Mukamadula khola la Log, kutsatira ukadaulo uyenera kuonedwa, womwe ndi njira yofunika yodulira kwambiri. Makamaka amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mawu olimba a rafters mpaka kudula, pomwe kudalirika ndi moyo wa padendo kumadalira.
Mitundu ya mapangidwe a rafter.
Mtundu wa denga la mtsogolo ndi njira zomangirira rafter ayenera kusankhidwa ndi zomwe nyumbayo imayikidwa, komwe kuli deralo, komwe kumanga kudza. Popanga ma rafter odekha amatenga gawo lalikulu polumikizana.
Pamene chida cha padenga, mkhalidwe wapamwamba wa nyumba za rafter ndilofunika kwambiri, chifukwa cholakwa mukamawerengera molakwika, ntchito yosankhidwa bwino idzasokoneza kukhazikika, iyenera kukundaninso.
Momwe Mphiri Anayambira
Kuwerengera Rafters kumatha kukhala njira zingapo:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito Mauerlat;
- kudzera pamtengo ukukulira;
- ndi mizere yolimba ndi yamtunda;
- kulumikizana ndi korona wapamwamba wa makhoma;
- Pogwiritsa ntchito kuwomba nyumba, komwe kumangiriridwa pamawu.
Kuyika mabondo a kasudzo.
Zovala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhazikitsa padenga pamoto zimagawidwa kukhala opakata komanso. Mukamanga nyumba zamatabwa ndi malo akuluakulu a padenga, ziweto zopachikidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zida zazikulu zogwira ntchito ndi:
- rolelete;
- anawona;
- Propelleni;
- pensulo;
- nyundo;
- screwdriver;
- mulingo.
Kuyika makoswe powakhazikitsa mukakuwakhazikitsa
Cholembera cha zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi matabwa odulidwa ziyenera kuyamba ndi madera akuti, pomwe zinthuzo zimayikidwa mwamphamvu kumadera akutali. Koma choyamba mu bolodi muyenera kudulidwa chinthu chothandizira - dzino. Pakadutsa kumtunda kwa kudula, kubwereza kukula kwa dzino, pepa poyambira. Nthawi yomweyo iyenera kudziwika kuti popanda dzino ndipo poyambira satha kumangiriza rafter. Mapeto atayikidwa kuchokera kumwamba, ndikofunikira kugona 5 cm m'munsimu, poganizira kutalika kwa kutsogolo.
Nkhani pamutu: Kupanga kwamkati kwa chipinda chogona chachiwiri cha 45 sq.m
Pulogalamu ya padenga ya chipinda cha Log imapereka gawo la skate kuchokera ku bar kapena mitengo, ndikuyika magonedwe, rafter imayenera kuvala ndi misomali. Zinthu zonse zikaikidwa (dielation, ma crate) - kuwonjezeka kwakanthawi mu mawonekedwe a misomali kumachotsedwa.
Zikwangwani za zikwangwani.
Izi zikufunika kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zonse sizimapachikika zinthu zonse mu stack.
Nthawi zambiri, zomangira zimayikidwa motsatira gawo 60 cm ndi zina zambiri.
Mtunda wochita izi umadalira pantchito yomanga ndi malo ake amamanga. Ikani zomangira mbali zonse zakutsogolo, chotulukapo chake, mawonekedwe a chihemacho chimapezeka. M'malo omwe ali ndi ma rafters okhala ndi kutsogolo kuyenera kukhalabe kusiyana kwa masentimita 5, odzazidwa pambuyo pake.
Kukhazikitsa kwa mitengo yopachika: mawonekedwe
Pankhaniyi, makoma okha ndi omwe amathandizira, omwe amatha kutsogolera ku malo ozungulira pa kapangidwe kake (kudula). Kuwongolera katundu uyu asanapange ma rafters ku khoma (kudula) ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zolimba, zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku bar kapena bolodi zomwe zidalumikizidwa ndi zomwe zingalumikizidwe pamwamba. Zotsatira zake, imakhalira mawonekedwe okhulupirika a chimango, ndipo amaikidwa pa korona la kudula.
Pali njira yofananira pomwe matayala amphamvu amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zinthu zoterezi zimakhazikitsidwa ndi ziwengo mu ndege imodzi ndi perpengocular mpaka khoma. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhazikitsa nyumba za mayard.
Chiwembu choluka.
Kulumikizana kwa kapangidwe kake ndi mitengo mosasamala kanthu za kuwonongeka kwa denga kumalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu yokwanira komanso kukhazikika kwa makoma a mpingo. Izi ndichifukwa choti kupsinjika pakhoma kwa kudula komwe kumangokhala kumene kudzakhala yunifolomu, monganso kugwiritsa ntchito Ma matenda.
Pankhaniyi, njira yopumira ya chipangizo chowonjezera iyenera kusankhidwa ndi miyeso ya 50x150 mm. Kukhala ndi kuwongolera padenga la padenga, matabwa amatenga kukula kumeneku, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wotanthauza kuti njira imodzi. Zinthu zomwezo nthawi yomweyo njira yake iyenera kukhala ya khoma ndikulowetsedwa m'mphepete mwa bar.
Nkhani pamutu: Kukhazikitsa pafupi ndi khomo ndi manja anu: Secumes (malangizo (makanema)
Kukhazikitsa ukadaulo kwa Mauerlat
Maurlat ndi amodzi mwazinthu zopitilira padenga la kudula. Amakhala chifukwa chokakamizidwa ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa denga lonse, lomwe liyenera kugawidwanso chimodzimodzi chifukwa cha zomwe zinali. Maurolate amapangidwa ndi zinthu zothamanga zomwe zimapangitsa izi. Mauerlat ali ngati mitengo yolimba yokhazikika mozungulira ndi magawo a kutalika kwa mita, yomwe idakonzedwa mwachindunji pansi pa zinthu za rafter.
Pakupanga mitengo ya mapeelast, mitengo yotsika mtengo, mipiringidzo ndi matabwa okhala ndi miyeso yochepa ya 100x100 mm, 100x150 mm ndi 150x150 mm. Ngati mitengo igwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti mbali imodzi imadulidwa kuti iwonjezere kulumikizana ndi korona wapamwamba wa kudula. Kukhazikitsa Maurolat kumatha kupangidwa m'njira zingapo.
Chiwembu chinayamba kuthandizira.
Kanyumbayo ikapangidwa ndi chipika kapena kuchokera ku bar, Maurlat imayikidwa pamzere wapamwamba ndipo amaikidwa pa chipika. Mutha Kutetezedwa:
- mothandizidwa ndi mitengo yamatabwa kapena chitsulo;
- mabatani achitsulo;
- ngodya yachitsulo;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito waya wopanikizika wokhala ndi mainchesi anayi a 4 mm.
Momwe ma raftlat amaphatikizira
Kuthamanga kunathamangitsidwa ndi nthawi yokhazikika pakukhazikitsa padenga. Kuyambira njira yogwiritsira ntchito zinthu za rafter ndi Mauerlat, mkhalidwe wa padenga motsogozedwa ndi mphepo zamphepo, kusintha kwakuthwa kwa kutentha kumadalira. Zinthu zonse zamatabwa zimatha kuyamwa chinyezi ndipo nthawi yomweyo chikukula, komanso mothandizidwa ndi kutentha - chepetsa. Popeza mawonekedwe a nyumba zamatabwa, osavomerezeka kukonza kulumikizana konse ndi kukhwima kokhwima, chifukwa izi zimabweretsa zotumphukira. Chiwopsezo chikhoza kuyimiranso kutuluka kwa mphamvu za space zomwe zikukhudza malinga a tchalitchi, chifukwa cha kuyika osasamala kwa nyumba. Kuti izi sizichitika, muyenera kukhala ndi lingaliro momwe mungakhazikitsire ziweto panyumba.Futsani ndi Mauerlat ikhoza kuphatikiza njira zotsatirazi:
- zolimba;
- .
Mtundu wa conlamagetion imagwiritsidwa ntchito poganizira mawonekedwe a dengalo ndi mtundu wa utabzalidwa - wofooka kapena wopindika.
Nkhani pamutu: Kudabwitsa kwamagetsi ndi manja anu
Kugwiritsa ntchito molimbika
Zida zophatikiza zomangira.
Mukakhazikitsa ziweto pa bala, njira yolumikizira movutikira ndikofunikira kuti mutsatire zofunikira zina ndikusiyanitse, kutembenuka, kutembenuka ndikusintha pakati pa zinthuzo.
Zofunikira izi zitha kukwaniritsidwa:
- Kukulunga ngodyayo ndi kuvula Bru;
- Kusambitsidwa kutsukidwa pazinthu mwachangu ndikumangirira kulumikizana uku ndi misomali.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ngodyayo, ndi sitiroko komwe kumathandizira mipiringidzo, zomangira zimakonzedwa ku Mauerlat. Ndenthozo zokhazokha ziyenera kuyimitsidwa molimbika pamzere wa katundu chifukwa cha bar yolumikizidwa ndi 1 m. Amakhazikika kuchokera kumbali 1 m. Amakonzedwanso ndi ngodya ndi ngodya yachitsulo kuti mupewe kusintha.
Njira yachiwiri yomwe kukhazikitsa ndikosavuta kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, mawonekedwe amisomali imapangidwa kuchokera kumbali, pamalo atatu, kuwazungulira mkati mwa Mauerlat, msomali wachitatu uyenera kuwonongeka molunjika. Chifukwa chake limakhala lolimba kwambiri pokonzekera.
M'magawo onse awiri, kulumikizana kumaperekedwa ndi kukweza kwina kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi khoma pogwiritsa ntchito waya kapena zingwe pa izi.
Pa khola imodzi ya denga la madenga amakolola pogwiritsa ntchito template, ndiye kuti, chimodzimodzi.
Kutsatira malo otsekemera
Dothi lotsika limapangidwa ndi Freter ndi mwayi wosintha chinthu chimodzi. Pankhaniyi, chinthu choterechi chidzasonkhanitsidwa ku Mawierlat. Pangani ma rafters ku Mauerlat ndi kuthekera koyenda ndi njira zoterezi:
Njira yotsukidwa ndikukhazikitsa chinthu cha rafter ndikutsukidwa ndi Mauerlat:
- kupanga kulumikizana pogwiritsa ntchito misomali kuchokera kumbali za chilema kotero kuti amathetsana;
- Kuchita kulumikizana ndi msomali umodzi, womwe umatsekedwa kumtunda kudzera mu zomangira zonse komanso ku Mauerlat;
- M'malo ndi misomali mbale ndi mabowo;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mabatani, kumangiriza zomangira ndi Mauerlat;
- Zomangira zimatuluka kukhoma ndipo zimakhazikika ndi mbale.
Pawiri imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera - sdd.
Njira iliyonse imalola zinthu za rafter kusamukira wina ndi mnzake.