Pansi pa kukhazikitsa komwe kumapangitsa magetsi ndi elecsominets kunapangidwa ndi woyeserera waku Britain ndi wazakatswiri wa Michael Disk, yomwe ndi imodzi mwamitsempha yoyamba. Pambuyo pake, magetsi amagetsi anali otukuka nthawi zonse ndi theka. Osinthana ndi mitundu yopanda mafupa, gawo limodzi ndi zitatu, popanda kuwongolera ndipo zidapangidwa. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mitundu yonseyi?
Ma genechronous
Panjira yolumikizana, magetsi amapangidwa ndi zochitika zingapo za kusinthasintha kwa schoor ndi rotor. Mphamvu yamagetsi kapena emf imapangidwa pomwe munda wopangidwa ndi mitengo yamatsenga ya rotor imadutsa kuzungulira komwe kumayambira. Mu jereta woterowo, rotor sizambiri kapena maginito okhazikika kapena elecratomagnetyi yomwe imakhala ndi mitengo ingapo iwiri. Rotor awiri-mtengo, omwe ali ndi liwiro la 3000 RPM, amaikidwa mumitundu yosungira, ndipo mumitundu ikuluikulu yomwe imapangitsa magetsi kuzungulira magetsi 1500 rpm.
Pambuyo poyambitsa jenereta yolumikizira, rotor imapanga gawo lofooka, koma pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa zomwe zidasinthira kumawonjezeka ndi emf kumawonjezeka. Pazomera, kukhazikika kwa voliyumu kumayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina osintha okha (avr), omwe amasintha kayendedwe ka maginito nthawi ya magetsi kuchokera ku rotor kuchokera ku rotor kuchokera ku rotor kuchokera ku rotor kuchokera kutola. Pakagwira ntchito mitundu yozungulira, "nangula" pomwe, pomwe katundu watsegulidwa, jenereta akufooketsa ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi imagwa. Ndipo pakadali pano pomwe katunduyo waperekedwa, m'malo mwake, jenereta ndi yoyenera ndipo mphamvu imakula.
Ubwino wa ma genennchronous ndi voliyumu yokhazikika pazomwe, koma zovuta zawo ndizomwe zimatheka kwambiri, zomwe zimatheka pomwe katundu wake amakula, ndiye kuti, omwe ali pachiwopsezo champhamvu kwambiri ndi avr unit.
Jeneretous Jenereser ndi wokhoza kutulutsa mwachidule pakupereka ndalama zotere zomwe zingachulukitse mtengo wadzina. Popeza zida zina zamagetsi zomwe zimaphatikizapo matooni yamagetsi, compressors, mapampu ndi ena, kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa ma network, ndipo amathandizira pazakudya zazikuluzikulu komanso zakumbuyo zomwe zingakhale zosintha.
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Opanga masynchronous
Kusintha kwa rotor mu jereetors oterowo kutsogolo kwa maginito a exoniover, omwe amapangidwa ndi scanor. Makina opanga magetsi ngati oterewa amaphatikizapo zowola ndi mitundu iwiri ya mafunde - ozungulira ndi gawo. Mu jenereta ya Asynchroneus, mfundo yogwirira ntchito imakhala yofanananso ndi analogue wake - wotchulidwa amapanga kayendedwe ka maginito pamtunda, omwe amafalikira ndi rotor ndi mafomu payekha akuyika chizindikiro cha EMF. Koma kusiyana kwakhala kuti kuchuluka komwe maginito amachitika sikusintha, ndiye kuti kusintha kwake ndikosavomerezeka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuchuluka kwamagetsi kumathandizira, komwe kumapangidwa ndi osinthanitsa, ndi voliyumu, ndikulumikiza molunjika ndi rotor, zomwe zimatengera ntchito yokhazikika ya jenereta yamagetsi.
Osinthasintha asychronous amadziteteza kwambiri ku zomwe amachita kuchokera kunja ndipo ndizochepa kwambiri m'magawo afupiafupi, kuti akhale abwino pamakina owutentha. Izi zimayenereradi zida zogwirizira zomwe zili ndi zikwangwani (zokonda), zomwe zimasinthidwa ndi magetsi onse omwe amaperekedwa ndi makompyuta onse omwe amaperekedwa ndi makompyuta, khitchini, ndi zina zowonjezera, etc.
Kukweza Kwambiri (Kuyambira), komwe kumachitika atatsegulidwa, mwachitsanzo, kupondaponda zida, koma jenereta yamagetsi iyenera kupirira. Ndipo izi ndi zomwe - tikuganiza kuti muyenera kusuntha ngolo yolemera, yomwe imayikidwa pamalo oyimirira. Pofuna kusuntha trolley, ndikofunikira kuchita khama kwambiri, zomwe zimafunikira kuti zisunthe. Ndi zomwezo zomwe zimachitika pomwe mafiriji amayambitsidwa kapena magawano, magetsi amagetsi ndi mapampu aliwonse, chifukwa chake, okhawo omvera magetsi okha amatha kupirira nazo.
Matayala azomwe amapereka mu Gridi yapakati amalipidwa ndi choke kapena capoctors, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lowonjezereka la magetsi ndi zingwe zamagetsi ndi ma transformers.
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Osinthasintha asynchronous ali ndi vuto lalikulu - kuchokera ku katundu wowonjezereka. Koma, ngakhale izi, ndizosavuta kupanga ndi zotsika mtengo kuposa analog yolumikizana. Kuphatikiza apo, magetsi a magetsi a Asynchronoronous amapangidwa otsekeka, omwe amatha kuwateteza ku chinyezi ndi kuipitsa kwakunja.
Gawo limodzi ndi gawo limodzi-limodzi
Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti jenereta yamagetsi ndi yoipa kuposa gawo zitatu. Malingaliro a iwo omwe samamvetsetsa magetsi ndi osavuta kumvetsetsa - gawo limodzi lochepera atatu, chifukwa chake chikuipiraipira. M'malo mwake, sankhani pakati pa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zitatu ndi chimodzi ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pazosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito kumapeto.Generani yamagetsi yomwe imakhala ndi magawo atatu sikufunikira kudyetsa magulu atatu ogula okha, ndipo pofuna kudyetsa zida zitatu.
Zimachitika kuti mapangidwe a gawo la magawo atatu mnyumbamo amachitika m'magulu amodzi, koma ndizothandiza osati osaloledwa, koma zamagetsi, chifukwa ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri. Pafupifupi zida zonse zamakono ndi gawo limodzi, ndipo magawo atatu anali zitsanzo zakale zamagetsi ndi masitovu.
Maso pamagetsi a magawo atatu ali ndi zovuta zingapo zofunika - ndi mphamvu ya oyeserera, mwachitsanzo, 10 kW, mphamvu ya gawo lililonse likhala 3.3 kw. Pakati pamagawo, zomwe zingatheke kuti zitheke katundu sangathe kupitirira 25% ya mwadzina, yomwe ndi 1/3 ya mphamvu yonse ya jenereta. Kutengera ndi izi, jenereta imodzi yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 4.5 kw idzakhala yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa 10 pw.
Jenereta
Wosinthasintha ali ndi gawo lamagetsi lomwe limatha kuwonetsetsa kuti magetsi abwino kwambiri, popanda kuchepa kwa magetsi. Osinthasintha ali bwino kwambiri pazakudya zopangira ogula oterowo omwe amangofuna magetsi okha.
Dongosolo la Oneverter Communsioustoous wosinthitsira anthu amakhazikitsidwa ndi kuchita zinthu zitatu: amapatsa mphamvu magetsi poyerekeza 20 Hz; Kenako imapanga ndalama za 12 v; Kupitilira apo, kuwongolera kwatsatanetsatane kumasinthidwa kukhala mwatsopano kukhala ndi pafupipafupi 50 hz.
Mitundu ya inverler yagawidwa m'mitundu itatu ya magetsi otulutsa:
- Kwa mitundu yotsika mtengo kwambiri, yopsinjika imadziwika. Mitundu yotere imatha kudyetsa zida zamagetsi. Ogwirizana ndi mtundu uwu sakugulitsidwa, chifukwa umakhala wotchuka komanso mwayi wochepa kwambiri.
- Opanga pamtengo wapakatikati amatha kupereka chikopa cha trapezoidanal. Izi zimawathandiza kudyetsa zida zamagetsi zovuta, monga firiji. Koma kwa ukadaulo wozindikira kwambiri, magetsi amtunduwu nthawi zambiri amakhala osakwanira.
- Ndi chidwi chachikulu, malo abwino kwambiri pantchito za zida zilizonse zapangidwa - kuchokera kosavuta kwambiri kwa zovuta kwambiri. Magetsi osasunthika ali ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika ndikugwirizana bwino ndi magawo onse a magetsi, omwe amaperekedwa ndi ma netiweki apakati. Mtengo wa osokonekera ndi okwera kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina iwiri.
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Utoto wa inverter:
- Kulemera kakang'ono kwambiri komanso kukula kwake, ngati poyerekeza ndi opanga majeretsekiti omwewo;
- Phokoso lochepera pakugwirira ntchito, lomwe limakwaniritsidwa chifukwa chakuti liwiro lothamanga;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta pang'ono kwambiri, komwe kumakwaniritsidwa ndi kuwongolera kwamagetsi kwa m'badwo wamagetsi. Jenereta amatulutsa mphamvu zoterezi zomwe zimafunikira kwa ogula onse, ndipo ntchito yake imayamba kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka ndi kuchepa koyenera kapena kuchuluka kwa ogula;
- Popeza ndizokhazikitsidwa ndi wosinthitsira ena, omasuka amatha kuperekera mwachidule zida zapamwamba kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, m'magulu ena amisala omwe ali ndi "njira yochulukirapo", pomwe olowetsa amatha kupanga mphamvu ndi 50% kuposa mwadzina. Koma njirayi imatha kuchita pafupifupi mphindi 20-30;
- Kugwira ntchito bwino pa kulephera - pafupifupi maola 3,000.
Zovuta:
- Ntchito yayikulu yopitilira ndi maola 8;
- kukhala ndi mtengo wapamwamba poyerekeza ndi analogi osagwirizana ndi mphamvu zomwezo;
- Chipinda chamagetsi chamagetsi chimakhala ndi chidwi, ndipo kukonza kwake ndichabwino kwambiri;
- Mphamvu yayikulu mu opanga zamtunduwu ndi 7.2 KW, ndipo palibe zitsanzo zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.
chidule
Mitundu yonse pamwamba pa jermiser, kupatula invorider, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati m'mitundu yotsika kwambiri ya zomera zamphamvu, komanso muzakukulu zazikulu zomwe zimapanga ma megawatts am'madzi.