Makina amakono pansi ofunda pansi pa matailosi ali ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino, zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa kutentha kumayenda m'chipindacho. Mapangidwe a madziwo ndi osiyana, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala chubu chamadzi, chomwe chimakhazikitsidwa mwachindunji mu konkriti. Ndikofunikira kwambiri pamene kukweza makinawo kutsata momveka bwino ndi ntchito yotsatiridwa.
Ena amakhulupirira kuti zowala pansi pa pansi zimachitidwa ndi manja awo omwe akuchitika movuta, koma izi zimapezeka kwambiri kwa ambuye wina aliyense. Omanga odziwa ntchito amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma pulasitiki apadera ngati gawo la swala kuti lipatse bwino. Nthawi zambiri, kapangidwe ka m300 imagwiritsidwa ntchito powala, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi sandbet. Zinalinso zoyipa yankho, lomwe limaphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:
- simenti (mtunduwo sutsika kuposa M400);
- mchenga (kukula kwa tinthu tati 0,8 mm);
- pulasitiki (pamlingo wa 1 l pa makilogalamu 100 a simenti);
- madzi ozizira.
Kuwala kotere masiku ano ndi kutchuka kwambiri ndipo sikufunikira ndalama zambiri zachuma. Popanga osakaniza, muyenera kuwunikira mosamala kuti zisapeze madzi ochulukirapo ndipo palibe zotupa zomwe zatsala. Kusasinthika kwa osakaniza ophikira bwino amafanana ndi mtanda wambiri ndipo pang'ono adathyola malo osungika. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito osankhidwa kwa maola amodzi ndi theka, ndipo ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pansi pa chipindacho iyenera kuthiridwa nthawi yomweyo, osati m'magawo masiku angapo.
Kukonzekera kwa maziko
Musanayambe ntchito, ndikofunikira kupanga zofunikira m'chipindacho ndikukonza pansi. Kutentha m'chipindacho kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa madigiri 5 mpaka 15. Zovala ndi fumbi kuchokera pansi ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndi choyeretsa, kutsuka, maziko ake kuyenera kutsukidwa ndi sitanthwe.
Pambuyo pake, ndikofunikira kunyamula choyambirira cha maziko ndikupanga mipata yonse ndi njira zapadera. Ambiri amasunga wosanjikiza madzi kapena kuyika kwina, koma sikungachitike ngati tili ndi filimu ya polyethylene, yomwe imateteza mosamala pansi ku chinyezi.
Madzi amayandama kuti asasuke nokha
Pamwamba pansi pamanja amtsogolo ayenera kukhala osalala bwino. Mzere wapamwamba umayikidwa ndi chingwe chopukusira kapena hydrorem, ndipo chizindikirocho chiyenera kuchitika konsekonse. Choyamba, amapanga zikwangwani pamakoma, kenako kuwaphatikiza ndi chingwe kuti chopingasa chidzachitika, chomwe chidzachitika ngati malo oyambira osambira kuti pansi pa madzi ofunda amapezeka Pambuyo kudzaza.
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Makulidwe a konkriti
Miyezo yolimbikitsidwa imakhala ndi makulidwe a pansi ofunda pansi pa matailosiyo imasiyana mu 5-10 mm. Malinga ndi malamulowo, imayikidwa pamwamba pa mapaipi amadzi. Ngati pansi mchipindacho chikasokonekera kapena kukhala ndi zosafunikira, kutalika kwa mawuwo kumatha kukhala kovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina kumapitilira 20 cm. Komabe, musanapange yankho, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muchite nawo mphamvu, kutenga kuganizira zinthu zonse zofunika: Kutsatira kumbukirani kuti kuchuluka kwa chizolowezi ichi chingapangitse ngozi.
Kuti mulimbikitse zolimbitsa thupi, mawu oti amagwirizanitsa zolimbitsa zitsulo kapena fibrovolok. Filimuyo imatchedwa phulusa la polymemer ndi kuphatikiza ulusi woonda polyprophenene. Izi ndi zolimba kwambiri. Polimbikitsidwa, imagawidwa ndi mawu oti yunifolomu momwe tingathere. Masters odziwa ntchito amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito fibrovolok m'ma zipinda zimenezo pomwe zokutira zazing'ono zimakhutira.
Dongosolo lotentha pansi pa tayi
Manja amaikidwa pa chosanjikiza cha zokutira, chifukwa chake zomwe zimagwira ntchito yotentha. Malinga ndi miyezo yaukadaulo, kutalika kwake ndikofanana ndi mtengo wapakatikati komanso mtunda waukulu kwambiri komanso mtunda waukulu kwambiri kuchokera pansi mpaka zero.
Makulidwe a konkriti a konkriti ali ndi vuto lalikulu panthawi yowumitsa shred ndi kulimbikitsidwa kwathunthu. Akatswiri apadera amagogomezera kuti kudzaza kwamadzi ofunda kumaphatikizapo kukonzekera kwathunthu kwa maziko, chifukwa chake iyenera kukhala yolumikizidwa.
Momwe mungapangire kanema wa simenti wa simenti
Tekinoloje yozungulira yowombera pansi
Kuyambitsa ntchitoyi, malo okonzekera pamtunda wa masindenti 40 akuyenera kugawidwa. m. Chiwerengero cha minda chimatengera chipinda chachipindacho komanso mawonekedwe ake. Mbali ya minda ikuwonetsa komwe seams iyenera kuthamangitsa, yomwe idzalipirire kutentha kutentha. Ayenera kudzazidwa ndi zinthu zotsekemera kuti nthawi yotentha yamadzi mu kachitidwe komwe sanang'ambe zowonjezera kapena kutentha. Pazisozi zomwezo ndi zotulutsa ndi kudyetsa malupu otenthetsera. Kuti machubu awonongeka mwangozi, amatetezedwa ndi ntchito zosungidwa ndi manja apadera achitsulo.
Pansi pa bafa mchipinda chopanda ndi manja awo, kukonzekera kwa mawu
Gawo lotsatira mu kukhazikitsa kwa dongosololi ndikuyika malo omenyera. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mapaipi a ukadaulo amalimbikitsidwa kuti iyike masentimita 10 pakhoma, osati pakati pa chipindacho. Pafupi ndi chitseko ndi chotsegulira zenera, gawo limatha kuwonjezeka mpaka 12 cm. Kutalika, kutalika kwake komwe kumaposa 100 m, osavomerezeka.
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Kukhazikitsa ndalamazo kumatha kufanana komanso kuphatikizira. Kukhazikitsa kofanana ndi mzere wa pafayilo mu mawonekedwe a njoka. Tiyenera kudziwika kuti kumayambiriro kwa njoka iyi kutentha kumakhala kokwera kwambiri. Njira yogona ndiyoyenera kwambiri kuchipinda chaching'ono. Makonzedwe amtundu wa ma compel amatenthetsa chimodzimodzi m'chipinda chonsecho, popeza kutentha ndi kubwezeretsa machitidwe ochokera kumapaipi ena. M'chipinda zikuluzikulu ndibwino kukonzekeretsa pansi ndi mawonekedwe.
Wosoka amayika khoma pafupi ndi pansi ndipo amayikidwa mu nduna yonyamula. Mkati mwa nduna iyi, gwero lalikulu kutentha ndiloyenera ndi mapaipi otenthetsera. Chitoliro chokhala ndi madzi otentha komanso chitoliro chobwerera, chomwe pambuyo pake chizilumikizidwa ndi otola, nawonso kubwera pachipindacho. Pampu yozungulira imakwezedwanso, kupereka madzi ofunda munthawi yonseyi.
Kuwala pansi pamadzi ofunda m'bafa
Mapaipi aliwonse ayenera kukhala ndi Valve Valve yopangidwa kuti ipange dongosolo lotentha kuchokera ku dongosolo lonse lotentha. Wosonkhetsa amalumikizidwa ndi imodzi mwa mavuvu izi.
Pa gawo lotsatira lakokongoletsa madzi pansi, ndikofunikira kuthirira madzi amtunda wonse. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito filimu ya polyethylene ya aluminium. Ngati zakonzedwa kugula chithovu chapadera cha kuyika kwapadera, mbali imodzi yomwe filimuyi kuchokera kuluminiyamu imalumikizidwa, ndiye kuti madzi owonjezera sadzafunika.
Musanaganize komanso momwe mungakonzere pansi madzi ofunda, ndikofunikira kuyikira kusanjikiza kwamafuta ozungulira chipindacho. Kuti muchite izi, m'khola lililonse limagwirizanitsa riboni woyambirira, kusankhidwa komwe ndi kulipirira kukulitsa mphamvu motsogozedwa ndi kutentha. Pambuyo pa zotchinga zamafuta zikaikidwa, chiberekero cha fibeki kapena chidacho chimakhazikika pamwamba pake (chazitsulo zokhala ndi ma cell 10x10 cm ndi makulidwe a 3 mm). Pamwamba pa zolimbikitsa wosanjikiza, mabulogu okwera ndi machubu apulasitiki amaphatikizidwa.
Msonkhanowu mbale imatchedwa malo ogulitsira pulasitiki. Mu izi zimayikidwa mapaipi, omwe ayenera kukhala otetezeka. M'maso obwezera pa mizere yowonongeka, zinthu zilizonse zotanuka zimayikidwa. Pambuyo pake, ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito youtenthetsera ndi kamishina, kenako mutha kuyamba kugwira ntchito ndi konkriti.
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Madzi amathiridwa m'dongosolo, pambuyo pake liyenera kukhala pansi pa kukakamizidwa. Ngati nthawi ino kukakamizidwa sikusintha mwanjira iliyonse, kumaonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha kugwirira ntchito wamba.
Kuwala pansi pa dongosolo "pansi pamadzi"
Gawo la ntchito yantchito ndikudzaza dongosolo la konkriti. Mapaipi amadzi amadutsa m'chipinda chonse ndikuwotcha. Makulidwe a pansi ofunda sayenera kupitirira 7 cm. Chifukwa cha yankho, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito konkriti, omwe chilemba chake sichitsika kuposa M300. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti dzanja lisanadzaze, ziyenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi ndikuzibweretsa.
Thirani pansi pansi ndi matope a mchenga ndikofunikira pa kutentha kwa chipinda. Masters odziwa bwino potsanulira kutsanulira rod rod kupita ku ndodo yachitsulo chabe: motero ndizosavuta kupewa kuwoneka kwa mpweya.
Kuyeretsa Malamulo
Zotsatira zake, chisamaliro chosasamalidwa nthawi zambiri chitadzaza mabwalo, ukwati umapangidwa. Kwa zaka khumi zoyambirira, zowalayo ziyenera kukhala zikuthirira katatu patsiku. Njira yothetsera simenti imatha kukwaniritsa mphamvu zake zoyambira mwezi umodzi wokha, ndipo madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono. Ndikotheka kupatsa chowala ndi njira yachilengedwe pokhapokha simenti ikakhala yamphamvu. Pakatha masiku atatu, mutha kuchotsa zolembera zotsalazo, ndikuyandikana nawo, kuti anyengere yankho lake.
Zidzatheka kuyatsa makina otenthetsera osapitirira mwezi: nthawi ino, mawuwa amayenera kuyimilira kwathunthu, ndipo yankho lakelo likuzizira. Kotero kuti masikonowo saswa, kutentha m'dongosolo kumalimbikitsidwa kukhazikika pang'onopang'ono.
Pambuyo potembenuza pa kachitidwe, mutha kupitilira kuyika mwachindunji kwa matayala. Ndikofunikira kwambiri musanayambe kuyika tile, dikirani kuti apume kwathunthu. Pakati pakuyanika kwathunthu kwa zongolira kumene, ndizotheka kufikira patatha mwezi umodzi pambuyo podzaza. Kuti muphatikize matayala pansi otentha pansi, ndikokwanira kuyika chida chapadera chomatira.
Pansi pa bafa mchipinda chopanda ndi manja awo, kukonzekera kwa mawu
Madzi amayandama kuti asasuke nokha
Pansi pogona pansi posamba kuchokera ku z
Kuwala pansi pa dongosolo "pansi pamadzi"
Dongosolo lotentha pansi pa tayi
Kuwala pansi pamadzi ofunda m'bafa