Chochizira cha dzuwa ndi mtundu wa otola omwe amasonkhanitsa ma radiation dzuwa, ndikusintha madzi otentha, ndikupanga madzi otentha kuti azivutika. Lingaliro logwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za dzuwa pakuwotcha madzi kwanyamuka. Chifukwa chake, chojambula cha chotenthetsera chamakono chamadzimadzi chinapangidwa mu zaka za XVIII ku Switzerland. Mpaka pano, njira yamadzi yotentha imadziwika kwambiri. Mtsogoleri wa Dziko Lonse pa kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kupanga kwa herlar heaters ndimwambo wachilendo. M'dziko lino, mabanja 60 miliyoni amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zotenthetsera madzi. Ndipo mu Israeli, 85% ya nyumba ili ndi ziweto za dzuwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumayendetsedwa ndi lamulo, komwe kwakhala kothandiza kuyambira 1976, ndikukakamizidwa kumanga nyumba pogwiritsa ntchito njirazi.
Chiwembu cha dongosolo la ometele.
Madzi amadzi ali ndi zabwino zambiri. Choyamba, amalola kuti asachotsedwe konse, ndiye kuti amachepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zachikhalidwe, monga gasi ndi magetsi. Kachiwiri, amachepetsa mpweya wa kaboni daoxide pafupifupi, molingana ndi mphamvu zofananira, zimachepetsa mphamvu yowonjezera kutentha.
Buck yamadzi otentha ndi manja awo
Chiwembu cha ma module a dzuwa.
Chotupa chofala kwambiri cha dzuwa ndi chisanu. Mutha kupanga dongosolo lamadzi lotere ndi manja anu. Ndikosavuta. Maziko ake ndi thanki yamadzi, yomwe imatenthedwa ndi radiation ya dzuwa. Ngakhale anali wokhazikika, kapangidwe kotereku ndi kokwanira kokhutiritsa kufunika kwa madzi otentha mu nthawi yofunda.
Choyipa chachikulu kwambiri cha njira yotentha ichi ndikuti, ngakhale atakhala kutentha kwambiri kwa madzi mu thanki masana (nthawi zina mpaka 45 ° C), imagwera usiku. Kuti muchepetse kutaya kutentha usiku, ndikofunikira kuti mupatse thankiyo usiku wonse, kapena phatikizani ma rennants a madzi otentha kukhala thanki yotenthedwa. Thumba lotere litha kukhala ngati gailers kapena yamagetsi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mabanja ambiri. Kusankha kwa boiler monga kuyendetsa kumayeneranso chifukwa pa tsiku lamitambo madzi mu thanki sadzatentha 30º, ndipo mulimonsemo umatha kutentha.
Kuchitenthetsera ndi manja ake kudzakula kukhala njira yodalirika komanso yachuma yochiritsa nthawi yachilimwe ndipo imalipira yekha.
Kusankha mtundu wa chotenthetsera chonchi, ndikofunikira kuganizira zovuta zingapo:
- kufunika kodzaza tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuphatikiza thanki;
- Pa tsiku lamitambo, madzi mu thanki sanatenthedwe pamwambapa 30º.
Zolemba pamutu: Sener Sensor: Momwe mungalumikizane ndi thermostat
Kukhazikitsa kwa thanki yamadzi
Njira yotenthetsera madzi Hidiosystem.
Pomanga thanki yamadzi yamadzi, tidzazifuna:
- thanki yotentha;
- bolale;
- Chitoliro chamadzi ndi nkhanu zitatu;
- Sensor yamadzi.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito thanki iliyonse ngati thanki yotentha: mbiya yachitsulo, cube kapena chitoliro chachikulu kwambiri. Komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kofunikira kwambiri kukhazikitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndi tank yapadera ya polyethylene ya moyo wa chilimwe wokhala ndi malita 300. Ili ndi mawonekedwe osalala, kulemera kopepuka, utoto wakuda, osati dzimbiri. Zonsezi zimapereka njira zokwanira kutentha komanso kusuta kosavuta ndi manja awo. Mapazi amadzi, chitsulo kapena polypropylene mapaipi ozizira ayenera kusankhidwa. Sensor yamadzi imalumikizidwa pa chivundikiro cha thanki ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera. Kuyika ndi kugwira ntchito ya dongosolo lino kukuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi.
Kudzaza thanki yotentha, ndikofunikira kutseka crane 3. Crane 1 ndi 2 kukhalabe pamalo otseguka. Pambuyo podzaza m'matumbo, kupanikizika kumayatsidwa ndi crane 1. Kumapeto kwa tsiku, madzi otentha amaphatikizidwa mu boiler potsegula foni 3. Ngati otenthetsa sakhala otanulidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito boiler munjira wamba.
Kutentha kwa madzi ogwiritsa ntchito madzi pogwiritsa ntchito osonkhanitsa dzuwa
Chiwembu chofunikira kwambiri ndi chipangizo cha batiri la dzuwa.
Ngati ngalande yamadzi ikangogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yofunda, ndiye kuti dzuwa lamiyendo limapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza kwambiri mphamvu ya dzuwa mpaka Okutobala. Dongosolo lotere limatchedwa chifukwa pampu sagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Kufunika kokoka madzi ndi boiler pamenepa. Komabe, kusungidwa kwakukulu kumawononga ndizotheka.
Chokulu chachikulu mu makina otenthetsera chamadzi ndi osonkhanitsa dzuwa. Kuti mukwaniritse ziwonetsero zokwanira magwiridwe a chinthu ichi, pamodzi ndi kudalirika ndi kuphweka kwa msonkhano, chidwi chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa kwa kutentha kwa kutentha. Kuchita kwawonetsa kuti mapaipi achitsulo kapena amkuwa ndi otentha kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi a pulasitiki azitsulo kumavomerezeka, koma minus yawo ndiyotheka kufalikira kwa kutentha kwa dzuwa, komanso mwayi wamadzi ambiri chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ngati palifiriji wakale, wosafunikira munyumba, m'malo mwa mapaipi mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njoka yake.
Msonkhano ndi kukhazikitsa kwa chotenthetsera chamadzimadzi chamadzi chogwiritsa ntchito khonde la m'munda ndi manja anu
Senteme wa Mphamvu Grid mukamagwiritsa ntchito mapanelo a dzuwa.
Kuchepetsa mtengo wa ntchito yomanga dzuwa ndikuchepetsa thupi, mapaipi achitsulo amatha kusinthidwa ndi mpesa wosavuta wa dimba, kupondaponda ndi manja awo. Ubwino wake ndi kusapezeka kwa mankhwala owonjezera, kuchotsa kutayikira, mtengo wotsika, kuthekera kotenga madzi kuchokera kwa osonkhanira mwachindunji pa mapaipiwo mwachindunji.
Nkhani pamutu: Kodi ndizotheka kujambulidwa kachilombo ka pepala
Pomanga chotenthetsera ndi dzuwa ndi osonkhanira kuchokera payipi ya munda wathu tidzafuna:
- Galasi lazenera;
- Nyemba za m'munda;
- Polypropylene kapena pepala la celcarbonate pamunsi.
Zinthu za payipi - mphira kapena ma pvc. Umodzi wamkati - osachepera 19 mm kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa kukana kwa hydraulic. Kukula kwa khoma la hose sikochepera 2,5 mm. Mukamasankha utoto kuti uzikondana ndi matani akuda kapena amdima kuti athe kutentha. Galasi iyenera kusankhidwa ndi zenera, osasankha zokutira, monga momwe mafilimu a polymer ndigalasi oundani sanachepetse bwino ma radiation, ndipo otchedwa i-Glag amawonetsera kanthawi kochepa. Mukamasankha pakati pa osakwatiwa komanso ochulukirapo, lamulo liyenera kutsogoleredwa ndi lamulo: ngati chofuna kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri munthawi yofunda, ndiye kuti mumakonda kupereka gloz ngati nyengo yozizirayo ndi iwiri. Kusiyana pakati pa thovu ndi galasi kumasindikizidwa ndi manja awo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito silicone, guluu wozungulira madzi kapena chitseko chosavuta. Mtunda pakati pagalasi ndi payipi ndi 1.2- 2 mm.
Mfundo yochitira ndi chotenthetsera chamadzi chonchi amagona mumsampha wa mafuta kulimba kwake. Monga maziko a chotentheka pamadzi, m'malo mwa pepala la thovu, chimango cha dothi lokhala pansi komanso chosanjikiza pakati pa pansi ndi otola mu mawonekedwe a zojambulazo ndi rug ya mphira yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kukhazikitsa kwa chotenthetsera chamadzimadzi chochokera ku khose lam'munda chikuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi.
Mukakhazikitsa chotenthetsera chamadzi, muyenera kudziwa ndi manja anu omwe boiler ayenera kukhala pamlingo wa 60 cm pamwamba pa nsanja ya dzuwa kuti apange mphamvu yokhazikika ya thermophone. Kutalika kwa chitoliro pakati pa otola ndipo boiler ayenera kukhala ofupika kuti achepetse mphamvu yamadzimadzi.
Chiwembu cha coil.
Kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa kutentha, zomwe zimachitika pampando ndi mapaipimu ziyenera kukhala zotsekemera. Pamitundu yotchinga minda, komanso magawo achidule a mapaipi, kusungunuka kwa madzi a polyethylene pazinthu izi kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pazomwezi. Pakutulutsa kwamafuta akunja ndi mapaipi oposa 3 m, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito thonje la polyuretherethane. Kulumikiza payipiyo pa mapaipi, malowo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mapaipi a mphira.
Choyamba muyenera kudzaza payipi ndi madzi ndikumasulira kuti: Timatseka crane 2 ndikutsegulira madzi owombera 1 1 pomwe thonje la mpweya limatha, Tidzazimiririka m'madzi a kukhetsa, timazindikira kuti palibe msewu wamagalimoto osoka. Kenako timatsegula crane 2, ndipo madzi ozizira pansi pa Thermosifone zotsatira umalowa mu otenthetsa. Kuletsa ntchito ya otolayo, kulimbana ndi crane 3. Kutha kwa chotenthetsera chamadzi chonchi ndikofunikira kutembenukira nthawi ndi nthawi kuti musunge madzi osanja 3, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bolufu kuti muchepetse madzi Mapeto a tsiku mumitambo nyengo ndi nthawi yozizira. Kupanda kutero, itha kufalikira.
Zolemba pamutu: Momwe mungachotsere mwachangu makoma a vinyl kuchokera kumakoma
Kuwerengera kwa ntchito ya chotenthetsera chamadzi
Kuwerengera magwiridwe antchito am'madzi opatsa madzi, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zifunika:- Muziwembuzi;
- kutentha kwa mpweya;
- Kuchuluka kwa maola okwanira nthawi yayitali.
Amadziwika kuti 1 m wa payipi, m'mimba mwake yomwe ili 25 mm, pa kutentha kwa mpweya +25 ºс (5 malita a kutentha kwa mpweya? +32 º Pamikhalidwe yomweyo, +50 º. Chizindikiro cha pachaka cha dzuwa la kuwala kwa Moscow ndi dera la ku Moscow ndi masana 155, poganizira masiku a mitambo. Chifukwa chake, kutalika kwa payipi ya panyumba 10 m muotolera, magwiridwe antchito. 3.5 * 10 * 5.5 = 192.5 L wa madzi otentha. Malire a m'munsi mwa mpweya wotentherera womwe ntchito ya otongoletsera ndi yothandiza, kodi + ndi + 1.0 ºс. Kutentha kumachepa, madzi kuchokera kwa otolayo ayenera kuphatikizidwa.
Kuchita bwino pogwiritsa ntchito chotenthetsera chamadzimadzi
Pali lingaliro kuti Russia sioyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa kuti muchiritse madzi chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Komabe, sizili choncho. Kuti mudziwe ngati azidya a dzuwa amagwira bwino ntchito zathu, tidzachita nawo lingaliro lotereli ngati kudzipereka (kuchuluka kwa mphamvu za dzuwa kugwa pansi). Kumalo ku Russia, kuchuluka kwa chimbudzi cha pachaka kumachokera ku 800 mpaka 1900 kw / m2. Kudera la Moscow, chizindikiro ichi ndi 1100 kwh / m2. Mwachitsanzo, ku Germany, wokhala ndi chizindikiro chofanizira chofanana, madongosolo oterewa amaphimba malo onse oposa 6 miliyoni m2.
Makina ophera dzuwa amagwira ntchito mokwanira m'makolati a dziko lathu wamba. Amatha kupulumutsa mpaka 60% ya magetsi. Malinga ndi kafukufuku yemwe adachitidwa ndi waku Germany yemwe amayambitsa sayansi yomanga, banja lalikulu la anthu 4 limadya pafupifupi 4400 kwh mchaka chimodzi. Mphamvu zoterezi zimatha kupanga ma module a dzuwa ndi dera la 34 m2 yekha. Ndipo ngakhale ngati chotenthetsera chamadzimadzi chidzimadzi chimakhala chowunikira chinsalu cha mafakitale, kusunga mphamvu kumakhalabe kowoneka.