Momwe mungakwaniritsire zokongoletsera za matabwa ozungulira ku nkhalango yozungulira

Tikaona nkhalangoyi, ndikofunikira kuwerengera nthawi yomweyo kumwa komwe kudzakhala, chifukwa chidzakhala ndi vuto la mitengo yamatabwa. Zotsatira za zinthu zomalizidwa zitha kukhala zosiyana. Zonse zimatengera momwe nkhalangoyi imagwiritsidwira ntchito kaya kuti muchepetse kudula. Pali njira zapadera zowonjezera ntchito yothandizapo, imapangitsa kuti zosinthazo zabwino, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi apamwamba. Musanawone, ndikofunikira kuwerengera zonse. Sizovuta monga momwe zimakhalira zovuta, koma kuchuluka kwa nkhalango yozungulira kudzakhala koyenera, kopindulitsa pakupeza zotsatira zabwino.

Zosankha zodula mitengo yozungulira.

Momwe mungakulitsire bwino kudula

Pofuna kuti zotulukazo zikhale zofunikira, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera zowonjezera ntchitoyi:

1. Kuwerengera kuyenera kuchitika pokhapokha ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera, pamanja zimakhala ndi magwiridwe ochepa, kuchuluka kwa ukwati kudzakhala kwakukulu.
2. Kuzungulira kumayenera kusanjidwa kotero kuti kukonza kumachitika molondola.
3. Chifukwa chodulira ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba kwambiri. Kupanda kutero, kuchuluka kwa zinyalala kudzakhala kwakukulu, ndipo mitengo yotulukayi ikhala yotsika.
4. Ndikofunika koyamba kudula matabwa ambiri, mankhwalawa a masamba ochepa nthawi.
5. Mapulogalamuwo sakulimbikitsidwa kutenga nthawi yayitali.
6. Musanayambe ntchito, sinthani zida.

Kutulutsa kwa matabwa omalizidwa kungakhale kosiyana. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti poyamba ma boards amapezeka, ndiye kuti amasanjidwa. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kumachepa kwambiri kumachepetsa kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, kwa mitundu yovuta, imatha kukhala 10-20% yokha.

Momwe mungakwaniritsire kudula

Mndandanda ndi kukula kwa kudula nkhalango yozungulira.

Kupanga zotulutsa za sawn pamwambapa, njira yodulira iyenera kukhazikika. Izi zimagwira ntchito makamaka kwa ma billet omwe ali opindika. Kudula chipilala chozungulira, muyenera kuchita zingapo:

1. Choyamba, nkhalango yabwino yokha yomwe yasankhidwa kuti igwire ntchito. Ngati pali kuponda, mbande, ming'alu kumapeto pa mitengo yotsala, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetsa masamba ena.
2. Ngati core yovunda imadziwika pakugwira ntchito, ndiye kuti zitha kuchotsedwa mosamala, pambuyo pake ndizotheka kudula gawo lomwe lidatsala. Izi zimapewa kutayika kwakukulu, pezani matabwa okhala ndi kutalika kwa 1 m ndi mtundu wofunikira.
3. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mitengo yokhala ndi mainchesi ikuluikulu kuti kuchuluka kwake ndikokwera. Kukongoletsa kumatha kukhala 1.48-2.1, koma zonse zimatengera mainchesi, mtundu wa kuzungulira, kusankha, zida. Kwa zokambirana zamazolowezi, zogwirizana ngati izi zidzakhala 1.48-1.6, komanso zazingwe ndi zida zazikulu - 1.6 kunkhalango yayikulu. Ndili ndi mainchesi osiyanasiyana kuchokera 12 cm, zolimba zitha kupitirira chilembo cha 2.1.

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Kutaya voliyumu mutatha kuwona

Kuti mupange bolodi lomalizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu, ndikofunikira kukonza zonse molondola, ntchito iyenera kuchitika mogwirizana ndi ukadaulo. Zozungulira zozungulira zolimba komanso zolimba zimapereka njira ina. Potsirizira pake, voliyumu imachepera, ngakhale itagwiritsidwa ntchito zapadera. Kudula kwa dipaliro kumawerengedwa koyenera, popeza ali ndi mzere wowongoka, ndipo chipikacho chili ndi mainchesi yayikulu. Nkhalango yotsimikizira siili ngati yomwe imatha kuvunda, chifukwa ukwati ndi wocheperapo. Kwa mitundu yambiri, matekinoloje 2 nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Mitundu ya matabwa a mitengo yozungulira.

• Mothandizidwa ndi lamba pa Z75, Z63;
• Kugwa, pomwe manjange mtunda umadulidwa pakatikati pa zinthuzo, kudutsa makina angapo.

Voliyumu mu lamba wa chesmill ndi 40-50%. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo mu kugwa, zotulutsa ndizosiyana, zitha kuwonjezeka mpaka 70%, koma ndalama za ntchito ngati izi ndizokwera. Ngati nkhalango yozungulira idulidwa, kutalika kwake komwe kumakhala 3 m, ndiye kuti mutha kuwona kuti kuchuluka kwa ukwati ndi kwakukulu, ndipo zotsalazo zimafunikira kukonza. Izi zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa 22x105 (110, 115) X3000 mm. Pali njira zambiri zoterezi. Mwachitsanzo, zitha kukhala zowawa, zomwe sizilinso bwino kwambiri pantchito zambiri.

Pambuyo pokonza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolimba, zomwe zimatanthawuza mitundu 0-2 3-30% yokha ya kuchuluka komwe kumapezeka mutatha kuwona. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuchokera ku nkhalango zokolola zonse zokolola, zotulutsa za bolodi zabwino zimakhala 10-20% zokha. Zipangizo zotsalazo zimapitilira nkhuni. Zodzikongoletsera zopangidwa ndi zidzakhala zosiyana, koma chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa kwa omwe amapezeka mu voliyumu yomwe imachitika.

Kutulutsa kwa matabwa

Kuti mupeze nkhungu ndioyenera, ndikofunikira kuti mumve zambiri. Pakuwerengera molondola, mutha kulingalira za kumasulidwa kwa nkhuni zozungulira. Zambiri zidapezeka pazomwe zimachitika zenizeni za akatswiri komanso zisonyezo za oyendetsa ndege. Izi zimapangitsa kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwake, kuwerengetsa majini oyenera.

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Softwood ali ndi njira yotsatira:

Mutu wa chalk mumtengo wa sawn.

1. Kwa matabwa owoneka bwino ndi zida zina zopepuka pakuwona, zokolola zidzakhala 70%. Ichi ndi chiwerengero cha zinthu zomwe zapezeka pokonza, kuchuluka kwa zinyalala kudzakhala 30%.
2. Kwa ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi mukamagwiritsa ntchito pylomas pa 63, 65, 75, padzakhala kutulutsa pang'ono matabwa, kwathunthu m'derali 45%. Ku Zitsamba, zotulukazo zimachitika mpaka 55-60% ya zinthu zomalizidwa. Ngati mungagwiritse ntchito bwino bwino kusintha, ndiye 70% ikhoza kutheka, ngakhale pamafunika zokumana nazo zambiri.
3. Kuchokera pa disk stamill, ndizotheka kupeza matabwa a Spen Pazaka 70-75%, ngakhale atha kukhala 80-75% mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira zothandiza. Koma muyenera kudziwa.

Malinga ndi gost 8486-86, kwa kalasi ya 0-3 peresenti ya zotulutsa, osaganizira zomwe mungasankhe, ndi pafupifupi 70%.

Ena 30% amatha kusiyidwa ku kukana kwa zinthu zomalizidwazo. Zinthu zomwe zachotsedwa sizitayidwa, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matabwa ena, omwe amalola ukwati wina.

Kutaktambo wozungulira wa hardwood, kupezekanso kwina kumawonedwa:

1. Zovuta Zakuthupi - 60%.
2. Kumadzulo - mpaka 35-40%, popeza kupindika kwa gwero la zolimba nthawi zambiri kumakhala lalikulu.

Kutulutsa kumatha kukulimbikitsidwa, chifukwa izi zimagwiranso ntchito zina. Itha kukhala makina apadera a mitundu yapadera, makina odulira m'mphepete, makina osokoneza bongo. Pankhaniyi, ikutulutsa kutulutsa kwa matabwa kuti awonjezere pafupifupi 20%. Maperesekanidwe omwe amaperekedwa ndi deta popeza bolodi ya 0-4. Mukakonza mitundu 0-1, kuchuluka kwa matabwa a sawn ndi 10%. Kuti mupeze chimbudzi cha omaliza ku Vardood, ndikofunikira kuphwanya ma cubes 10 nkhalango yoyambirira yozungulira.

Kutulutsa kwa matabwa a Sawen kuchokera ku nkhalango yozungulira kungakhale kosiyana. Zonse zimatengera mtundu woyambira wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi masmill. Njira zapadera zowonjezera mphamvu imakupatsani mwayi wokulirapo kuposa momwe zingathekere, koma chifukwa cha izi muyenera kukhala ndi zochitika zina.

Zolemba pamutu: Mutu Wamndandanda: Zodabwitsazi ku zitsamba ndi mbewu (zithunzi 45)