Opepuka ndi gawo lofunika kuvomerezera aliyense womanga. Ndikofunikanso m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku: Ndi thandizo lake mutha kupachika chandelier, screw babu, pezani zinthu ndi Mezanine. M'madera adzikoli, mtundu wotere wa masitepe ndiwofunikira kwambiri - popanda iwo simudzatha kukolola, mitengo ya mbewu ndikupikisana ndi malo obiriwira. Makwerero a makwerero amatha kupangidwa ndi manja awo kapena kugula mu sitolo yapadera. Tsopano msikawu umapereka chisankho cholembedwa chotere ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kudziwa kusankha. Munkhaniyi tikuuza momwe angasankhire woyambitsa komanso momwe angamvere pakugula.
Njira yayikulu yosankha zopereka
Omaliza masitepe okhala ndi masitepe okhala ndi mafelemu awiri okhwima ndi ma hnging. Itha kukhala ndi zida za nsanja, zowonjezera ndi inshuwaransi.
Kusankha, njira zotsatirazi za kapangidwe kake kameneka kuyenera kufotokozeredwa:
- kudalirika kwa msonkhano (mtundu wa zomanga ndi zopangira);
- Kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito;
- kukula, kulemera komanso kumasuka kwa msonkhano;
- masitepe a chitetezo;
- Mtundu wa masitepe (kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe a anti-slint);
- Kukhalapo kwa zowonjezera zowonjezera (ma rugs a sefeleletric, hook).
Chofunika! Mukamasankha chopondera, chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku umphumphu wa kapangidwe kake - ndikofunikira kupezeka kwa ngodya zakuthwa, tchipisi, ming'alu, kusakhazikika, kusokonekera, burr.
Ngati mukukonzekera kupanga masitepe ndi manja anu, ndiye samalani ndi mtundu wa zinthuzo ndikutsatira molondola malamulo achitetezo. Chifukwa chake, nsonga (pamwamba pa theka la mita imodzi kuchokera) ziyenera kutetezedwa ndikukhazikitsa ma hairrails.
Chifukwa chopanga wodziyimira pawokha, kusankhaku kuli koyenera ngati masitepe onyamula ndi mtengo wa mtengo. Chinthu chachikulu ndikupanga chiwembu choyenera ndi kumamatira pazinthu zonse za ntchito. Kuti gululi likhale losangalatsa, gawo la masitepe silikhala loposa mamilimita mazana awiri ndi makumi asanu. Mapeto a ma racks tikulimbikitsidwa kuti awonjezere zinthu zapadera zothandizira pa mphira.
Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti nyumba zadziko lapansi yankho labwino kwambiri lidzakhala chingwe chosinthira. Kenako, timaganizira za njira yomanga zamtunduwu.
Nkhani pamutu: Kupanga masitepe olimbikitsidwa konkriti: kuwerengera, mawonekedwe, kutsanulira konkriti ndi manja anu
Ndi mtundu wa zomangamanga
Woyamba, kuchokera ku zomwe zikuyenera kubweretsedwa posankha chopereka kuti apereke, ichi ndi cholinga chake. Musanagule, sankhani chifukwa chomwe mungafunikire masitepe am'manja, munthawi yomwe idzagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya otembenukira ndizodziwika bwino: banja ndi akatswiri (kutengera mtundu wa kapangidwe kake ndi katundu wambiri).
Mahanga apakhomo ndi osiyana kwambiri ndipo sanapangidwe kuti azigwira ntchito pamalo okwera.
Pa kanema: Openya - kuposa masitepe aluso amasiyana ndi mabanja.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zimawerengedwa popanga zinthu, pamalo ogwirira ntchito, kutalika kwa malowa ndi magawo ena ambiri. Chilichonse mwazotsatirazi chimakhudza kusankha kwa mtundu wina.
Masiku ano, nyemba zotsegulira zitsulo zimadziwika kuti ndizodalirika kwambiri. Amagawidwa m'magulu awiri:
- Unilateral. Zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mdzikolo, izi zimadziwika kuti ndi mitundu yamunda, imasiyana pamiyeso ndi kusuntha).
- Mbali ziwiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri popanga, koma ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito kunyumba. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti anthu awiri atha kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo).
Komanso kudzipatula, kupukuta, kutaya, kumangoyenda, zosanja za m. Komabe, njira yoyenera kwambiri ndi omasulira. Mitundu yotere imakhala ndi miyeso yaying'ono, yothandiza kwambiri komanso yosavuta kuyigwiritsa ntchito. Ngakhale atakhala ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimapangidwa (nkhuni, chitsulo, chitsulo, aluminiyamu), ndi masitepe opindika komanso olimba.
Ndi chizindikiro
Masitepe onyamula ndi ofunika kwa inu kuti mukwaniritse ntchito iliyonse yomanga, ndipo idzakhalanso othandizira kwambiri m'mundamo komanso m'nyumba yakwawo. Masitepe opangira nyumba ndi njira yothandizira kwambiri kuyambira zonse zomwe zingatheke. Komabe, si aliyense amene angadziyikire pawokha. Tsopano m'masitolo ogulitsa mutha kupeza zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku matabwa, zitsulo ndi zophatikizika, koma momwe mungasankhire mtundu womwe mukufuna?
Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kupanga mitundu yonga "kwa Efil", "Krause" ndi "Bison". Zogulitsa zamitundu iyi zimadziwika ndi chiwerengero chabwino cha "mtengo-waluso".
Kutalika kwa tsambalo
Pansi pa kutalika kwa tsambalo kumamveka ngati mtunda kuchokera pamaziko kupita ku mzere wa masitepe. Nyanjayi imatha kusiyanasiyana, kutengera mtundu wa zitsulo zazitsulo. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti posachedwapa (ikhala yotchuka kuti ipange zinthu kuchokera ku zinthu zina (m'malo mothandizidwa).
Nkhani pamutu: Zoyenera za masitepe: kupanga zotetezeka komanso zabwino
Kutalika kwa tsambalo kumatsimikizika ndi cholinga cha malonda. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito masitepe munyumba yomanga, ndiye chizindikiritso chachikulu ndi mita iwiri. Pomanga nyumba yomweyo pa kanyumba, kutalika kwa malowa kuyenera kukhala osachepera atatu.
Kutalika kwa masitepe
Omaliza a aluminiyamu a aluminiyamu (pokonza nyumba, chifukwa cha ntchito ya m'munda) ali ndi masitepe anayi. Kutalika kotere ndikokwanira kuvutika ndi mavuto. Masitepe aluso amakhala olimba, olimba, koma olemera. Nthawi zambiri ndi mtundu wosanjikiza kawiri kapena otchedwa Ordiormers. Masitepe otere amakhala ndi zigawo zingapo ndikukhala ndi masitepe asanu kapena angapo. Pansi pa kutalika kwa mankhwala kumamveka ngati kutalika kuchokera ku denga ndi mita imodzi.Ndi zigawo zingapo
Monga momwe talankhulira kale, oyenda m'makeketsirani magawo angapo. Nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zachitsulo zamakatswiri. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi moyo wautali, mphamvu, kuphweka kwa msonkhano. Kutembenuka, masitepe a aluminium ndi ofanana, chifukwa omwe amakhala ndi ntchito yofananira.
Timagogomezera mitundu itatu ya Speraderdy:
- Gawo limodzi. Nthawi zambiri, awa ndi mitundu yogogoda ya masitepe ndi zopundula popanda ntchito.
- Gawo ziwiri. Makamaka yotchuka ndikuphatikiza mwayi wosintha masitepe okhazikika kapena ovomerezeka.
- Gawo zitatu. Zogulitsa zitsulo zoterezi zimakhala ndi ntchito zingapo zowonjezera, gawo lawo lalikulu ndi kutalika kwakukulu komanso kulimba.
Mwa kuchuluka kwa masitepe
Munda woponya mundawo umasiyana mu njira zingapo - mtundu wa malonda, kupanga zinthu, cholinga, kutalika kwa masitepe, kuchuluka kwa masitepe. Mitundu yopukutira ndiye njira yoyenera yothetsera nyengo. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti masitepe omwe ali pa makwerero amapezeka kuchokera kumbali ndi mbali zonse ziwiri.
Kugawika ndi kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe:
- Masitepe awiri kapena atatu. Awa ndi ovutikira tating'onoting'ono kapena achitsulo omwe amafunikira banja, nthawi zambiri zinthu zoyambira zoyambira mawonekedwe a chopondapo.
- Masitepe anayi mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Awa ndi mitundu yonyamula katundu kapena yachitsulo yomwe imayenereradi kugwira ntchito mchipinda chokhala ndi denga lalitali.
- Njira zisanu ndi zitatu ndi zingapo. Izi ndi zinthu zaukadaulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito yakunja.
Malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, musamasungidwe pakugula kwa olemba. Masitepe achitsulo ndi otetezeka kwambiri, odalirika komanso odalirika. Ngati mukufuna kamodzi pachaka kapena panthawi yokonza, ndiye kuti mumakonda zotsika mtengo - matabwa kapena aluminiyamu.
Nkhani pamutu: Kukhazikitsa masitepe pa Cossisters: Mapulogalamu ndi kuwerengera [zofunikira]
Pang'onopang'ono
Pansi pa ntchito yayikulu imamveka ngati kulemera kwakukulu, komwe kumatha kupirira gawo lakumwambalo, lokhazikika. Paramu iyi imatengera mawonekedwe a mtundu wa masitepe (kupezeka kwa mawilo, Zisindikizo pazomwe zimathandizira). Masitepe onyamula amapangidwira kulemera kwa munthu pafupifupi ma kilogalamu asanu ndi atatu. Zinthu zitatu-gawo zimatha kupirira mpaka makilogalamu zana limodzi.
Ndi zinthu
Zinthu zopanga zimakhudza kusuntha, kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsa ntchito, moyo wa ntchito, mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito masitepe. Odziwika kwambiri ndi chitsulo, aluminiyamu ndi mitundu yamatabwa. Komanso pamsika mutha kupeza zinthu kuchokera ku Duvingun. Opanga ena, kuyesera kupereka zinthu kukhala mawonekedwe achilendo, pangani njira kuchokera ku zinthu zina, ndipo magawo ena onse ndi ochokera kwina.
Mutha kupanga makwerero ndi manja anu, chifukwa cha izi muyenera kusankha pamndandanda wa zida, kupanga zojambula ndi kusankha zinthuzo. Ngati muli ndi luso logwira ntchito ndi makina owotchera, ndiye kuti simungakhale ovuta kupanga masitepe ozungulira a aluminium.
Njira yodziwika kwambiri yodzipangira nokha ndi masitepe a sewero a sewero.
Mwa kutalika
Nyumba ndi akatswiri ena akatswiri amakhala ndi kutalika kwa mamita asanu kapena asanu ndi limodzi. Masitepe-zingwe ndiophatikizika, kutalika kwawo ndi pafupifupi mamita awiri. Ponena za omasulira, kutalika kwa iwo kumatha kumasiyana ndi mamita atatu mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Atatu-sentrellies ochokera ku aluminium ali ndi mita khumi yogwira ntchito, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kugwira ntchito yokonza.Kudziko lopanga
Akatswiri amati kudalirika komanso chitetezo cha zinthu za ku Germany, komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ya Russian. Kusankha kwa masitepe kumatengera gawo la magawo. Ndipo kumbukirani kuti sikuti nthawi zonse masitepe okwera mtengo amadzipanga okha. Maudindo otsogola pamsika wa zinthu zotere amakhala makampani ngati "Elkop", "afano", "alumet", "Krause" ndi "pamwamba".
Mukamasankha masitepe, mutha kusokonezedwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, chifukwa omwe si akatswiri amakhala ovuta kuti amvetsetse zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi chinthu chapamwamba kuchokera kwabodza pamtengo wokwera mtengo. Kugula zomangira, samalani ndi mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake, pamaonekedwe ake komanso kusapezeka kwa ming'alu.
Masitepe abwino kwambiri ogwira ntchito komanso kunyumba (kanema)
Mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a zomangira (zithunzi 42)
