Kuti apange maziko apamwamba ndi olimba pa malo omaliza omaliza, ndikofunikira kudziwa luso la kapangidwe kalikonse.
Kulemera kwa owala ndi kokwanira mokwanira, chifukwa chake kumakhala ndi kukakamizidwa kwakukulu pamaziko a kapangidwe kake.
Panthawi yomwe, osakaniza wosakaniza wokonzeka zomwe amapezeka pantchito, koma kuwerengedwa kumene kumachitika podziyimira pawokha, koma kuwerengera kolondola kuyenera kufotokozera zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kusankhidwa kwa zida ndi kukonza zosakaniza
Ma cps kapena stament-mchenga ndi yofunikira komanso yosavuta kutsanzira. Pamafunika mchenga, simenti ndi madzi kuti mupange. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zilizonse kumadalira mawonekedwe awo.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati simenti ya simenti m150 imatengedwa, ndiye kuti mchenga udzafunika kangapo. Ngati simenti ya m500 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza kusakaniza, ndiye kuti mchenga umatengedwa mogwirizana ndi 1: 5.
Chikwama cha 50 kg tengani makilogalamu 150 a mchenga
Kugwiritsa ntchito simenti ya Brand m 150 sikoyenera, chifukwa chifukwa cha zinthuzi zolemera 50 kg ifuna mchenga wa 150. Kuchuluka kwa madzi, zimatengera chinyezi cha mchenga.
Ndikotheka kukonza yankho lalikulu mwa kutenga:
- 1 thumba (50 kg) simenti;
- 15 zidebe zotsika (makilogalamu 150) a mchenga wowuma;
- 27 Malita amadzi.
Mawu oyamba kupangidwa kwa mchenga wonyowa kudzachepetsa kuchuluka kwamadzi mpaka malita 25.
Kuchokera ku kulemera kwa simenti-Sand kumatengera kukakamizidwa kuti padzakhala pansi pa kapangidwe kake. Chifukwa chake, musanapitirize kugwira ntchito, ndikofunikira kumveketsa bwino makulidwe a wosanjikiza.
Kuwala kuyenera kukhala makulidwe osachepera 30 mm
Ochepa ochepera makulidwe ndi 0,3 cm. Kupanda kutero, mutathira yankho, mawonekedwewo amaphimba ming'alu. Kuchulukitsa kwakukulu kofanana ndi 0,5-1 masentimita kumabweretsa kupitirira katundu wovomerezeka pansi.
Ngati mtengo uwu umafika 8-10 cm, kulemera kwa simenti yozungulira pa lalikulu likhala pafupifupi 150 kg. Sikololedwa chifukwa chake akatswiri amalimbikitsa kupewa kupitirira magawo a madongosolo.
Nkhani pamutu: Kodi mungatani kuti muchotse nyerere zazing'ono kukhitchini?
Kuchulukitsa kwa osakaniza kumatengera mtundu wa zinthuzo
Mukamapanga chowombera ndi sing'anga ndi makulidwe a 1 cm, kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kochepera 20 kg pa mita imodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, idzakhala kuyambira 15 mpaka 20 makilogalamu 1 cm.
Iyenera kufotokozedwa munthawi yopanga sitementi-banga, yomwe imatengera zomwe ma ambuye azisankhidwa ndi ambuye.
Pa gawo ili, zokambirana zagawidwa:
- Kuwala, kachulukidwe kamene kamapitilira 1400 kg / M³.
- Maubwenzi olemera omwe akuwonetsedwa ndi chizindikiro cha omwe ali okwera kwambiri kuposa 1400 kg / M³.
Ndi tekinoloji yolondola yotsatira mfundo za mchenga, malinga ndi mawonekedwe amchengawu, sizingapitirire malire.
Malinga ndi post 8736-77, mita imodzi ya mchenga iyenera kukhala yoposa 1600 makilogalamu, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ayenera kukhala 1550 mpaka 1700 kg / M³. Zambiri momwe mungapangire yankho, onani kanemayu:
Kuwerengera kumwa kwa zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zilipo komanso zomwe zilipo. Mukamagwira ntchito ndi simentart Brand M 400 pakupanga chingwe cha 3 cm m'chipindacho, malo omwe ali 50 myo, idzatenga simenti yambiri ndi mchenga, kuti mupeze zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuwerengera kosavuta:
- Werengani kuchuluka kwa mawuwo. 50 × 0.03 = 15 m³.
- Kuchuluka kwa chinthu chilichonse. Pakati pa gawo la 4: 1, 15: 4 = 3.75 M³.
- Buku la mchenga lidzakhala 3.75 × 4 = 15 m³, kuchuluka kwa simenti - 3.75 × 1 = 3.75 M³.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito deta, kuwerengetsa kulemera kwa mchenga - 15 × 1600 = 24000 kg, komanso kuchuluka kwa simenti - 3.75 × 1300 = 482kg.
Kuchuluka kwa madzi kumatsimikiziridwa pamlingo wa 0,5 malita pa simenti. Chifukwa chake, 4875 × 0,5 = 2437.5 malita adzafunika.
Kutsatira zikhalidwe zonsezi kumakupatsani mwayi wogwira ntchito kuti mupange ntchito yoyenerera ndikupanga maziko olimba komanso odalirika kuti mutsirize.
Ndondomeko Yochita Ntchito
Kuyamba ntchito ndikofunikira pokonzekera maziko.
Nkhani pamutu: kapangidwe koyambirira kwa 3-Samp mu mawonekedwe a amphaka kapena nyali zimadzichitira nokha
Chifukwa cha izi, pansi pake amayeretsedwa pansi pakale, kumasula chipindacho ku zinyalala zomanga ndikuwonetsa magetsi omanga, kudziwa zolimba ndi mulingo.
Makonzedwe a ndowa za mchenga ndizotheka m'chipinda chilichonse, kutentha kwa maziko momwe sikugwa m'munsi mwa +5 ͦcellia.
Atayika ma beacon, pitani kuzengereze kuchokera pakona yapamwamba
Kuwala kwa nyambo kumayikidwa pamasamba osafunikira, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito mulyethylene. Mphepete mwa canvas ali khoma kuti azolowere pamlingo wowonda.
Dzazani makosi kuyamba ndi malo ovuta kwambiri a chipindacho, koma ngati chitseko chaperekedwa, ndikofunikira kutero kuti chisatsekere khomo.
Pambuyo yankho likuumitsa, komwe ma beacoon adayikidwa, osakaniza okonzekera amathiridwa pansi, ndikudzaza ndi mzere umodzi. Pogwiritsa ntchito lamuloli, yankho lakelo limathetsedwa, ndipo chivundikiro choyambirira chidzakhala chokonzeka, pitirirani kuthira njira yachiwiri. Pambuyo pa maola 12, ma angalawa owala amachotsedwa, malo omwe akuti chifukwa amadzaza ndi yankho lomwe lidzatenge pafupifupi maola 15 kuti mutsanulire kwathunthu.
Tsopano amakonza chisakanizo ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito madandaulo omwe amagwirizana ndi grout. Zitenga zouma kapena zonyowa kapena zonyowa zokhala ndi mchenga ndi simenti. Pamalo pake ndi zida zapadera kapena pamanja, pogwiritsa ntchito munda kapena grater. Zambiri za njirayi yodzaza zoweta pa ma beacon, onani vidiyoyi:
Mukamaliza ntchito yonse, malo owoneka bwino amapezeka, omwe ayenera kuyikidwa ndi wodzigudubuza ndi filimu ya pulasitiki. Yunitsani mawu osachepera masiku asanu ndi awiri, pambuyo pake filimuyo imachotsedwa.