Kupanga nyumba ya mafupa kumawerengedwa ngati kukhala kosavuta ndipo kumatha kumangidwa munthawi yochepa. Chifukwa chake, funso la momwe mungalimbikitsire nyumba ndi manja anu, ikuyamba kutchuka kwambiri. Nyumba yotereyi imathamangitsidwa pa chiwembucho osati kwakanthawi kokha, komanso kukhala osakhalitsa, ndipo pomanga ndikofunikira kulingalira.
Chiwembu cha chipangizo cha nyumba ya chimango.
Mtengo wa ntchito yomanga nyumbayo mulimonsemo udzakhala wotsika kuposa miyala. Mosavuta zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kupangidwa pomanga zomanga payekhapayekha, kukhala ndi luso loyambirira lomanga.
Ntchito yomanga nyumba - zida ndi zida
Mndandandawo umatuluka wochititsa chidwi kwambiri, koma zinthu zonsezi zimapezeka pamtengo komanso wotchuka, zimatha kupezeka palimodzi. Kumanga nyumba, mudzafunika:
Zida zopangira nyumba ya mafupa.
- konkrite;
- Zida;
- zida zopanda madzi;
- Ma boards (pine);
- Kukula;
- polyethylene;
- boardboard;
- zingwe kapena.
- matayala azitsulo;
- Mapaipi, mawaya ndi zina zolumikizana zosiyanasiyana;
- nyundo;
- ndege;
- chisel;
- womupha misomali;
- Lobzik;
- anawona;
- Mulingo womanga ndi kanthu;
- kubowola;
- zomangira ndi zomata;
- cholembera, pensulo, choko chomanga;
- Sitepe, masitepe, kuwuzani;
- maburashi;
- Aniseptics pa nkhuni.
Nyumba ya chimango ndi manja anu: maziko
Nyumba za chimango sizimafuna maziko amphamvu, popeza ali onenepa kwambiri, dothi limatha kutha kwa zomanga sizingachite mantha. Apangeni iwo pamawu a screw, riboni moyenera kubereka kapena mizati. Kusankhidwa ndi kuyika kwa maziko makamaka pamtundu wa dothi ndipo chiwerengero cha pansi cha nyumba yokonzekera chimadalira. Ngati nyumba yosavuta yosungika imaganiziridwa, ngakhale panthaka yolimba yomwe mutha kuchita pambuyo pa maziko.
Maziko a Foundani.
Ntchito yomanga nyumba yaying'ono yotentha ya banja limodzi yokhala ndi maziko a comwena imafunikira kuti mupeze mzazi 120-150 pansi pa maziko. M'nthaka, matalala ndi mainchesi 20 ndi kuzama kwa mita, zimatenga galimoto wamba pantchito iyi. Mtunda pakati pa mabowo amapanga pafupifupi 80 masentimita, astic chummes kapena mapaipi awo amaikidwa mkati. Zaulere, malo omwe atsalira mbali amalumpha, kudzazidwa ndi mchenga ndi zinyalala. Matope a simenti adathira mkati mwa mizamwa; Ubwino wa maziko oterowo ndichakuti kupitiriza kugwira ntchito, sikofunikira kudikirira kuthira kwa konkriti.
Kuti mumange nyumba ya chimanga ndi manja awo, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mawonekedwe a mulu wa malo, omwe ndi otchuka kwambiri. Ndizothekanso kudzipanga nokha, osakopa ogwira ntchito ndi zida zapadera. M'malo mwake, pamaziko ochokera ku milu, zopangidwa ndi manja zimakonda, chifukwa zimafunikira kuti zigwirizane ndi mulingo. Ndi zoletsedwa mosamalitsa kupatsa zingwezo zikakhazikitsa kukhazikitsa kwawo. Ikuphwanya nthaka yakonzi ndipo imatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa Windows, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusiya mulu wolakwika m'malo kapena m'nthaka kwathunthu.
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Ukadaulo wotsatira
Maukadaulo omangawo amagawikana mwapadera kukhala Chifinishi ndi Canada. M'malo mwake, ngakhale njira yomwe kusankha Ambuye, magawo ndi magawo oyamba ndi mfundo zoyambirira kukhala yemweyo.
Syamer symemer othamanga owombera.
Mafelemu a nyumba kutengera zokhumba za eni ake akhoza kukhala chitsulo kapena matabwa. Mafelemu ambiri achitsulo ndiofala, osakwanira kuchokera ku bar, chifukwa amakhazikika mosavuta, ochezeka a Eco komanso otsika mtengo, kuphweka. Zitsulo zopanga pamtengo wokwera kwambiri ndi wachitatu, koma popeza ndizosavuta, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kudzapulumutsa pamaziko. Zosintha zitsulo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mafelemu achitsulo, pomwe pamtengo wamatabwa, ndibwino kukhala wokhazikika nkhuni.
Imapeza nyumba ya chimango, choyamba mwa zonse zimapanga pansi, momwe zimakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha kubzala kwake, zimateteza chinyezi pamaziko. Kenako bala la pansi la malo opangira pansi limakhazikitsidwa mozungulira nyumbayo kuti ifotokozere zopezeka ndi zipinda zam'tsogolo ndi makoma amkati. Pansi padongosolo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zidapangidwa ndi bajeti - matabwa a UNED. Koma malo a matabwa apansi pa malo okonzekera, mazira amazikidwa, komanso pakati pawo - kutanthauza kuti chinyontho choteteza chinyezi komanso kuzizira. Matabwa ndi ma lags asanamalizidwe amafunikira kusamalira antiseptic kapena utoto, kotero moyo wawo wantchito udzachuluka. Kulondola konse kwa geometry ya nyumba yomwe ikumanga kumatengera malo opangira, ndipo malo awo akuyenera kufufuzidwa kangapo. Nthawi yomweyo, m'makona, kupatuka kuchoka pachiwopsezo sikuyenera kupitirira 10-12 mm, ndipo matabwa amaphatikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nangula. Mtunda pakati pa zomata sayenera kupitirira 2 m, chifukwa champhamvu ndi chisindikizo, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito mabatani.
Kutsatira msonkhano wa pansi pa nyumba, makhoma amaikidwa. M'mbuyomu, muyenera kusonkhanitsa kwathunthu pamalo osalala, kenako ndikukhazikitsa molunjika kwathunthu.
Chiwembu cha chipangizo cha makoma a nyumba yanyumba.
Kugogoda makoma a chipilala, muyenera kusankha malo athunthu, ndipo makhoma onse atole kumeneko: apo ayi mabatire ndi osapeweka. Choyamba, chimapangidwa kuchokera ku bar ndi poda, mtunda pakati pa theka la mita, kulowa pansi. Madalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito molunjika komanso ndi bevel, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza m'mphepete mwa Brusev.
Pokhazikitsa makoma, kutalika kwa denga kumatsimikiziridwa, komwe ndikofunikira kuchepetsa mita 2.5. Kutalika kotereku ndikokwanira, ndipo pambuyo pa zokongoletsera zosiyanasiyana, denga lino silikhala pansi 2.3 metres.
Madeliyo otsika mchipindacho sayenera kuchita, chifukwa chimapangitsa kupondereza ndipo ndi chinthu choopsa chowotchera, koma chipindacho chokhala ndi denga lalitali kwambiri ndizovuta kwambiri pampu.
Kwa awa, mabodi opindika amayezedwa ndikudzudzulidwa. Kenako m'malo mwa ma racks ndi zikhomo zowongoka ndi msonkhano wa chimango kuchokera kumabala, okhazikitsidwa molunjika chimayamba. Brux, ndikuwayika mobowola, khalani ndi matupi osakhalitsa, mipiringidzo ina yapakatikati imayikidwa chimodzimodzi.
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Mitengo yonse yapakatikati paikidwe, kumtunda kwa kuwombera kumapangidwa. Mitengo yomweyo yokhala ndi ma grooves amagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso mfundo yomweyi yomwe yakhala ikuphatikiza kale mukasonkhana pansi. Komwe kuli pamwamba ndi pansi ziyenera kufanana, kumayang'aniridwa mobwerezabwereza mu ntchito yogwirira ntchito ndi gawo limodzi, popeza kuti nyumbayo itha kuyimitsidwa kwambiri.
Makina osokoneza bongo a nyumba yanyumba.
Kuwombera kumtunda, mosiyana ndi pansi, okhazikika ndi misomali, ndipo kutalika kwawo kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri kotero kuti siali ochepera 10 cm kumapeto kwa matabwa. Amayendetsa osakhalitsa, kusintha kosalekeza, sikuyenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu. Ndi omwe amapereka mphamvu zowonjezera kwa chimango ndikuchotsa gawo la katundu kuchokera pamwamba ndi pansi.
Kenako khazikitsani matabwa omwe amagwira ntchito zamiyala. Bar iliyonse sayenera kupitilira theka la mita kuchokera kwa winayo ndikugwirizana ndi ma racks owongoka. Nthawi yomweyo, othandizira m'nyumba amakhazikitsidwa, amathandizira matabwa ndipo ndi maziko a magawo amkati.
Makoma a nyumba ya chimango atayikidwa, imatha kuwoneka ndi matabwa kunja. Kukhazikitsa kwa Windo Panyumba ndi manja anu kuyeneranso kumvetsera chisamaliro. Amakhulupirira kuti kukula kwa mazenera sikuyenera kupitirira 20% ya kukula kwa khoma lonselo, ndipo mumphepo yonse ikhoza kusankhidwa. Nyumba ya chimango imalekanitsidwa ndi santelich panels kapena kumbali, ndipo pomwe padenga limayikidwa, muyenera kutsatira kotero kuti sizikuyenda.
Kutentha kunyumba ndi manja anu
Pofuna kuti nyumbayo ikhale yoyenera kukhala yoyenera malo okhalamo, ndikofunikira kuti mugawire kenako kulumikizana ndikuchita zomaliza zokongoletsera. Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu zakutchinjiriza kwa nyumba kumatenga nthawi yambiri.
Conmeme of Vapor Ouluka Makoma a Nyumba ya chimango.
Ndikotheka kupanga kutchingira kunjaku ndipo kuchokera mkati, njira yomwe mukufuna kumapeto kwa nyumbayo ndi ubweya wamchere monga otenthetsera. Njira ina yabwinoko yomanga ndi youma ya vinyl, yokhala ndi mizere yofananira yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino okongola. Kugwiritsa ntchito nkhaniyi, nkhani ya zokongoletsera ndi zokongoletsera zamkati zidzathetsedwa.
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Ndikofunikira kutentha nyumbayo kuchokera kunja isanakweze ndi Garboard kapena kumbali, zonse zimagwira ntchito ndi mafuta othandiza nthawi ino ziyenera kuchitika. Gawo loyamba limapangidwa ndi chiwonongeko, pakati pa maselo omwe zigawo za ubweya wa mchere wambitsidwa. Kuchokera kumwamba, itha kuphimbidwa ndi thovu, ndi mipata, ngati apangidwa, dzazani chithovu chonyamula. Nyumbayo kunja imatha kukhazikitsidwa pakalibe kabati. Mofananamo, makhoma ndi mkati mwamomwe amathandizidwa. Kusungunuka kumeneku kumalumikizidwa pakati pa ma racks, kutsekedwa kwathunthu pamwamba pa thovu.
Parrosation ya nyumba ya chimango
M'nyumba yogona, nthunzi imafunikira, chifukwa imapezekanso bafa komanso khitchini, ndiye kuti malowa ndi magwero a chinyezi chambiri. Mulingo wa chinyezi m'ma zipinda izi nthawi zina chimaposa chisonyezo ichi chakunja. Ndi nthunzi yomwe nthawi zambiri imachitidwa ndi zolakwitsa zambiri ndipo chifukwa sizikugwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, zida zodzipangira zokha ndi polyethylene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa nthunzi ya fakitale yomwe imasokonezeka. Kanema yemwe anali wotchinga chotchinga cha Vapor ndi chofanana kwambiri ndi polyethylene, koma mosiyana ndi momwe limapangidwira mwa mitundu sinapangidwe.
Kukhazikitsa mosasamala kumatha kutchulidwa kwa zolakwa, pomwe nembanemba zake zimasiyana. Nthawi zambiri filimuyo imalumikizidwa kumakoma, siili bwino kwambiri ndipo imataya msanga malo. Nthawi zina, chifukwa chisokonezo, nembanemba imayikidwa kunja kwa bokosilo, pomwe makanema oyendetsa ndege amakhala oyenera. Pa malo okhala nthawi zonse amakhala m'nyumba, ngakhale makomawo ndi ochepa thupi komanso otayika kunja. Mwa kukweza nembanemba, muyenera kuwunika mosamala kuti itembenukire mbali yakumanja.
Membrane iyenera kuyikika pamtunda wamafuta kuti muteteze ku chinyezi komanso kulongeza, popeza zinthu izi zimapweteketsa. Pakadutsa nyengo zingapo, kusokonekera kunasiya kugwira ntchito kumawonekeranso chinyezi. Popeza matabwa akumanga nyumba ya mafupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena makulidwe, makoma ake amakhala otenthetsa pafupifupi 70%. Ndi kuwonongedwa kwa zigawo za kusokonezeka, nyumbayo idzafunkhira, ndipo munthawi yake ndi mitengo ili pafupifupi yofanana ndi yomanga yatsopano. Chifukwa chake, nthunzi zokhumudwitsa siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito m'malo mwa nembanemba za polyethylene kumabweretsa kuti kufafaniza mpweya kumasokonekera mnyumbamo, komwe polyethylene saphonya kwathunthu. Izi zidzapangitsa kuti mawonekedwe amkati mwa makoma a bowa wa nkhungu, omwe poizoni amlengalenga komanso amawononga mwachangu phula la pulasitala. Polyethylene amasindikiza chipindacho ndipo ngakhale kuti apatsenso mpweya wabwino suwamasula.