Kuphatikizika kwa khoma kumatha kuchitika m'maukadaulo angapo, onse ali ndi zabwino zake, zovuta zawo ndi machenjera awo. Tekinoloje yotchuka kwambiri ndi malo otsika makoma ndi zowala. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwachangu kwambiri, chodalirika komanso chofunikira kwambiri, matekinoloje amagwira ntchito mogwirizana. Ndidzamuuza za iye m'nkhaniyi.
Zida ndi zida
Monga gawo lina lililonse lokonza, kuti azitsatira makoma ndi magetsi, muyenera zida zanu ndi zida zanu.
Mukufuna kuchokera ku zida:
- Kelma ndi chida chofunikira chotsatira ngodya;
- Halder - idzafunika pagawo lomaliza;
- Lamulo ndiye chida chachikulu cholumikizira makoma ndi zowala;
- Kuthekera kogwedeza kusakaniza;
- Kubowola ndi chosakanizika ndikofunikira pakukwera ma beacoon ndi kusakaniza osakaniza;
- Wodzigudubuza ndi burashi - amafunikira mu produng;
- Madzi kapena magawo okhazikika ndikofunikira pantchito yandege wamtsogolo.
Zipangizo zofunika pamakoma a khoma:
- Kusakaniza pulasitala;
- Primer;
- Matalala ophatikizira makoma;
- 8 mm Dowel;
- Zomangira - zimakhala zopukutira zokha.
Kuchokera pamasamba osakanikirana omwe nditha kuwalangiza nyimbo ziwiri, imodzi yokhazikika pa simenti, ndipo yachiwiri ndi gypsum ngati bander. Njira yoyamba, yomwe ndi mchenga wa simentale, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kupindika kwakukulu kwa makhoma, ndikotsika mtengo kuposa pulasitala pulasitala, koma nthawi yake imakhala yochulukirapo.
Kupatukana kosakanikirana kotengera pulasitala, mtengo kwambiri, komanso kuchepera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakoma okhala ndi zosafunikira. Chimodzi mwazopindula za kapangidwe kameneka chingatchulidwe kupukuta mwachangu, chifukwa chomwe kuthamanga kwa ntchito kumawonjezeka.
Zosindikiza za makoma ziyenera kuchitika kuti zisakanikisidwe, zimatsatira bwino kwa chonyamulira. Pali nyimbo zambiri zosiyanasiyana pamiyendo yosiyanasiyana, kuyambira konkriti ku zitsulo ndi nkhuni. Kwa choyambirira cha njerwa ndi konkriti, gwiritsani ntchito primer primer, kapangidwe kake ndi chilengedwe chonse, kapangidwe kake sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zachitsulo.
Kuwala kwa makhoma, 8 mm Dowl ndi zomangira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mtolo. Beakon ndiyofunikira pantchito ya ndegeyo ndipo imawerengera pophatikiza makhoma. Maulendo ndi zomangira zimafunikira kuti ikonze nyali ya nyali ndikusintha kalumba wake kukhoma.
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Kuyeretsa ndi kutsata makoma
Gawoli ndilo loyamba la ntchito iliyonse yokonza, pomwe makoma ndi "otchulidwa". Palibe chodabwitsa pamenepa, chifukwa choyeretsa pamwamba, chothandiza kwambiri chidzagwira ntchito ndi icho, kukhalapo kwabwino kwa nkhope.
Yambani kuyeretsa kumtunda kumayimilira magetsi m'chipindacho. Ndikofunikira kotero kuti chinyezi sichimataya khoma, ndipo kutsekedwa sikunachitike. Kuphatikiza apo, khoma lidzafunika kuwuma, ndipo ngati munthu agwera mwangozi kubowola, kudzakhala kosangalatsa.
Ngati mugwirizanitsa khoma m'nyumba momwe pamakhala kale, mutatha kusintha chipindacho, muyenera kutsuka khomalo kuchokera ku zinthu zakale ndi zokongoletsera, utoto, utoto wokongoletsa. Ndikofunikiranso kumanga nyumba yonse kuchokera kukhoma, ndipo ngati kukhulupirika kwa pulasitala wakale ndi yosweka ndi ziwonetsero zilipo mmenemo, ndibwino kuichotsa.
Ngati wakale wa pulasitala ali woyenera, ziyenera kusankhidwa kuti ziwonongeke kwambiri, monga tchipisi, zong'ambika, zomwe zimachitika, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika m'makona. Ngati pali zowonongekazo, ayenera kuchotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yocheperako. Yesetsani modekha zolakwika zonse, ndipo tiyeni tiume.
Pambuyo pa zovuta zonse zichotsedwa, mawonekedwe ake amayeretsedwa chifukwa cha zinyalala ndi fumbi, ndizotheka kupatuka khoma. Kuti muchite izi, tsanulirani wotsogola kuti asambe, husten odzigudubuza mmenemo, ndikuchotsa zochulukirapo, kupanga malo okongola kuti mulibe malo owuma. M'makona, m'malo modzigudubuza, gwiritsani ntchito burashi yokhwima, mothandizidwa ndi ingles ndizosavuta komanso zothandiza.
Kuti mupange zochulukirapo komanso zofananira, gwiritsani ntchito roller ndi chogwirizira cha telescopic, kuti mutha kuthira kutalika konse kwa khoma, osamangirira zipinda zonse mchipinda chonse.
Kukhazikitsa kwa Mayakov
Ili ndiye gawo lodalirika kwambiri la makoma ophatikizidwa makoma pa ukadaulo uwu. Kuchokera kuti padzakhala mulingo wa zowala, zotsatira zomaliza zimadalira. Chinthu choyamba kuchita kuti zikhazikike ndi zowala ndikulemba khomalo kuti musangalale mtsogolo. Pambuyo poti chizindikiro, pakona yomwe muyenera kubowola njanji yoyamba, m'malo omwe mumayika chizindikiro.
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Mabowo amachitidwa ndi kubowola ndikubowola, ndi mainchesi 8 mm. Pambuyo pake, masitolo apulasitiki amaikidwa m'mabowo. Ayenera kupita kudzenje, ngati simulowa, mutha kuwavuta ndi nyundo, koma mopepuka, kuti musaswe chipewacho.
Kenako, muyenera kupotoza zomata m'mabowo, ndikukhazikitsa milingo yofukula ndi zisoti zawo, ndi mutu. Ikani zisoti zomangirira nyali, ndikukhazikitsa chowomberachokha. Kuwala kwa nyambo yoyamba kumayikidwa. Kenako, chitani zomwezo pakona pafupi, koma osakhazikitsa beacon, siyani zomangira zokhotakhota.
Kukhala pakati pa zingwe zosiyana, pezani gawo lozungulira la khomalo, ndipo, popotoza ndi kuwononga zomangira, khazikitsani gawo lopingasa. Chitani zomwezo kwa zomata zapakatikati. Pa zomangira zotsalazo, khazikitsani zoyeserera ndi aluminium.
Mtunda pakati pa ma beacons akuwerengera kuti ziyenera kukhala 10 masenti ochepera kuposa kutalika kwa chida chomwe mukugwira, kuwongolera makhoma. Kwa ife, chida ichi ndi lamulo.
Ubwino wa njirayi yokhazikitsa ma beacon mu liwiro la kuyika, kuthekera kokonzanso kuchuluka kwa ndege ndi mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake.
Kutsatira pulasitala
Gawo la kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitala imayamba ndi kuswana kwa yankho. Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitala ya simenti, ndiye kuti mutha kusakaniza voliyumu yomwe yawerengedwa tsiku limodzi la ntchito. Ngati osakaniza amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamaziko a gypsum, ndikofunikira kukonza gawoli, pamlingo wa gawo limodzi la ola limodzi la ntchito, chifukwa pulasitalayo amagwidwa mwachangu.
Ngati chomaliza cha pulasitala chikuyenera kukhala chambiri choposa 10-15 mm, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuziyika m'magawo awiri. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito woyamba wosanjikiza, siziyenera kufikira ma angalawa 5-7 mm, pambuyo pa agala, mutha kuyikapo gawo lachiwiri, osayiwala isanakwane, gwiritsani ntchito primer yatsopano.
Ikani pulasitala pakhoma pogwiritsa ntchito lamuloli. Kuti muchite izi, ikani yankho pa chida pogawirana kalikonse. Tengani lamulo mwamphamvu ndi manja awiri, yolumikizira kukhoma ndikuwononga pansi kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi. Kuti mupeze yankho logona moyenera, pangani mayendedwe ang'ono kumaphwando akamagwiritsa ntchito.
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Mphindi yofunika. M'mphepete mwa malamulowo, mukamagwiritsa ntchito pulasitala, kuyenera kukhudza owala. Ndiye chifukwa chake amaikidwa m'lifupi, 10 cm kamwala kakang'ono ka chida ichi. Mukatha kuyambitsa zochulukirapo, ndipo wakwanitsa kupukuta pang'ono, mutha kuyamba kugwirizira ngodya.
Koma chifukwa cha izi, zosungunuka sizikuyeneranso kukhala zokhalapo, ndibwino kugwirizanitsa makoma ndi zowala, koma osati ngodya. Zoyenera pa cholinga ichi chidzagwirizana ndi kelma, anthu a lofiki. Pangani ma disitala ndi kusuntha kwa winina, kusalala pamwambakati mwa wosanjikiza womwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito kale.
Yembekezani mpaka khoma lonse litauma mokwanira, pokhapokha mutatha kuchotsa nyali zowala. Ingochitani mosamala kuti musawononge ndege yatsopano. Zoyendera zotsalazo mukachotsa zitunda kuti apange yankho ndi kubalalitsa.
Kumalizidwa Gawo
Pa gawo lomaliza, ndikofunikira kuchita ntchito yomaliza makoma. Pulasitiyo itatha, muyenera kuyendamo ndi theka, yokhala ndi pulasitiki yabwino ya khoma la plabard.
Kenako, muyenera kumamatira khoma. Matikiyo amayenda pafupifupi algorithm yomweyo ngati khoma la pulasitala. Komanso m'magawo awiri, malo osungunuka okha, Spulala yayikulu idzagwiritsidwa ntchito. Musanagwiritse ntchito, pakhoma, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito poyambira.
Woyamba wosanjikiza, amatchedwa wakuda, ali ndi makulidwe akulu kuposa wachiwiri. Ndikofunikira kuzigwiritsa ntchito ndi spathela yosiyanasiyana ndi kayendedwe kakang'ono. Nditayeza woyamba - mutha kugwiritsa ntchito omaliza omaliza. Ndipo khomalo liyenera kuthandizidwa bwanji ndi sandpaper kuti muchotse ndege mpaka pamapeto pake.
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kunena kuti miyala ya makoma mu ma beacon ndi njira imodzi yotchuka kwambiri yokonza zopindika za onyamula. Njira zina zilidi zabwino ndipo zimabweretsa zotsatira zomwezo, koma mtengo wa nthawi ino ndi ndipo, zowonadi, zida zapamwamba.
Vidiyo "Sinthani makoma kuti ziwalandire"
Vidiyoyi ikuwonetsa bwino momwe angakhazikitsire ma beacon momwe mungatulutsire ndege yopingasa komanso yofukula, komanso momwe mungapezere khoma lalikulu kwambiri.