Bafa - chipinda chomwe kutentha kwakukulu kumafunikira. Choyamba, kumamverera bwino, kwachiwiri, mpweya wofunda udzagwira chinyezi chochulukirapo mutasamba kapena kusamba. Kutenthetsa m'bafa kumapangitsa kuti musavomereze. Njira yodziwika kwambiri ndikukhazikitsa njanji yakale, yomwe idzalankhula. Kuti zinthu zonse zinagwira ntchito popanda mavuto, muyenera kusankha bwino cholumikiziracho, ndipo chikuthandizidwanso moyenera. Ndipo mu zonse zomwe muyenera kuchita nazo nokha. Kupatula apo, ngakhale mutapanda kuchita chilichonse ndi manja anu, muyenera kutsatira maulamulirowo. Izi zitha kutsimikizira kuti mudzasiya chowuma chokhazikika.
Kotero kuti chilichonse sichimangowoneka bwino, komanso kugwiranso ntchito popanda mavuto, muyenera kuyika
Ndi mapangidwe ati
Njanji otenthetsera mikangano ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Posankha, anthu nthawi zambiri amawongoleredwa monyenga, omwe samalungamitsidwa kwathunthu. Zidazi zimagwira ntchito ndi madzi osokoneza bongo, koma osati mitundu yonse imapereka kufalikira kotere. Ndi ena, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi nzeru, kufunafuna cholumikizira cholondola, apo ayi amangokana kugwira ntchito.
Chifukwa chake, njanji zonse zopumira zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi:
- Opangidwa kapena opangidwa. Mitundu yosavuta, kulumikizana kwa Elementary (Cholingana). Zoyenera, ngati mungapeze mtundu ndi mtunda womwewo wapakatikati mukasintha wakale. Ndiye, ngati muli ndi mwayi, simungathenso kukonzanso mapopi.
- Lestenka. Mapangidwe amakono ndi ena. Komanso kusankha bwino kuchokera pakuwona kwa hydraulics. Kulumikizana kungakhale pansi, mbali kapena diaponal. Koma sikuti musasankhidwe osasankhidwa, koma chifukwa cha nyengo (zomwe zimadyedwa, komwe kuli komwe kuli komwe kuli riser).
- Njoka. Mtundu wina wapamwamba wokhala ndi kulumikizana kwa mbali. Kukhazikitsa sitima yotentha yamtunduwu, monga lamulo, palibe mavuto omwe akuimira.
Mitundu ya njanji
- Mawonekedwe ovuta. Pali njanji zachilendo kwambiri. Amatha kukhala chokongoletsera mkati, koma kulumikizana kwawo ndi vuto. Monga lamulo, kufunsa kumafunikira kwa katswiri wodziwa bwino, kuwonongeka, komwe kumakhala koyenera mu hydraulics. Monga mukumvetsetsa, pezani izi - ntchitoyi siyophweka.
Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti atakhazikitsa sitima yotentha, imangogwira ntchito. Ngati cholakwika ndi chachikulu, wokwerayo amasiyanso kugwira ntchito yomwe imalumikizidwa. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudziwa ndikuyika malamulo.
Komwe kulumikiza ndi komwe mungakhalire
Mutha kulumikiza sitima yotentha yamadzi kuphika madzi otentha ndikutentha. Ngati pali onse azosankhazi, nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa ndi DHW. Pali zifukwa zitatu za izi: mavuto ochepa omwe ali ndi chilolezo cholumikizidwa amatha kulumikizidwa nthawi iliyonse pachaka (amagwirizana pa kasamalidwe kakuchokera kwa Riser ndi zonse) ndipo, koposa zonse, njanji yotentha imatenthedwa chaka chonse mozungulira.
Ngati DHW ilibe mnyumbamo, muyenera kulumikizana ndi mtsogoleri wotenthetsera. Izi zimafuna chilolezo cha code ndi polojekiti. Gulani njanji yotentha (makamaka kapangidwe kakang'ono), pitani ku HOB ndi pasipoti yake (kope), lembani mawu. Ngati lingaliro laperekedwa, ikani polojekiti (yikani kope la pasipoti ndi miyeso yolumikizirana. Kenako, malinga ndi polojekitiyi, mugwire okha oweta (opanga zopondera kuchokera ku Howeak, monga njira). Itanani wothandizira kuvomereza.
Kwa "tawuni" yotentha nthawi zonse komanso popanda mavuto, ma sitima onse ndi owongoka, popanda ma arc ndi matumba
Mukamasankha malo okhazikitsa tatel, mafunso akhoza kukhalabe ndi mafunso pazomwe ziyenera kupachikidwa. Ngati pali chisankho, ndizosavuta kukhala nazo kuti zili m'mutu komanso pansipa. Izi ndi ngati mumapanga njoka kapena njoka. Ngati tikulankhula za "makwerero" kutalika kwambiri, khomo lakumwamba silinakhale ndi dzanja lamanja (pafupifupi 190-200 cm).
Mukamasankha malo okhazikitsa thaulo, muyenera kuwerengera mtunda wopita ku Riser. Mwakutero, kuyandikira kwa wokwerako, kuli bwino kwambiri kugwira ntchito. Koma, ndizotheka kungonena za mita kapena kotero, pokhapokha pochita izi:
- Kukana kocheperako kwa kafukufuku wa owotcha (mawonekedwe osavuta ndi gawo 1 "kapena 3/4),
- kupanikizika kokwanira (2 ATM kapena kupitilira)
- Mapaipi a Liarmalow a mulifupi (chotsika chimodzi kuposa Riser).
Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa malamulo ena olumikizana. Kenako padzakhala mwayi komanso kuti chipangizocho chizigwira ntchito bwino.
Zomwe Mungapangire Maps ndi Momwe Mungasinthire Mphezi
Ngati mtsinjewo ndi wachitsulo ndipo simusintha, kukhazikitsa njanji zotentha ndi zotheka ndi mapaipi achitsulo kapena polypropylene. Ngati oyendetsa ndege amasintha (njira yabwino kwambiri) ndikuyika Polypropylene, palibe chisankho - machubu a PPT amapita ku mapompo. Polypropylene amatenga madzi otentha, bwino - wolimbikitsa wa fiberglass.
Chifukwa chiyani simugwirizana ndi pulasitiki yachitsulo? Chifukwa ali ndi zoyezera ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu a limen. Zimakhudza kuzungulira koopsa. Zotsatira zake, ngakhale njira zokwanira 100% sizimapereka kutentha.
Kukhazikitsa njanji yopukutira ndi machubu a poloplephane
Pang'ono chifukwa chovuta kwambiri. Ndizomveka kuchita m'nyumba zakale zikakonzedwa m'bafa kapena bafa (kutengera komwe muli ndi kuyimirira). Choyamba, mapaipi nthawi zambiri amakhala okalamba. Ngakhale kuchotsedwako kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Kachiwiri, kukonza kwamakono kumaphatikizanso mafuta obisika a kulumikizana ndipo inunso mukufuna kutseka Riser. Gwirani chubu chakale, ndipo patatha zaka zingapo zonse zimabwerezedwanso ... osati yankho labwino.
Pang'ono za momwe mungasinthire. Muyenera kuvomereza ndi oyandikana nawo kuchokera pansipa ndipo kuchokera kumwamba, komanso ndi jcec (dez, cc). Ndi oyandikana nawo omwe mudzadula wokwerayo ndi ulusi, khazikitsani watsopano. Chifukwa chiyani ali nawo? Chifukwa siyani chitoliro chakale mu chofiyira ndi chowopsa: kugwa ndikuyenda. Madzi osefukira kapena oyandikana nawo pansipa. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kupyola mumbale kuti mudutse chitoliro chatsopano.
Ndi kulumikizana koteroko, wowuma ndi gawo la phompho ndipo palibe makola
Pokonzekera kapena ayi ndi oyandikana nawo (amatha kukhala ndi mfuti yotsekedwa) Pitani ku Hos ndikugwirizana pa tsiku losinthidwa ndi nthawi yomwe Riser adazimitsidwa. Malo ogona ang'onoang'ono amatha kugwira ntchito, inu nokha (pamaso pa ziyeneretso za wokondedwa) kapena anthu omwe mumalemba nawo. Pambuyo pa kulowetsa, madzi akuphatikizapo, mumayang'ana luso la thaulo lotentha ndi kachitidwenthu wonse. Ngati mphindi 30 sizimayamba kuzizira, ndiye kuti zimaperekedwa molondola. Pa izi, zomwe zimasinthidwa kapena kukhazikitsa njanji zotentha zatha.
Ndi kudutsa kapena popanda
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zomwe zikufika. Jumper iyi pakati pa zojambulazo ndi kutulutsa kwa chipangizocho, komwe kumatsimikizira kufalikira kwa madzi pomwe chidacho chikatulutsa kapena kusanja kwake.
Jumper pakati pa khomo ndi kutulutsa sitima ya tawulo ndipo pali kudutsa
Ngati pali kudutsa ndi chithunzi, mutha kukhazikitsa mavesi otsekera pamtunda ndikutulutsa chipangizocho. Izi ndizovuta - mutha kuletsa ngati pakufunika (pokonza kapena kusinthanso mtunda wonsewo.
Ngati palibe jumper yotereyi, ndizosatheka kukhazikitsa nkhanu iliyonse. Pankhaniyi, sitima yotentha ili ndi gawo la wokwera, kutsitsa makomwenu mukupambana mphesa.
Mukalumikizidwa popanda kudutsa, palibe makola
Bypass ikhoza kukhala yachindunji (monga pachithunzi choyamba m'mutu) kapena yosungunuka (chithunzi pansipa). Jumper yochotsedwayo imakhazikika pamwamba pa chakudya chozizira cha kugwirira ntchito (kufalikira kwasintha). Pamadomu pansi, zoyeserera zimangosokoneza. Ngati simukudziwa komwe madzi amatumizidwa, ndibwino kuti mupange kuyamwa.
Kutalika kwapakati pa zokolola zozizira kumapangitsa kufafaniza
Zambiri zam'magazi (zowongoka kapena zosanja) zimapangidwa zokha. Kugulitsa, komanso zoyesererazo zimapangitsa kufalitsidwa, koma pankhani ya chakudya chapamwamba. Zosaka zimapanga chitoliro chomwe chimakhala chocheperako kuposa chimodzi (ngati maiko ali mainchesi, malo opapatiza amapangidwa 3/4 "). Zosatheka. Kukula kwa Enter ndi osachepera 10 cm.
Kamodzinso: Kusakazidwa ndi / kapena kutsitsidwa kwapakati kumagwira ntchito pamwamba pa madzi. Pansi pake imalepheretsa kufalitsidwa. Ngati simukutsimikiza, patsani molunjika ndi zoopsa.
Ndimosatheka kuyika nkhata pamwala. Chuma chilichonse chimakhala chovuta, chomwe chimatanthawuza kuti chikufalitsa kuzungulira kwa mphesa yonse, madziwo amayendanso kutentha kwambiri. Onse oyandikana nawo pamwamba kapena otsika (amatengera kuwongolera) zovuta zimasokonekera. Nthawi zina imagwera monga mwini wa pafupi ndi crane. Kwa onse, ndichidziwitso chosafunikira chomwe chimabweretsa kungovulaza, ndipo palibe kusintha kwa njanji yotentha. Kuphatikiza apo, uku ndikuphwanya SNIP 31-01-2003 (tsa 10,5) - kusokoneza mayanjano, chifukwa ndi zabwino).
Momwe mungayike ma bomba (njira zolumikizira)
Ndi zolumikizira zofananira ndi diapoonal, mafomu azikhala pamlingo umodzi wokhala ndi zopukutira za tawulo kapena pang'ono pamwambapa / pansipa. Zomwe sizingagwire ntchito, ndiye kuyika njanji ya tawulo ngati mapiko ali mtunda wocheperako pakati pa zolowa. Mu chithunzi pansipa, chitsanzo cha kulumikizana komwe sikugwira ntchito pochotsa kwambiri. Black imadziwika ndi njira yosinthira (kupezeka kumtunda).
Mu cholumikizira cholumikizira, chopukutira chotentha chidzagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati mapiko ali okwera pang'ono ndipo pang'ono pansi pake kapena pang'ono
Mukalumikizidwa, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi ma bomba mokwanira kapena pang'ono pakona. Pafupifupi ngodya imachokera 2 masentimita pa mita (2%) kapena itha kukhala yokulirapo pang'ono. Kuwongolera kwa malo otsetsereka kumadalira gawo lolumikizira ndikutsiriza kuchotsedwa kumeneku kudzalumikizidwa. Kuti mumveke pang'ono, lingalirani zigawo zingapo zolumikizira njanji zotentha.
Kulumikizana kotsika kwapamwamba kwa thaulo la lanenna
Matendawa amagwira ntchito mosasamala za kuwongolera madzi otentha. Mtundu wolumikizira - pansi, onse kuchotsedwa kuyenera kukhala otsika kuposa m'mphepete mwa chowuma. Pamwamba pa chakudya, tiyeni tinene njira yomwe m'mphepete ili pakati pa kutulutsa, koma ntchitoyi singakhale yothandiza kwambiri (itha kukhala yoyipa).
Kulumikizana kwa Universal ku Bural Borl (wotsika)
Mu chithunzi ichi mutha kukhazikitsa mathani otsekeka. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake yabwino imafuna:
- Yokwezedwa pamwamba pa zotsogola za maevsky (mpweya wa mpweya) kuti athe kutsika kumtunda kwa mpweya. Adzafunika kutseguka nthawi ndi nthawi ndikutsika mpweya (pomwe amayamba kutentha kwambiri). Pali njira - ikani mpweya wokha. Alinso ndi ogwirizana. Zidzasambitsa ntchito.
- Kupendekera mwachindunji. Kukula kwa matope - chitoliro cha gawo limodzi la mainchesi.
- Mapapopi amachitidwa ndi chitoliro pa gawo laling'ono kuposa mtsinje waukulu.
Ngati muli ndi kutalika kwa njirayi, pangani. Dongosolo limagwira ntchito m'zinthu zonse, ndi njanji zotentha ngati "njira" zamtundu uliwonse.
Njira yolumikizira nizhny
Mukamataya madzi otentha kuchokera kumwamba, mutha kupanga kukonza pamwamba pamtunda wapansi. Ndi msewu wosowa ndipo kusaka kwake kuyenera kukhala bwino. Njira iyi si yabwino kwambiri, koma yogwira ntchito.
Njira Yogwira Ntchito Ndi Madzi Otentha Otentha
Kukhalapo kwa malovu a mlengalenga ndi mpweya pambuyo poti dongosolo litatha - zovomerezeka.
Kulumikizana konsekonse
Mutha kubweretsa chitoliro kumbali ya mafomu aliwonse a mafomu okhazikika - opangidwa ndi p-Sjoke ndi makwerero. Kulumikizana pa fomu kumadalira. Mu mtundu wokhazikika pali malingaliro owongoka. Mapika kapena moyenera kwambiri kapena mokoma mtima pang'ono. Malo otsetsereka ali pachithunzichi: Mapeto a malo apamwamba amakhazikika pang'ono (2 cm pa 1 mita), pansi - kusweka pang'ono. Maondo a matepi si ochepera kuposa kutalika kwa njanji yotentha.
Kulumikizana kwa Universal Conserter
Njira yolumikizirana yofananira ndiyabwino chifukwa palibe chifukwa chokhazikitsa mpweya (yikani mapulagi), chifukwa mpweya umangopita m'mphepete.
Ndi chakudya chapamwamba pamwala, ndizotheka kupanga mawonekedwe ndi / kapena kusuntha jumper kupita ku sitimayo. Zidzasintha kuzungulira, chowuma chidzatentha. Koma motero: Dongosolo ili lidzagwira ntchito pamwamba pa madzi.
Madzi akapatsidwa kuchokera kumwamba, omwe atha kusunthidwa ndikupanga chitoliro pa gawo laling'ono
Ndi chiwembu chotere, mutha kupanganso ma bomba pansi potengera pang'ono kapena moyenera.
Njira yolumikizirana yolumikizirana (osati yabwino kwambiri)
Kulumikiza kokwanira ndi malo omwe amachotsedwa pamwamba kuli pansi pamphepete mwa thambo lotentha. Koma ndi kulumikizana koteroko, maevsky akufunika kudutsa mpweya womwe udzaphulika mutazimitsa dhw kukonza / kupewa. Muthanso kuyenera kuchotsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali mu njirayi.
Osati zabwino kwambiri, koma njira yabwino
Kulumikizana kwa Diagonal
Palibe nzeru yolumikizana ndi njanji zambiri za thambo: Kutha kwake kumbali sikosiyana (mulimonsemo palibe kusintha kwakukulu), ndipo zonunkhira zimafunikiranso, Ndipo izi ndizovuta. Ngakhale chiwembuchi chikugwira ntchito.
Dialoonal imagwira ntchito bwino ngati kupezeka kwamadzi kumachokera kumwamba. Kenako kuchotsedwa kwapamwamba kumalumikizidwa mpaka kumapeto kwa "makwerero", komanso pansi kwa oyandikana nawo.
Kulumikizana kwa Diagonal Pamaso
Pamenepanso, mutha kuchita zochepetsetsa komanso yolumikizidwa, koma popanda izi chiyenera kugwira ntchito "ndi bang." Ndi kupezeka kotsika kwa kudutsa popanda kusaka, chimodzimodzi pa Riser, kulumikizana
Njanji-zoweta zoweta zoweta: Momwe mungalumikizane
Pankhani yolumikiza zida zovuta, kuwonjezera pa njira wamba, ndikofunikira kuganizira za kapangidwe ka mtundu uliwonse. Ayenera kuganiziridwa kuchokera ku malingaliro a hydrodynamics - pomwe madzi adzakhala bwino kuyenda, pamenepo ndikudyetsa madzi. Mwachitsanzo, kampani yotchuka "ya Elegy". Uku si masitepe osakhala ogogoda.
Pali kulumikizana kwa digilo, chifukwa wina sangagwire ntchito
Kukhazikitsa Ship Surch Stuver Stuver Stuness Sunerios osankhidwa, chifukwa ndi kufalitsidwa kwina kulikonse kudzasweka. Palibe njira zonse.
Mtundu wina - wolumikizirana ndi kapangidwe kake, ali ndi njira zitatu zokhazikitsa. Pansi pa vuto la madzi kuchokera pamwamba, zabwino zonse zidzagwira bwino ntchito, chovuta pang'ono - woyamba, wovuta kwambiri - wachitatu.
Zosankha zolumikizira Nizny ndi chizindikiro chapamwamba
Mukamagonjera pansipa, kusankha 1 ndi 3 zotsala, koma popanda kutsutsana - zisokoneza, osati kusokoneza. Njira yachiwiri imasankhidwa kwathunthu.
Kodi sangachite bwanji
Maganizo onse omwe aperekedwa pamwambapa amagwira ntchito modekha. Monga momwe mungazindikire, mafomu onse amayenda molunjika, osakhazikika mu mawonekedwe a arc kapena mphete. Izi siziri mwamwayi - m'mayiko onse, mpweya umakhala, womwe umasokoneza, ndipo nthawi zina, komanso amakulitsa kufalikira kwathunthu.
Izi sizigwira ntchito
Mu chithunzi chojambulira cha thambo lautola sicholondola. Adalakwitsa zolakwa ziwiri:
- Mapapopi apangidwa kale kuposa mtunda wapakatikati pa njanji yautola;
- Amapangidwa ndi chitoliro cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi ma hing.
Kulumikizana kumeneku sikungagwire ntchito. Mapaipi achitsulo ndi abwino kwambiri, koma osati polumikiza sitima yotentha. Malingaliro awo ali ndi mawonekedwe olimba kwambiri a lumen, omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kufalitsidwa. Komanso
Njira zosakhazikika
Mapulogalamu awiri otsatirawa amatha kugwira ntchito, koma osati nthawi zonse. Pansi pa thambo lotentha, madzi amasunthidwa ndipo, posiyana ena kutalika, sangathe kukwera. Kunena mwachindunji kuti idzagwira ntchito, ndipo pakhala kuti palibe, palibe amene angathe. Zimatengera kukakamizidwa mu phompho, kuyambira maipelo ndi mapangidwe a chowuma chokha.
Mapulogalamu Osakhazikika
Ndi kulumikizana koteroko, ngakhale kulumikizidwa kogwira ntchito kumatha kusiya kugwira ntchito mutayimitsidwa). Chilichonse ndi chophweka: Kukakamizidwa kwasintha, mapaipi omwe ali pansi, madzi ochokera pansi sakhala "kukankha", njanji yotentha sitenthe.
Mtundu wina wa chiwembu chopanda pake chimachokera pamwambapa. Apanso, munthawi zina zimagwira ntchito. Koma posakhalitsa okwera kwambiri amaperekedwa ndipo amafalitsidwa. Vuto lingathandize, ngati mukhazikitsa mpweya wokha, koma opareshoni ikagwa ndipo sizisunga.
Ndi loop kuchokera kumwamba
Kolakwika kwathunthu
Mu chithunzi pansipa, zitsanzo za momwe mungafunire. Mapulani opanda crane pa chapafupi. Zomwe zimawopsezedwa - zimadziwika. Kuphatikiza apo, patatha zaka zingapo pogwira ntchito, sadzagwiranso ntchito. Zotheka izi zidzachitika pambuyo pa kutsekeka kwina - dongosololi lidzathetsa matope. Zonse chifukwa madzi otentha onse amaswedwa kudzera mu sitima yotentha. Pambuyo kukonza madzi kumatenga dothi lalikulu, lomwe limakhazikika pamakomo (m'magawo otsika kwambiri poyambira). Kwa zaka zingapo chilichonse chimatsekeka kwathunthu. Kwa zabwino, zonse zimafunikira kuti zikhale patsogolo ndikulumikizana molondola, koma zimatha kungothandiza kupera.
Lingaliro loipa kwambiri
Ndikofunikira kutsuka sitima yotentha yotentha ndi zopereka kwa iyo. Pachifukwa ichi, chowuma chimachotsedwa ndi changa kuchimbudzi, ndipo timatsuka matepuwo polumikiza payipi ya zotulukazo, chachiwiri chomwe chidzachotsere mumbuyu. Kuwongolera zakumwazo kuti mulumpha mtsinje wa madzi otentha kudzera mu kuchotsedwa kamodzi, kenako kudzera mu enawo. Mutatsuka chilichonse chimakhazikitsidwa m'malo mwake. Zitha kukhala zotheka kuthawa dongosolo lino.
Njira Yokwera
Kulumikiza sitima yotentha yopumira kuti ikhale yokonzekera muyezo wa ndalama - zoyenerera bwino, fulakesi ndi mastering phate kapena tepi. Pofuna kulowera kukhoma pali mabatani kapena ma clamp apadera omwe chitoliro chimapanikizika. Njirayi imawonetsedwa mwatsatanetsatane mu kanema.
Nkhani pamutu: Momwe mungatsegulire chitseko chazolowera: malangizo a sitepe