Mtundu, mikhalidwe yayikulu ndi makulidwe a mbale ya khonde imayang'aniridwa ndi Gist 25697 - 83 "Ruby Plates ya khonde ndi loggia." Anavomerezedwa pa Januware 1, 1984. Komiti ya Ntchito Zaboma Zomangamanga ndi Zomanga za Soviet Union. Pambuyo pake, katatu kudaliridwanso ndi kuwonjezera kwa kusintha.
Mitundu mitundu
Chitofu cha khonde chimawerengedwa malinga ndi njira yothandizira pa kapangidwe kake, yomwe imagawika m'mitundu ingapo:- Kutonthoza, okhazikika mpaka mbali imodzi kapena ziwiri zoyandikana.
- Mtengo, kupumula mbali ziwiri kapena zitatu.
Ndipo pamafuta opindulitsa ogawika m'magulu otsatirawa:
- Cholimba.
- Chopanda kanthu mwachindunji cha Loggia.
Makhalidwe Abwino
Katunduyu amagawidwa m'magulu angapo kutengera kapangidwe kake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyi.
Mawonekedwe a geometric a mbale amafotokozedwa mwachindunji ndipo zimatengera mawonekedwe apangidwe ndi zomangamanga za kapangidwe kake.
Chizindikiro cha Balcony
Magawo onse a ma slabs a khonde ndi Loggia amaloledwa m'makhalidwe otsatirawa:
- Kutalika - kuchokera ku 120 mpaka 72 cm.
- M'lifupi - la khonde kuchokera ku 120 mpaka 180 cm, la loglia - kuyambira 90 mpaka 300 cm.
- Makulidwe a 16 mpaka 22 cm, kutengera kukula kwina. Nambala iyenera kukhala yochulukirapo 2.
Mu mawonekedwe a kumaliza kwa nkhope ya kumtunda, ndichikhalidwe kusiyanitsa pakati pa magulu atatu omwe akuwonetsa kalata yowonjezera:
- G ndi ofunda kapena ofunda.
- W - Kupukutira kossic koic.
- K - anakonza zokhala ndi ma ceramics kapena miyala yamiyala yachilengedwe.
Zopatuka zovomerezeka pamiyendo
M'mayiko aliwonse opanga, kukula kwa mbale za khonde kungasiyane pang'ono ndi zomwe zafotokozedwazo. Izi ndizovomerezeka, ndipo zizindikiro siziyenera kukhala zoposa izi:
Malire a kupatuka kovomerezeka kukula kumaloledwa onse ambiri komanso pang'ono.
Chitoto cha khonde, kukula kwake kumene sikugwirizana ndi zomwe zili pamwambapa, zatsimikiziridwa malinga ndi GOST sizikuwona ngati chofooka. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotere pakumanga nyumba sikuloledwa.
Nkhani pamutu: Malingaliro otsiriza pa Corridor MDF Panels
Zofunikira kwa Wopanga
Mphamvu za konkriti zomwe zomwe zimapangidwazo zimayenera kutsatira kwa gost 18105. Mphamvu yovuta kuyenera kukhala yochepera 15 (m 200). Konkriti yokha imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malinga ndi Gost 25820, 13015-0 kapena 26633.
Onani vidiyoyi, kukula konse ndikwabwino kwambiri kumeneko:
Zofunikira za zida zachitsulo zimawonetsedwa ndi post 13015-0. Nthawi zonse, chitsulo chokha chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbale. Ndi zinthu zovuta, thermomeancal, komanso njira yamatenthedwe, imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zigawo zomwe sizingachitike, ndizovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito ma rod a rod kapena waya wachitsulo.
Kwa magawo onse a malonda, pachibale ndi zofunika zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa osati ndi mphamvu zokha, kukhazikika, komanso kukana chisanu, komanso malinga ndi zolembedwa zomwe zili ndi zolembedwa zomwe zalembedwazi zidatengedwa.