Anthu ambiri amakonda kunyamula ndi manja awo. Kuti mukonze maziko a nyumbayo, tsanulirani timayendedwe, ikani mizati yazambiri, gawo loterolo limafunikira ngati chosavuta chonkriti. Pangani Chitsanzo cha Mafakitale Palibe mfundo chifukwa chikhala chokwera mtengo kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, kapangidwe ka osakaniza konkriti kudzakhala yankho lalikulu, chifukwa ndalama zake zolipirira sizingafunikire. Ndiye mumapanga bwanji chosakanizira konkriti? Chifukwa cha kanema yemwe wafotokozedwayo, mutha kuwona njira yonse yopanga zotere.
- 3.1 kupanga mphamvu
- 3.2 kukhazikitsa kwa maziko
- 3.3 kukhazikitsa injini
Kodi simenti ya konkriti yolondola ndi iti?
Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti yankho laling'ono limatha kusakanizidwa mosavuta ndi mafosholo. Komabe, chifukwa, chisakanizo cha mtundu wotsika kwambiri umapezeka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndizovuta kwambiri kusokoneza yankho mu fosholo. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sikuli kwaulere, chifukwa chake Zosavuta kukhazikitsa chosakanizira konkriti , yosungidwa ndi manja anu kuchokera ku mbiya. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati mumadana ndi kusakaniza kwakukulu, ndiye kuti kapangidwe kake kumabweretsa zouma. Njira yothetsera vutoli imayamba kutaya chinyezi mwachangu kwambiri kuposa nthawi yoti musinthe.
Konkriti ya zabwino siyigwira ntchito yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito kubowola. Mukazikonza pa bulaketi mu osakaniza pali zotupa zamchenga. Kubowola sikuyenera kupotoza, komanso kumayambiranso ndi mtsogolo komanso mozungulira. Nthawi zambiri chida sichimatha kuthana ndi magetsi oterowo.
Kuti mumvetsetse mfundo ya osakanizira chonchi ndi manja awo, omwe amapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito yaying'ono, ndikofunikira kuganizira momwe zinthu zimasinthira yankho. Pali njira zitatu:
- njira yokoka;
- njira yogwedezeka;
- Njira yochitira makina.
Njira yokoka. M'makampani, njirayi siyigwira ntchito, chifukwa simenti yomwe ili ndi simenti imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ochepa. Chifukwa cha kusakanikirana kokoka, chidebe chimakwera, zinthu zikuluzikuluzi zimayamba "kufinya" ndi kusakaniza mu misa yayikulu yopanda homogeneous.
Njira yosinthira. Ganizira Njira Yodalirika Kwambiri Konkriti m'mafakitale. M'baji yojambulidwa, mainjiniya wogwedezeka amayamba, ndikupangitsa kuti yankho lalikulu.
Njira yochitira makina. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zokongoletsa zokha. Nthawi yomweyo, kapena wosakaniza amayamba kuzungulira baji yokhazikika, kapena baji yokhala ndi ma protorions mkati mwazosintha.
Kupanga ukadaulo wosakaniza konkriti
Pali kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mayunitsi omwe amadzipangira konkriti. Mapangidwe osavuta kwambiri amatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku malo wamba a mkaka wamba, poto wamkulu, wotcherera wakale. Zojambula zake ndizosavuta, ndipo ukadaulo wopanga ndi wosavuta:- adawolola kuthekera kwa axis;
- Pachikuto, amabisa ndodo, chidutswa cha chitoliro kapena ziphuphu za mphira ndipo zimakopa chivundikiro kwambiri.
- Kuti musinthe kapangidwe kake Kuphatikiza sikugwiritsidwa ntchito , ndikudula mafayilo ankhondo kumaso ndikuyika nkhwangwa.
Kupanga othandiza kwambiri, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zojambula zina.
Magawo opangidwa ndi chosakanizira konkriti ndi manja awo
Kupanga Mphamvu
Musanayambe kupanga chosakanizira konkriti ndi manja anu, muyenera kusankha chidebe. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mbiya zachitsulo pazomwe zimatha kukwaniritsa malita osachepera 200. Ndendende Voliyumuyi imatengedwa ngati yabwino. Pofuna kukanda konkriti yofunikira nthawi. Ma tanks apulasitiki ali bwino osagwiritsa ntchito, popeza sakhala nthawi yayitali.
Popanga zosakaniza ndi konkriti, mbiya yokhala ndi chivindikiro ndi pansi zimafunikira. Ngati chidebe sichimakhala nacho chivundikiro, ndiye kuti chilandilidwe, kudula pepala lachitsulo. Pambuyo pake, zokhala ndi zingwe zokhala ndi zingwe ziyenera kulumikizidwa pansi ndikuyika mumimba. Kuswa kumadulidwa kumbali, komwe zigawo za yankho zimagona pambuyo pake. Bowo loterolo limayandikana kwambiri mpaka kumapeto kwa chidebe, chomwe mu njira yosakanikirana ndi konkriti chidzakhala pansipa. Gawo losungidwa la mbiya lizigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitoto chambiri. Imakonzedwa ndi thandizo la misika ndi chida chilichonse chotseka.
Kuti mupeze yankho bwino, masamba omwe amawombedwa pakhoma lamkati mwa mbiya pamtanga 30 mpaka 40. Kukongoletsa kumawerengedwa m'njira yoti konkritiyo 'ituluke' m'njira yosakanikirana. Kuphatikiza apo, zotere masamba amatha kukhazikitsidwa pamakoma , ndipo pamawu omwe chipangizocho.
Ngati sizotheka kupeza chidebe choyenerera, ndiye kuti chitha kupangidwa ndi manja anu. Pachifukwa ichi, zida ndi zida zidzafunikira:
- Chitsulo cha pepala ndi makulidwe a 1.5 - 2 mm;
- makina osokosera;
- odzigudubuza;
- Mabwalo kapena nyundo.
Musanayambe kudula chitsulo, Zojambula ziyenera kukonzedwa Ndi kunena za kukula komwe mukufuna. Kuti mupange mlandu wosakaniza konkriti, gawo lalikulu lozungulira lidzafunikira, pansi pa thankiyo ndi ma cones awiri ocheperako, omwe ndi gawo lotsika komanso kumtunda kwa kapangidwe kake. Zambiri zodulidwa pa chizindikirocho ziyenera kumenyedwa mu mphete. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuchita izi mothandizidwa ndi odzigudubuza. Pambuyo poyenera magawo onse a seams amawombedwa bwino.
Kukhazikitsa kwa maziko
Wokhala wosatsutsika wakunyumba ayenera kukhala ndi maziko odalirika komanso osakhazikika. Kupanda kutero, kapangidwe kake kumatha kutembenuka pakugwira ntchito. Ngati sichiyenera kunyamula konkriti lalikulu mu iyo, ndiye Pakatikati ndibwino wopangidwa ndi mitengo yamatabwa Kukhala ndi gawo la 10x10 kapena 15x15 masentimita. Pofuna kuti maziko a mapangidwe akhudzidwa ndi kugwedezeka, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi "mu Coutra" / "m'ngalawa". Pambuyo pa msonkhano, muyenera kudumpha mafupa onse ndikukoka zojambulazo.
Ngati mukufuna kupanga zodalirika komanso zolimba, muyenera kusakonda chimango chomwe Kukonda kuchokera kumakona achitsulo Kukula kwake sikumachepera 45x45 mm. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito chaserler. Ngati kulibe makina othamanga gasi, ndiye chimango chimakhazikika ndi ma rivets kapena mtedza wokhala ndi ma balts.
Ngati pali chikhumbo chotere, maziko akhoza kukhala ndi matayala. Izi zimafuna axis popanda mawilo. Chosavuta chonchi ndi chosavuta kutembenuka ndikuyenda. Kutolera maziko, ndikofunikira kupereka zokambirana. Ndi thandizo lawo, chipangizocho chitha kusunthidwa.
Pofuna kusonkhanitsa chimango chomwe chimapangitsa kuti injiniyo ikhale. Komanso Muyenera kukhala ogogoda Kotero kuti mukamatsitsa konkriti, kapangidwe kake sikungagule. Ngati mukufuna kutsitsa yankho ndi fosholo, ndiye kuti wotsutsa sangafunikire. Nthawi zonsezi ziyenera kuperekedwa pa zojambula.
Kukhazikitsa kwa Injini
Kuti apange singano yolondola bwino kwambiri, galimoto iliyonse yofunika, kuthamanga kwa kuzungulira komwe sikupitilira 40 rpm.
Masters ambiri akupanga kapangidwe kanyumba ndikulangizirani momwe mabwalo amagetsi kuchokera pamakina akale ochapira, monga "fupa" kapena "Seagull". Motors amatha kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali komanso osamvanso. Kusankha injini, ziyenera kukumbukiridwe kuti kuthamanga koyenera kwa kasuadi kuli 20 - 30 rpm. Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito ma gearbox osiyanasiyana. Komabe, njira yoyenera komanso yosavuta ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito kamba ndikuyendetsa lamba.
M'malo mwa injini kuchokera ku makina ochapira, Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njinga yamoto kapena mafuta opaka mafuta ogwiritsira ntchito mafuta. Pankhaniyi, chosavuta cha konkriti sichingafunike kukhala mphamvu ndipo chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi iliyonse. Phiri la injini limachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma bolts 4 ku bulaketi kapena chimango, omwe amawombedwa ku nyumba yamagesi.
Komabe, chosakanizira cha konkriti contrate chimatha kugwira ntchito ndi malamulo. Pankhaniyi, magetsi kapena mafuta azifunikira. Chipangizo choterechi ndi mafoni, osavuta kusonkhana, ndipo aliyense amatha kuzilamulira. Zovuta zokhazokha ndikupezeka kwa wothandizira kusakaniza yankho.
Pamapeto, shaft imaphunzitsidwa kupsinjika. Kuti chipangizocho chikhale chokhazikika kwambiri, liyenera kudulidwa munthaka pamadigiri 30.
Chifukwa chake, kuti mupange chosakanizira konkriti ndi manja anu, palibe maluso apadera omwe amafunikira. Njira zopangidwa bwino kwambiri zitha kuwoneka pavidiyoyo. Musanayambe kusonkhanitsa chida, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zojambulazo. Athandiza molondola ndikupanga mawonekedwe opangidwa molondola popanda ndalama zazikulu zachuma.
Nkhani pamutu: Sankhani chosakanizira cha konkriti kunyumba, nyumba +