Mu ndondomeko ya ntchito nthawi yaitali unsembe aliyense kukatentha, ndi kukatentha ndi kutentha exchanger nthawi zonse pokhudzana ndi madzi okhala wambirimbiri zinthu kusungunuka. Ndizinthu izi - mchere wachitsulo ndi zina - kukhazikika pamiyeso yotentha yamagawo, yomwe imatha kuyambitsa mapangidwe osafunikira.
Pali njira zitatu zotsutsirira boiler: hydrodynamic, makina, ovuta.
Scale chimaonekadi amachepetsa madutsidwe matenthedwe a dongosolo lonse, imbaenda ponso ndalama magetsi, ndi kuphwanya makope kabwino ka coolant kudzera kukatentha kwambiri.
N'chifukwa chake kusamba boilers ku sikelo ndi ndondomeko zofunika kwambiri kuti nthawi ayenera kuchitidwa.
Mitundu yayikulu ya boiler flausting
Kukonza chiwembu cha boiler.
Mu kusamba boilers, m'pofunika kumvetsa lonse osiyanasiyana zochitika, imene, mothandizidwa ndi njira thupi kapena mankhwala kuchokera kukatentha, ndi sikelo ofananira kwathunthu kuchotsedwa. Masiku ano, mitundu ikuluikulu iwiri imadziwika ndi: Kukonza ndi pafupipafupi. Ndi amatuluka zonse boilers ndi mbali ya kukatentha unsembe lonse, pang'ono lonse anakweza atachotsedwa. Ntchito yokonza imapangidwa kawirikawiri, ndiye kuti, pakakhala kuti, pakakhala kuti kuwulutsa nthawi zonse sikuthandizanso.
Ndi kutupa nthawi zonse palibe chifukwa chokana dongosolo. Kuchita zonse kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera. Chifukwa cha njirayi, ndizotheka kupewa kupezeka kwa kuchuluka kwambiri. Chifukwa chake mutha kupewa zochitika zadzidzidzi. Zonse ankatenthetsa boilers Nkofunika kuchita kuwononga makina, anagwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka mu kuthamanga mkati dongosolo chifukwa blockages. ankatenthetsa zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa pakatha zaka zingapo, koma pansi zikhalidwe za ntchito zonse dongosolo Kutentha, nthawi imeneyi tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kuchepetsedwa. Opaleshoni iyi imatha kuchitidwa pamalopo, yomwe imachepetsa kwambiri mtengo wogwirizira antchito.
Mukakonza, muyenera kufananizira dongosolo. Njirayi imachitika ngati ntchito inayake imawerengedwa ngati yosatetezeka. Chotero opareshoni nthawi umatulutsa njira thupi, koma ntchito kusamba mankhwala ndi zotheka.
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makhazikitsidwe Special ntchito boilers ankatenthetsa, kapena otchedwa boosters. Kukhazikitsa kumeneku ndi njira yokwanira yomwe ili ndi midadada iwiri. Ntchito ya booster yomwe ili ndi kapangidwe kophweka imakhala yovuta ndipo imafunikira kuti awerenge zinthu zazing'ono. Zinthu ngati izi ziyenera kuphatikizapo kuyika kwa kapangidwe ka kasuileyo komwe, komanso kuthekera kosintha magawo monga kutentha ndi kupanikizika koyeretsa mayankho mu kachitidwe komwe.
Mfundo yotsuka pogwiritsa ntchito boosters
Chiwembu cha chipangizo cha boiler.
Mfundo yoyeserera pogwiritsa ntchito ma booster ndi motere: Woyeretsa wapadera kuti asambidwe boloiler amathiridwa mu thanki yokhazikitsa. Kenako, chilimbikitso kudzera m'mabowo omwe alipo amalumikizidwa ndi kuyika kwa obowola, ndiye pampuyo imayamba kugwira ntchito, yomwe imasiyanitsa chida cha boiler. Njira iyi yothetsera mabatanidwe m'mbali zonse momwe zimasungunuka. Komanso, yankho lake lonse limachotsedwa ndi kukhazikitsa, zonse zimatsukidwa ndi madzi. Ndiye kuti, zitha kunenetsa kuti chipika chachikulu cha chitoto cha chilimwe ndi pampu yomwe imagwiranso ntchito yochulukirapo pantchito yotsuka antchito. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zina zimaseweredwa ndi gawo lofunikira: thanki ya zinthu zoweta, zotenthetsa (khumi).
Tank Hank ndi chidebe cha hermetic, chomwe chimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zosagonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala. Ichi ndi gawo lofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito thankiyo, chifukwa chidebe chimakhala ndi luso lawukulu. Pachilimbikitso kuyenera kupirira kutentha kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri zinthu zotenthetsera zimayikidwa mu thankiyo, zotenthetsera bwino zamagetsi. Ntchito yake imagona pakutentha kwa yankho la boalers mpaka kutentha ena. Ndi omwe zoterezi ndi Tanes ophatikizidwa kuti ndi dzuwa kwambiri ndi liwiro la ntchito.
Gawo lalikulu la kuyika uwu ndi pampu. Limapereka ntchito yotsatirayi: Kudyetsa yankho loyeretsa kuchokera ku utoto wa dongosolo lokha, kusintha kwakukulu m'dongosolo, ndikuchotsa madziwo omwe awononga madzi ndi gawo lotsiriza - ndikupukutira booler ndi madzi.
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Zotheka kuti Pampompompompompompompomphumphuka iyenera kukhala
Chojambula chopopera.
Kutengera ndi izi, pampu wolimbikitsidwa uyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Kuthekera kogwira ntchito mukamagwira ntchito ndi media. Pampu iyenera kuonetsetsa kudzipatula kwa madzi ankhanza ochokera kumalo akunja.
- Kuthekera kuwongolera kukakamizidwa. Mukatsuka obowola, mpweya wambiri umayamba kukhala wodziwika, womwe umayamba kuwonjezera kupanikizika m'dongosolo, kotero pampuyo kuyenera kukhala ndi kuthekera koteroko ngati kuchepa kwa kukakamizidwa.
- Pampuyo iyenera kukhala ndi ntchito yogwirira ntchito munjira yosinthira. Kusintha kumeneku kumafunikira kuchotsa madzi oyeretsa kuchokera ku dongosolo la boiler. Kuchokera pamayendedwe awa amatengera momwe ntchito yonse.
- Pampuyi iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi kupezeka kwamadzi. The ankatenthetsa chomaliza imakhala kuchapa dongosolo ndi madzi, wakudza kwa madzi chapakati.
Palinso zida zingapo zofunika (boosters). Mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsa kwa kuyikako ndi zotupa za boiler systems kuyenera kusindikizidwa kwathunthu. Kuphatikiza apo, yankho loyeretsa liyenera kulowerera ndale zisanakhalepo. Musaiwale za njira yachitetezo. Njira imeneyi akuti ndi kwambiri kothandiza ndiponso ndalama njira kwa kutsuka kukatentha.
Kukonza mwapata ma boiler kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakadutsa nthawi yayitali pomwe kukula kwa sikelo kumalepheretsa kufalikira koyenera kwa ozizira mu dongosolo lonse la boiler. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuwonongeka kwa boolers kuli okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa kutulutsa pafupipafupi, motero amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamavuto.
Njira zotsukira builer
Lero pali njira zitatu zotsuka zowombera:
- hydrodynamic;
- makina;
- Zokwanira.
Chiwembu cha mawonekedwe a boiler.
Njira yoyamba ndi yachitatu ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri. Ngati kutukuka pafupipafupi kumatha kudzipangira pawokha, ndiye kuti kukonza ndikwabwino kukhulupirira akatswiri, chifukwa pali chiopsezo chachikulu kuwononga izi kapena gawo la boiler.
Makina owoneka bwino a stailer system ndikuchotsa pamlingo kuchokera ku zinthu zodetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zawo pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera. Zitsamba zachitsulo kapena maburashi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zotere, komanso mitu yakunja ndi mpweya kapena magetsi.
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Ndi mawonekedwe awa, muyenera kumvetsera mwapadera kusankha zida. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti chiopsezo chowonongeka kwa boloni lokhala loyera. Izi sizingaloledwe, chifukwa njira yokongoletsa zitsulo za boiler system zimathandizira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuli kofunikira kutsatira malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito zida zomwe mwasankha.
A zochepa oopsa ndi chilolezo hydrodynamic wa boilers ku sikelo. Mu mawonekedwe awa, sikelo imachotsedwa m'magawo a boiler pogwiritsa ntchito ndege yamphamvu pansi pa kukakamizidwa kwambiri. Ndi zokolola zambiri pano kuposa njira yoyamba. Njira iyi ndi chilengedwe chochezeka, zinthu zowopsa zamankhwala sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito pano.
Pali njira yachitatu - yovuta kwambiri ya boulers kuchokera pamlingo. Apa, monga zikuwonekeratu kuchokera m'dzina, kuphatikiza kwa njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, kuyeretsa kwamakina ndi mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito povuta.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kutuluka kwa mankhwala kuli motere: magawo odetsedwa amatengedwa kuchokera ku stailer system ndipo amayikidwa mumtsuko wokhala ndi yankho la maola angapo. Kenako, amasamba pansi pa madzi othamanga ndikukweranso ku kachitidwe.
Zoyambira zamankhwala
Muzimutsuka ndi kukatentha ndi njira zochokera mchere, sulfure, phosphoric kapena asidi nitric: ali katundu mkulu zobwera chifukwa cha okosijeni. Kuti akonzekere izi, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa asidiyo m'njira inayake ndi madzi.
Ndipo collapsible, ndi imbeption mankhwala ankatenthetsa wa kukatentha kuchokera lonse ikuchitika mu magawo angapo. Aliyense wa iwo adzabweretsa Mlingo wowonjezera wambiri wa regin. Ichi ndi chifukwa mowa asidi: utithandize anachita ndi zinthu aphatikizidwa zikuchokera chidulo, asidi watha katundu waukulu zobwera chifukwa cha okosijeni.