womwe pansi chitha kusweka.
- Kukhazikitsa ma beacons ndi njira ina. Mukamapanga pansi, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti nthawi zonse sizimayenera kusintha ma beacon ndi Alabastrom kapena Sogyum Solution, popeza kusagwirizana ndi mayankho "kumatha kusewera nthabwala yaukali." Zipangizo zimakhala ndi chinyezi chosiyanasiyana.
- Yankho lolakwika. Chofooka chachikulu pakupanga yankho ndi madzi ochulukirapo. Pambuyo kuyanika chinyezi m'malo momwe chimawonekera, nthawi zambiri chimachitika muming'alu.
Tepi ya demopfer imafewetsa zotsatira za konkriti pakhoma
- Zosavomerezeka zoyeserera zakumwa. Kuphwanyira koteroko nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kuti ming'alu imapezeka mumiyala yotentha. Ili m'mawu oyamba kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamakono kuti mabwawo awonedwe, omwe ayenera kukhala 3-4 masentimita.
- Kusowa kwa tepi yodumphadumpha pamtima konse kwa chipindacho kumapangitsa kuti pakhale makoma.
Tiyenera kukumbukira ndikukweza konkriti yokutidwa ndi achikulire, pankhani ya kukhalapo kwa mawonekedwe ndi mawanga amomugeneous, ndibwino kuyika filimu yopanda madzi.
Popeza zophatikizikazo sizingayanjane, ndipo mpweya wa mlengalenga udzapangika pakati pawo, womwe umatha kusokoneza mawuwo.
Chifukwa chiyani mukugwedeza mkono mutayanika?
Kukula kwa mawuwo kuyenera kukhala osachepera 3 cm
Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti oyimilira ming'alu pakadali pano pakuwuma. Omanga ambiri, akupanga pansi, ndikukhulupirira kuti mlanduwu wamalizidwa kale ndipo wasiya kuwongolera kuyika konkriti, zomwe sizingatheke.
Komanso musanapange pansi, muyenera kuwerengera katundu. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa momwe kungokhalira m'chipindacho, ndipo ngati zinthu zazikulu komanso zolemetsa zidzayikidwa.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti gawo lovomerezeka la ma conletete pansi siziyenera kukhala zosakwana 3 cm (ndi "munda wofunda" ndi "kunyowa" kumangiriza dongo).
Kuphimba mawonekedwe owuma a filimuyo
Ziyenera kudziwika, chifukwa cha ming'alu iti imatha kupangidwa pansi konkire:
- Kuphwanya kutentha ndi chinyezi pakuyanika. Pali malamulo ena owumitsa mabwawo, malinga ndi momwe njirayi iyenera kupatsira kutentha kwa 150C mpaka + 250C, ngati zizindikiro zimapitilira kuthirira kowonjezera kwa chivundikirocho pansi (mkati Masiku 20).
- Chophimba cha Polyethylene. Mukamachita zam'madzi m'chilimwe, itathirira madzi, imatsatira gawo lonse la pansi kuphimba ndi filimu ya polyethylene. Njirayi yachitika kuti chinyezi sichinatulutsidwe.
- Sikololedwa kuthana ndi nyengo ya chisanu. Kuwala kokhazikitsidwa sikuyenera kunyamula, patatha masiku 3-4 patha kukhala madio ndi matabwa abwino kwambiri ndi 1 cm.
- Kuletsa kwa mpweya wabwino. Kuti omangawo asapangitse kukonza ming'alu m'mawuwo, pambuyo pake kudzaza chipindacho, ndikofunikira kutseka mawindo onse ndi kuchepetsa mpweya.
- Shrankage kunyumba. Akatswiri omanga amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu m'nyumba yatsopano (ngakhale ndi maziko osefukira) osasunthika osapitirira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo wabwino miyezi yonse ya 11-12. Pofuna kuti musakonze mabwalo ndi kutseka ming'alu, yomwe imapangidwa chifukwa cha zokoka za nyumba.
Muyenera kudziwa kuti malo osefukira osefukira sangakhale, mutha kupanga kapangidwe kake, komwe sikungafunikire kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse.
Pambuyo poponyera mawuwo ndikuphimba ndi filimu (patatha masiku atatu mutakhazikitsa), kutsanulira utuchi kapena mchenga, womwe sudzalola chinyontho. M'dziko lino, mawuwo ayenera kukhala masiku 11-14. Momwe mungapangire luso lakumanja, onani vidiyoyi:
Konkrete pansi
Zofooka zimapezeka pakapita nthawi (pokonzanso zokutidwa ndi zofunda), ndipo palibe amene amawapatsa.
Ngati mwazindikira ming'alu pansi, simuyenera kukhumudwitsa kwambiri ndi ndalama zosakonzedwa, chiwonongeko ambiri chitha kuchotsedwa popanda kuitanira akatswiri.
Kuyika ming'alu mudzafunikira chida chotsatirachi:
- Bulgaria;
- Wokongoletsedwa;
- Syringe yomanga;
- Ndodo yachitsulo;
- chikhomo;
- Zitsulo zam'madzi.
Musanaganize za momwe mungayandikirire ming'alu yowala, muyenera kudziwa chiwonongeko komanso kutalika kwa kung'ambika, kenako ndikusankha njira yokonza.
Kuti mukonze ntchito yokonzanso nyumba, ndikofunikira kugula kuchuluka kwa epoxy, primer, kukonza kusakaniza ndi mchenga wa quartz.
Kukonza ming'alu yaying'ono
Musanafike ku ming'alu yaying'ono, yeretsani pamwamba
Mukamakonza ming'alu yaying'ono, chinthu chofunikira ndikuyeretsa malo owonongeka. Pachifukwa ichi, zidutswa zonse ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndipo "poyambira" kuchokera ku stack iyenera kuchepetsedwa 1-2 masentimita, pambuyo pake zinyalala zonse zimatsukidwa ndi vatuum. M'mphepete mwa malo owonongeka kuyenera kukonzeketsedwa kwambiri.
Priner pamene owuma, malowa amaphimbidwa ndi guluu epoxty ndipo pambuyo pa maola 3-4 mu slot, yankho lokonza lingaikidwe.
Pambuyo osakanikirana ndi owundana, malo obwezeretsa ndikupukutira ndi kutulutsa mu gawo lonse.
Ming'alu yayikulu
Kukonza ming'alu waukulu kumachitika monga momwe kalelo, kupatula zida zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mukamakonza ming'alu yayikulu, ndikofunikira kuwona kaye ngati zingatheke kuwonjezera, ndipo chitsogozo chazomwe chimabweretsa chiwonongeko china. Kuti mumve zambiri pakukonza ming'alu, onani kanemayu:Malo owonongeka ndi makona akona (m'mphepete onse amakonzedwa ndi chopukusira mpaka 5 cm), pambuyo pake chimatsukidwa ndikuthira gululukulu ya epoxty (zigawo zingapo). Kenako mu zidutswa zocheperako za zingwe zachitsulo zolimbikitsidwa zimayikidwa, ndipo zosakaniza zosakaniza zimathiridwa.
Kukonza zigawo zotupa
Nthawi zambiri pambuyo pa nthawi yayitali mutakhazikitsa, zokambirana zolimbitsa thupi zimayamba kutupa, zomwe zimapangitsa mwiniwake kuwombera ndikukonza pansi konkriti.
Kuwala kwa nthawi kumatha kutseka chinyezi, ndipo malowa ayenera kuchotsedwa.
Malo owonongeka amadulidwa ndi chopukusira ku chopopera (mpaka 8 cm) ndikuchotsa zinyalala zonse, pomwe pamtunda umakhala pansi ndikuyika mawonekedwe a simenti. Pambuyo kuyanika, grout ndi kupukuta pamwamba kumapangidwa.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti malo ang'ono otupa amakonzedwa ndi njira ina. Bowo limathamangitsidwa pakatikati pa zotupa, zomwe zimadzazidwa ndi guluu epoxy kapena utoto.
Pambuyo pa nthawi inayake, mutatsanulira utoto, malo otupa apamwamba amachotsedwa (Chisel kapena chopukusira), pambuyo pake ndi nthaka ndikugwirizana ndi yankho.
Pofotokoza nkhaniyi, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti siziyenera kuloledwa kuoneka ming'alu ku konkreti.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kulabadira zofunikira zonse ndi nthawi zomwe zingachitike popanga chiwerewere.
Ngati zitachitika kuti panali ming'alu m'nthawi yake, ndiye kuti kukonzanso kwawo kuyenera kuchitidwa bwino, kuti abwereze mwambowo panthawiyo. Malangizo atsatanetsatane onani mu kanemayu:
Mutha kupanga nokha kudzilimbitsa nokha, chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira mndandandawo ndikugwiritsa ntchito ntchito za omanga sikufunika. Chifukwa chani, ngati zonse zitha kuchitika nokha, zochulukira kuposa msonkhano ndi kunyalanyaza ntchito za shymbeza zonenepa ndi zazing'ono. Izi zitha kuwoneka patebulo.
Nkhani pamutu: Timapanga bokosi la kompositi