Panthawi yomanga ndi kusintha kwa nyumbayo, mapaipi sagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula zakumwa kapena mpweya. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati akumanga - kupanga maziko a nyumba zosiyanasiyana, amathandizira ma calani, etc. Mukamasankha magawo a machitidwe ndi nyumba, ndikofunikira kuwerengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana za zigawo zake. Pankhaniyi, njirayi imatcha kuwerengera chitoliro cha chitoliro, ndipo zimaphatikizaponso zonse ziwiri ndikuwerengera.
Kodi mukufuna kuwerengera magawo a chitoliro
M'mayendedwe amakono, osati zitsulo kapena zitsulo zokhalamo zokhazokha. Kusankhako kuli kale - PVC, polyethylene (PND ndi PVD), polyproplene, chitsulo, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Amakhala abwino chifukwa alibe zambiri ngati ma analogi achitsulo. Komabe, ponyamula zinthu za polymeric mu mavoliyumu zikuluzikulu kudziwa kuti misa yawo ili makamaka - kumvetsetsa mtundu womwe ukufunika galimoto yomwe ikufunika. Kulemera kwa mapaipi achitsulo ndikofunikira kwambiri - kutumiza kumaganiziridwa pazakuti. Chifukwa chake gawo ili limawongoleredwa makamaka.
Zomwe sizingafanane zitha kuwerengedwa
Dziwani malo akunja a chitoliro chofunikira pogula utoto ndi mafuta opindika. Zinthu zitsulo zokhazokha zimapakidwa, chifukwa zimalowa m'malo mosiyana ndi polymer. Chifukwa chake muyenera kuteteza pamwamba pazomwe zimayambitsa matenda ankhanza. Amawagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri chifukwa chomanga mipanda, mafilimu, nkhokwe, ma cabins, cabins, kotero kuti zogwirira ntchito ndizofunikira, chifukwa mafelemu onse amafunikira utoto. Izi ndizofunikira kudera la utoto - malo akunja a chitoliro.
Mukamapanga makina opezeka ndi madzi kapena nyumba, matumba, mapaipi amayatsidwa kuchokera ku gwero lamadzi (bwino kapena) kunyumba - mobisa. Zonse zomwezo, kotero kuti samazizira, kutchinjiriza ndikofunikira. Werengani kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa chikhocho chitha kukhala malo olemetsa akunja pa mapaipi. Pokhapokha ngati kuti ndikofunikira kutenga nkhani ndi malo osungirako zinthu zakale - zolumikizira ziyenera kupitilira ndi malo osungira.
Zolemba pamutu: Momwe mungaphirire pansi: Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito jenda, sera ndi pine zokutira, pokonza nkhuni
Gawo la chitolirolo ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe zomwe zidatulutsa - ngakhale izi zimatha kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa madzi kapena mpweya. Pangopita nthawi yomweyo nthawi zambiri imafunikira posankha matope a kutentha ndi mapaidzi amadzi, kuwerengera magwiridwe a pampu, etc.
M'mimba yamkati ndi yakunja, khoma makulidwe, radius
Mapaipi ndi chinthu china. Ali ndi mainchesi amkati komanso kunja, momwe amakulirakulira, makulidwe ake amatengera mtundu wa chitoliro ndi zinthu zomwe zidapangidwa. Pamikhalidwe yaukadaulo, mainchesi akunja komanso khoma makulidwe amawonetsa nthawi zambiri.
M'mimba mwake ndi kunja kwa chitoliro, makulidwe a khoma
Kukhala ndi mfundo ziwirizi, ndizosavuta kuwerengera mkatikati - kuchokera kunja kuti muchotsere mabatani awiri: D = D - 2 * s. Ngati muli ndi mainchesi akunja a 32 mm, makulidwe a khoma ndi atatu mm, ndiye kuti wamkati udzakhala: 32 mm - 2 * 3 mm = 26 mm.
Ngati, m'malo mwake, m'malo mwake, mulifupi wamkati ndi makulidwe a khoma, ndipo mufuna - mtengo womwe ulipo, onjezerani magawo awiri opimbika makulidwe.
Ndi ma radioses (odziwika ndi chilembo r) ngakhale kosavuta - ndi theka la mainchesi: r = 1/2 D. Mwachitsanzo, tipeza ma radius a 32 mm. Kungotigawana ziwiri, timalandira 16 mm.
Kuyeza ma calipers olondola
Kodi mungatani ngati zaluso za ukadaulo mulibe mapaipi? Kuyeza. Ngati kulondola kwanuko sikofunikira, mzere wamba ndi woyenera, kumvetsetsa kolondola ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito caliper.
Kuwerengera kwapakati pa chitoliro
Chitolirochi ndi silinda yayitali kwambiri, ndipo malo a chitoliro amawerengedwa ngati malo a silinda. Kuwerengera, radius idzafunikira (mkati kapena kunja - zimatengera mawonekedwe omwe muyenera kuwerengetsa) ndi kutalika kwa gawo lomwe mukufuna.
Formula yowerengera mbali ya chitoliro
Kuti mupeze mbali ya silinda, ikani radius ndi kutalika, mtengo wake umachulukitsidwa ndi awiri, kenako - ndi nambala ya "Pi", timapeza mtengo wofunikira. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kuwerengera pansi mita imodzi, ndiye kuti zitha kugawanika ndi kutalika komwe mukufuna.
Nkhani pamutu: Makatani otchinga a bafa
Mwachitsanzo, timawerengera kunja kwa chitoliro chokhala ndi kutalika kwa mita 5, ndi mainchesi 12. Poyambira, kuwerengetsa mainchesi ndi 2, timapeza 6 cm. Tsopano onse a Makhalidwe ayenera kubweretsedwa ndi muyeso umodzi. Popeza kuderali kumaganiziridwa m'mphepete mwa ma squere, ndiye masentiter masentiwa amamasuliridwa m'gululo. 6 cm = 0.06 m. Komanso timalowetsa chilichonse mu formula: s = 2 * 3,14 * 5 = 1.884 M2. Ngati wozungulira, zisintha 1.9 m2.
Kuwerengera thupi
Ndi kuwerengetsa kulemera kwa chitoliro, chilichonse ndi chosavuta: muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mita yamagalimoto akulemera, ndiyechuluke kwambiri mpaka kutalika kwa meta. Kulemera kwa mapaipi achitsulo ali m'mabuku ofotokozera, chifukwa mitundu iyi yachitsulo imathera. Unyinji wa rose rose umatengera m'mimba ndi makulidwe a khoma. Mphindi imodzi: Kulemera kotheratu kumaperekedwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa 7.85 g / cm2 ndikowoneka bwino.
Kulemera tebulo kuzungulira masitayilo achitsulo
Pa tebulo d - m'mimba mwake, gawo lakumapeto ndi mmimba wamkati, ndi mfundo ina yofunika: Kugawidwa ndi 3% molimbika.
Mtengo wowerengeka
Momwe mungawerengere malo oyambira
Njira yopezera gawo lozungulira chubu
Ngati chitolirocho ndi chozungulira, malo okhala ndi mtanda ayenera kulingaliridwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe a malo ozungulira: s = π * r2. Kumene r ndi radius (mkati), π - 3.14. Zonsezi, ndikofunikira kumanga radius mu lalikulu ndikuchulukitsa ndi 3.14.
Mwachitsanzo, gawo loloza lipa ndi mainchesi 90 mm. Timapeza radius - 90 mm / 2 = 45 mm. M'ma centrateter ndi 4,5 cm. Timamangidwa mu lalikulu: 4.5 * 4.5 = 2.025 masentimita, timalowetsa munjira = 2 * 20.25 cm2.
Malo omwe ali ndi gawo pamtanda amawerengedwa ndi mawonekedwe a makona a rectangle: s = A * B, komwe A ndi B - kutalika kwa mbali ya rectangle. Ngati mumawerengera gawo la Mbiri ya 40 x 50 mm, timapeza s = 40 mm * 50 mm = 2000 mm2 kapena 20 cm2.
Nkhani pamutu: Momwe mungakhazikitsire ma beacon? Kukhazikitsa koyenera kwa nyanga pakhoma pansi pa pulasitala
Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa madzi mu bomba
Mukamakonzekera kutentha, mumafunikira gawo lotere monga kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe angafanane ndi chitoliro. Izi ndizofunikira mukamawerengera kuchuluka kwa ozizira m'dongosolo. Pankhaniyi, njira ya kuchuluka kwa silinda imafunikira.
Formula yowerengera voliyumu yamadzi mu chitoliro
Pali njira ziwiri: Choyamba kuwerengetsa malo oyambira (omwe tafotokozera pamwambapa) ndikuchulukitsa mpaka kutalika kwa mapaipi. Ngati mukuwona zonse malinga ndi formula, mufunika radius wamkati komanso kutalika konse kwa mapaipi. Kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi oyikidwa mu dongosolo la mapiko a 32 mita ndi kutalika kwa 30 metres.
Choyamba, tidzasinthira millimeter kukhala meters: 32 mm = 0.032 m, tikupeza radius (ganyu mu formulav v = 0,0241 m3. Zinapezeka = zopitilira mazana awiri a mita ya mkono. Koma tazolowera kuchuluka kwa dongosololi kuti tiyeza malita. Kwa mamita a ma cubic kuti adutse mpaka malita, muyenera kuchulukitsa magawo mpaka 1000. Ikukhalira malita 24.1.