Madsts a Auto amazichita nokha
Oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri amafuna kusintha mababu okhazikika mugalimoto pagalimoto. Ubwino wa omalizirawo mosakayikira kugwiritsa ntchito zotsika kwambiri, kulimba, kusinthika kwakukulu, osatentha. Ndizosangalatsa kusiya kukula komweko ndipo m'mawa kuti tidziwe kuti batire ndipo sankaganiza zotulutsa. Nkhaniyi ithandizanso m'malo mwa mababu owala matontho oyenda pamatontho omwe ali ndi manja anu ndikupewa zolakwika.
Chinthu choyamba muyenera kuphunzira asanapite ku njira yosinthira: LED si babu lakuwala. Samalani ndi kumvetsera mwachidwi, kukonza zida zamagetsi zagalimoto chifukwa cha zochita zanu zolakwika ndizosasangalatsa. Izi, komabe, sizimangochitika zokhazokha, komanso zomwe zimapangidwa ndi magetsi ndi magetsi, kaya ndikukhazikitsa njira kapena zizindikiro zowonjezera. Koma, ngakhale milungu ya mphika onga, palibe chomwe chimasokoneza m'malo mwake, aliyense wokhala ndi manja wowongoka akhoza kukhala nawo pawokha.
Akuluakulu Akuluakulu omwe tiyenera kuphunzira ndi:
1. Magetsi mu malo osungirako galimoto. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala 12 - 13 v yokhala ndi injini yokhazikika ndi 13 - 14.5 v ndi otumidwa.
2. Magetsi ogwiritsira ntchito a LEDORARDURARD ADURS NDI 3.5 V. Kutengera mtunduwo, izi zitha kukhala: kwa madzenje achikasu ndi ofiira - 2 - 2.5 v.; Za buluu, wobiriwira, woyera - 3-3.8 V. Zofanana ndi zamphamvu zamphamvu kwambiri - 20 ma, zamphamvu - 350 ma.
3. Sikuti ma LED onse, mosiyana ndi mababu owala, owunikira malowo okha. Izi zikuyenera kuwaganizira posintha nyali zowunikira, mwachitsanzo, mu dashboard. Mukamagula, muyenera kuyang'anira mtundu wa magalasi kapena, ngati mungathe, funsani wogulitsa. Madambo opanda chotseka amakhala ndi mandala ang'ono kumapeto. Mwambiri, yesani kuyang'ana pakugula, komanso bwino, kugula ndikuyesera zochepa.
4. Chitsogozo, monga batire, lili ndi kuphatikiza komanso kuchotsa. The msempha amatchedwa Catode, kuphatikiza - Theode, mu zojambula zomwe zimawonetsedwa ngati izi:
Chidwi! Muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti ingotengani ndikutembenukira ku gawo lagalimoto lomwe limapezeka pagalimoto - limatanthawuza kuti limatsimikiziridwa kuti limawotcha.
Mukufuna kuonetsetsa? Tengani ndikulumikiza zotsika mtengo zimatsogolera mwachindunji pa intaneti ya pa intaneti. Kuchokera kungopepuka. Adzawala bwino komanso utsi :) koma muwona zomwe njirayi ikuwoneka. Wokondedwa ma LESS amawotcha momwemo, kotero ndibwino kuphunzitsa zotsika mtengo.
Zolumikizira marowa
1. Mapanema a LED amagulitsidwa, omwe amatchedwa masango, adapangidwa 12V. Mutha kungowaphatikiza ku intaneti ya pa intaneti ndikusangalala ndi magetsi okongola. Koma pali chithunzi chosasangalatsa - pamene zolakwira za injini zikasintha, kunyezimira kwa luminosum kwa mawebusayiti kumasintha. Pang'ono, koma maso owonekera. Kuphatikiza apo, kwenikweni, ndizabwinobwino pamagetsi pafupifupi 12.5V, kotero ngati muli ndi voliyumu yotsika mu malo osungirako malo osungira, maguluwo adzawala. Masankhidwe opanga amakhala ndi ma LED a ma LED ndi onyoza. Pa madontho atatu aliwonse, wonyoza amatulutsa magetsi owonjezera. Tepi ya LED idakonzedwa mofananamo, kotero ngati mukufuna kudula chidutswa - yang'anani pa ribobon, ili ndi malo omwe angadulidwe. Nthawi zambiri awa ndi madongosolo atatu ofanana ndi onyoza ... pomwe iyo siyingaduleni :)
Nkhani pamutu: pansi yotentha pansi pamatamizira pansi ndi manja awo
2. Yatsani ziwonetserozi mobwerezabwereza, unyolo, ndiye kuti, pangani gulu lokhala ndi malo. Ndiye kuti, kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa wina ndi mzake, ndipo zotsalira ziwiri zotsala - kwa ma network. Tipanga mfundo kuti tikunena za ma andof oyera. Madontho a magetsi osiyanasiyana ndi osiyana. Ndiosavuta kuwerengera kuti kwa 12-16 V idzafunika 3 ma LED. Ndalama, adzapatsa 3.5x3 = 10.5 V. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kutsogozedwayo kuli ndi kuphatikiza. Kulumikizana kotsatira ndi pomwe kuphatikiza chimodzi kumalumikizidwa ndi zoyambira mpaka kumapeto kwa unyolo.
Koma sangathe kulumikizidwa mwachindunji, ndikofunikira kuyatsa mphamvu yayikulu ku unyolo wanu kuti mutembenukire pamlingo wa 100-150, ndi mphamvu ya 0,5 w. Otsutsa amagulitsidwa ku malo ogulitsira aliyense wa wailesi.
Njira iyi imavutika ndi zomwezo monga kale - kusintha kwamphamvu kwa kuwunikira kwa matontho. Yaying'ono koma yosasangalatsa. Komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito chiwembuchi mutha kulumikiza chiwerengero chilichonse cha ma LED powasonkhanitsa maunyolo 3 ma PC. Ndi wonyoza komanso kuphatikiza kufanana. Mofananamo, zikutanthauza kuti kusonkhanitsa maunyolo ofananira, kuphatikiza aliyense unyolo kuti mulumikizane ndi unyolo wina, kuchotsa - ndi zolumwa. Mwambiri, chipembedzo cha munthu wotsutsana chimawerengeredwa ndi lamulo la ohm. Koma ngati simuli mu freaks, gwiritsani ntchito lamulo losavuta: Ngati mungatsegule 1 ma OHMS, ngati awiri ndi awiri, ma LOMS atatu ndi madontho 30. Pankhaniyi, simungathe kuwerenga. :) Koma kutaya theka la ola limodzi kuti muphunzire njira yosavuta, muphunzira momwe mungasankhire malingaliro a otsutsa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ma ARS angawalire nthawi yayitali. Ndikutha kutsimikizira kuti simukufunika kukhala maphunziro, ndiyesetsa kuwonongeka mwatsatanetsatane komanso zomveka. Mudzafunikira:
1. Mphepo yamtengo wapatali, yapano komanso chida chokana, mu wambanda "kapena" multimeter ". Ogulitsidwa m'masitolo a Amateteurs, katundu wamagetsi komanso m'misika yaku China. Mtengo kuchokera ku ma ruble 50. Ndikupangira kugula digita, yomveka naye. Izi mutha kupanga zonse zofunikira, pokhapokha, phunzirani malangizo kapena mutu "wambiri chifukwa cha" ma Infiniter ".
2. Lamulo la Ohma Lamulo lankhani yamagetsi yamagetsi, ndiye kuti, chifukwa cha LED ndi kukana. R = u / i. Komwe kuli kukana kwa wotsutsa, inu ndi voltoge yomwe muyenera kulipira, i - mawonekedwe a unyolo. Ndiye kuti, kutenga kukana kwa cholekanitsa, muyenera kugawanitsa magetsi omwe muyenera kulipira kwa omwe akupezeka pano kuti apezeke.
Ganizirani chitsanzo ichi. Tili ndi choyera chophweka chopanda chophweka chomwe timafunikira kulumikizane ndi malo osungira galimoto. Mphamvu ya magetsi a LED ndi pafupifupi 3.5 v, pano - 20 ma.
Nkhani pamutu: Kodi ndizotheka kuyika linoleum yatsopano pakale
1. Onani magetsi pamfundo yomwe tikulumikiza. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kupsinjika mu intaneti pa intaneti ndi kosiyana. Pa betri ikhoza kukhala 13 volts, ndi ndudu - 13.5, etc. Chifukwa chake, sankhani pasadakhale komwe mungalumikizane. Yatsani chipangizocho ku magetsi muyeso ndi muyeso. Tiyerekeze kuti ndi 13 V. Lembani pepala.
2. Chotsani magetsi a LED kuchokera ku 13V (3.5v). Tili ndi 9.5 v. Zomwe zili mu formula zimalowa m'malo mwa Ampere, mu Ampere 1000 milliamper, ndiye kuti, kwa ife, 20 ma - 0.02 A. Kuwerengera Kukana:
9.5 / 0.02 = 475 mahm.
Pofuna kuthana ndi ogwiritsa ntchito, amathira, timawerengera mphamvu zake. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuchulukitsa magetsi kuti wotsutsayo watulutsidwa - 9.5 volts, pakadali pano, zomwe zimadutsa - 0,02. 9.5x0.02 = 0.19 watts. Ndikwabwino kutenga reser yolimba - 0,5-1 Watts.
Ndiye kuti, tiyenera kuuza wogulitsa mu wayilesi shopu ya wayilesi "Ndikufuna zotsutsana 475 ohm 0,5 kapena watt imodzi.". Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mwadzina ndi zina zambiri zokha, zowala zokha zomwe zidzakhalapo. Ochepera - adzawala, koma sangakonde.
Pogula zomwe mukufuna, kulumikizana: Kondwerani :) Pomaliza kuti mutsimikizire kulondola kwa kuwerengetsa, mutha kuyeza unyolo. Kuti muchite izi, tengani magwiritsidwe apakati muyezo wazomwe mukuyesa (onani malangizowo) mu kusiyana pakati pa kukana pakati pa kukana ndi kutsogoleredwa. Ngati malangizowo atayika - osati zovuta. Khazikitsani disk ku "10a", ndikusintha reac spec specket ndi siginecha "10a".
Ayenera kuwonetsa 20 miliyoni kapena kuchepera. Otsutsa ndi matizi anali ndi magawo a magawo, kotero kuti atha kusiyanasiyana, koma pang'ono. Ngati mtengo wochokera ku 15 mpaka 23 May ndi wabwinobwino. Mukamapezeka kwambiri, mtsinjewo ukuwala, koma nthawi yochepa ya ntchito yawo. Chifukwa chake, kwa mawebusayiti achizolowezi, osavomerezeka kukhazikitsa zomwe zili pamwambapa 20, 18m. Njira yabwino yosankhira kukana komwe mukufuna ndikugwiritsa ntchito mosiyana. Koma ndizovuta kwambiri :)
Zomwe zili pamwambapa zimalola kulumikiza kuchuluka kwa matope otsika komanso amphamvu, ndikokwanira kudziwa kupsinjika kwawo ndi zamakono ndikuziyika m'malo mwa njira.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kulumikizana mofananamo. Dode wamba wa mtundu uliwonse mu Polarity ndi, ndiye kuti, kachikacho cha chitsimikizo cha kutsimikizika kwa mawonekedwe a LED. Izi ziteteza kuchokera kutsogozedwa kuchokera ku Reserch Portim. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa magalimoto ogwirizana.
Kwa wofunsa kwambiri :) - Woyambitsa woyamba wa magalimoto
Chidziwitso china chimathandiza okonda okonda otsogola omwe adziwa kale lamulo la ohh. Palibe malire ku ungwiro, ndipo muli ndi zochepa chabe kuwunika ma LED - Ndikufuna kuti awalandire ngakhale, samadalira kuthamanga kwa injini.
Nkhani pamutu: Zomwe mungakhalire kukhitchini: mwina tepi yotchinga?
Kutembenukira koyenera kwambiri pa mandoms kumadutsa muyezo wapano. Chida cha LED ndi chipangizo cha semiconductor chomwe chimayendetsedwa ndi magetsi, osati voliyumu. Chifukwa chake, ngati mungakhazikitse ndi kuchepetsa zomwe zikuyenda kudzera mu izi, mutha kulumikizana ngakhale kuti kilovolt, yomwe idatsogozedwayo imawala. Ndipo mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito amatengera momwe LED adzawolopera popanda kutaya kuwala. Kukhazikitsa zomwe zilipo, zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zotchedwa madalaivala. Woyendetsa mosavuta kwambiri ndiwojambulira pa LM317 Chip. Ubwino waukulu wa chip kwa oyamba omwe amayamba kuwawotcha :)
Kuchita mantha? Palibe :) Mukuyenera, magawo awiri amafunikira - microctict yokha ndi magetsi atatu a voliyumu, yomwe timayatsa njira yomwe ilili, komanso yotsutsana. Pofuna kuti musalowe mu lingaliro, zochita zakezo zili ngati zotsatira - pezani zotsutsana ndi zotsutsana ndi 0,5 com. Izi ndi zoterezi ndi mfundo zitatu komanso masana. Monga microcrotit, imagulitsidwa zonse mu radiofano "yomwe ili ndi ndalama zoseketsa. Ndikotheka kuzindikira kuchokera ku zida zosafunikira panyumba konse. Tinkagulitsa mawaya mpaka pamapeto pake ndi imodzi mwazinthu zochulukirapo, zivute zitani. Tembenuzani zolimba ndi njira yoyeserera. Timalumikizana ndi mawaya ndi kuyesa kukana kwa wotsutsa. Kusintha kwa ndodo timatha kuwerenga kwambiri, ndiye kuti, 500 mahms (kapena kotero). Izi sizikuwotcha LED nthawi yomwe kutsutsana kolakwika kuli kochepa kwambiri.
Timatola unyolo. Chidwi! Kodi onani bwino kulumikizana kolondola musanalumikizane? Kufufuzidwa? Ndendende?
Chipangizocho chimatembenukira munjira zamakono. Kutembenuka kwa injini ya munthu wosiyana womwe timakwaniritsa umboni wa chipangizochi 20 ma. Thimitsani unyolo, kuyeza kukana kwa wotsutsa ndipo timachitapo kanthu mwachizolowezi ndi zomwezo. VIAILA! Mwangopeza driver wanu woyamba :) ili ndi malire aposachedwa mkati mwa 1-1.5 a, kotero mukalumikiza chiwerengero chachikulu cha ma LED: Choyamba, gwiritsani ntchito mphamvu yayikulu. Kachiwiri, tengani chip. Ngati otentha - ndi nzeru kuphatikiza ndi radiator. Musaiwale kuti thupi lagalimoto lili ndi magetsi ndi "minus" ya batire, ndi gawo lapansi la chip (thupi) lili ndi mwendo wake wachiwiri. Chifukwa chake, kuyiyika mthupi popanda kuwononga gasket - lingaliro loipa. Vuto lina - chipi chomwe chimachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe itha kuperekedwa pa LED, kwa ma volts awiri kapena atatu. Chifukwa chake, zoposa 11-12 Volts simukhala ndi driver uyu. Koma ndi lingaliro losavuta komanso loyamba la kulumikizana kolondola kwa maanters mgalimoto mudzakupatsirani :) Panjira, pa chip, mutha kusonkhanitsa gawo losinthika la 1.5-30 V., zomwe ndizothandiza kwambiri mgalimoto. Njira zophatikizira pa intaneti.
Mwambiri, ngati zonse zidakuchitikirani inu - kulandiridwa ku dziko losangalatsa la wayilesi la wayilesi, chifukwa simuli bwino kuyimitsa ...