Makatani osamba osamba - iyi ndi chinthu chogwirira ntchito cha bafa, ndi zowonjezera. Amatseka pansi ndi makhoma m'madzi, amapanga malingaliro otetezedwa ku malo otetezedwa, omwe amafunikira makamaka kwa mabafa ophatikizika, ndikugwira ntchito yokongoletsa.
Amasankhidwa kutengera mawonekedwe a mkati. Nthawi yomweyo, makatani ndiosavuta m'malo mwake, kukonza kwathunthu mawonekedwe a chipindacho. Tsopano mutha kugula mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kapangidwe ndi kachulukidwe ndi kachilombo kosiyanasiyana.
Mitundu ya makatani
Makatani onse ogulitsidwa amagawidwa magulu awiri kutengera zinthu zomwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku:- Makatani opangidwa ndi chinsalu chofewa. Chifukwa chopanga, zolemba, polyester, polyvinyl chloride zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga madzi. Makatani apamwamba kwambiri okhala ndi njira zophatikizira zosiyanasiyana zikufunidwa kwambiri. Njira ina yolumikizira makatani a zinthu zofewa.
- Shirma, Screen of Wintvas - kuchokera pagalasi yodzikongoletsa ndi pulasitiki. Imatha kukhala malo oyimilira kapena oyenda, zitseko.
Zosankha zonse zomwe zingatheke zimakhala ndi zabwino zake komanso zowopsa. Kusankha kwa mtundu wabwino kumatengera mtundu wa mkati mwa bafa ndi kuona kuti ali ndi munthu wake.
Moyo wa Utumiki ndi Zosayina zimatengera zikhulupiriro, zida ndi chisamaliro cholondola.
Ubwino ndi Cutric Makatani
Makatani otchinga m'bafa ali ndi zabwino zotsatirazi:
- Zojambula zapamwamba - zinthu zachilengedwe zachilengedwe. Siziyambitsa chifuwa.
- Chovala chotchinga chotchinga chimakhala pansi, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti igwire ntchito ndikupangitsa kukhala bwino.
- Chifukwa cha kusachita bwino kokhazikika, nsalu sizimadumpha madzi ndipo sizingazime. Madzimadzi amayenda pamwamba pa nsalu. Chovala chotchinga ichi chimateteza chipindacho kuchokera ku nthunzi, chinyezi, chifukwa chake kuchokera ku mawonekedwe a nkhungu.
- Mitundu yofanana yofanana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zojambula ndi njira zomwe zimapangidwira zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha zomwe chipinda chokongoletsera.
- Sabata ya Sabata yodulidwa imadziwika mosavuta. Sizikhala ndi sharsces, kuipitsa. Zochita zoterezi zimatha kutsukidwa mgalimoto ndikuuma, ndikulendewera kukhala.
- Screen Screen ikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera ku zojambula.
- Makatani omwe ali ndi nsalu amakhumudwitsa kukhudza ndipo samamatira ku thupi pakusamba, mosiyana ndi polyethylene.
Zoyipa za makatani ojambula zitha kutchulidwa kuti ziyenera kuthetsedwa pafupipafupi. Nthawi yomweyo, imathandizira kusamalira malondawo, kumachenjeza kumera kwa nkhungu m'matumba a nsalu ndikuwononga mabakiteriya.
Pofuna kuwoneka ngati nkhungu, makatani amafunika kuyanika nthawi zonse. Kubwezeranso kwinanso ndi moyo waufupi wa zinthu zomwe zili zaka 2-3 zokha. Makatani awiri a nsalu amagwira ntchito yayitali.
Malaya
Makatani ofewa a bafa amapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zosiyanasiyana, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zake.Nkhani pamutu: Momwe Mungadule Mtengo - Kodi ndizotheka kuzichita nokha ndi komwe mungapite?
Malembo
Pakupanga zojambulazo, nsalu zojambulajambula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, makatani olefuka soseni kuchokera ku thonje kapena katundu, zomwe zimaphatikizapo thonje ndi polyester. Zogulitsa zopangidwa ndi thonje loyera zimawerengedwa kuti zimakhala zosangalatsa, ndipo nsalu zopangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ulusi wopangidwa, wolimba komanso wosasamala.
Nthano za minofu yotchinga zimakutidwa ndi zinthu zapadera zopeweka. Kulembetsa kotereku kumawonjezera mawonekedwe ake kwakukulu kwa ntchito yayikulu: zinthu sizimachedwa ndipo sizimamwa madzi, sizimapha Steam.
Teflon itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati osagwirizana. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nsalu zonse zachilengedwe (thonje, silika, ma viscose) ndi polyester.
Teflon samangokhala ndi chinyezi-zodzikongoletsera - komanso zimawonjezera mphamvu ya nkhani, imawonjezera moyo wake ndikuteteza ulusi kulowera kulowa mkati mwa ulusi. Choyipa cha makatani oterewa ndi mtengo wawo wokwera komanso malo oyipa omwe fumbi ndi mchere limatha kusonkhanitsidwa, chifukwa chisamalire.
Polyester
Polyester - zopangidwa ndi zinthu. Makatani a mabafa kuchokera kumafunika kuphatikizidwa motalika kocheperako kuposa nsalu zachilengedwe. Zinthu zomwe zili zokha zimakhala ndi zida zapamwamba.
Polyester
Kuphatikiza apo, polyester imakhala yolimba, kuvala kosagwirizana, kosavuta kusamalira. Zogulitsa zake zochokera zimatha kufafanizidwa. Zinthu sizimazimiririka, kusunga mawonekedwewo, sizimayambitsa mavuto.
Polyethylene
Polyethylene nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makatani - zotsika mtengo kwambiri, komanso osakhalitsa, osalimba, omwe amasakaza. Itha kuwonetsa ma carcinogens. Koma makatani onse a pulasitiki a bafa ali ndi zabwino zake.
Nsalu ya Polyethylene
Zinthu zoterezi zimasindikizidwa ndipo siziphonya nthunzi ndi madzi, zolimbana ndi kutentha kwa kutentha, musafunikire kulembetsa. Makatani a polyethylene sangakhale mtundu wokha, komanso wowoneka bwino. Makatani oterowo amafunika kusinthidwa miyezi 1-2.
Chonunkhira
Makatani a bafa kuchokera ku polyvinyl chloride (vinyl) akufunikira kwambiri chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwamitengo yotsika komanso yabwino. Mtundu wa vinyl umafanana ndi polyethylene, koma mawonekedwe ake aukadaulo ndiwokwera kwambiri.
Nsaru ya vinyl
Vinyl amasindikizidwa, okhazikika, samatenga dothi, ndikosavuta kuyeretsa. Itha kuthetsedwa pamanja. Zosiyanasiyana za zinthu zotere ndi zokulirapo. Nthawi yomweyo, kapangidwe ka vinyl kumatenga fungo ndipo lavala kwa miyezi 6-12.
Makatani abwino kwambiri komanso othandiza kwambiri opangidwa ndi zinthu zophatikizika, zomwe zimaphatikizapo minofu ndi pvc fiber. Zinthu zoterezi ndizombelidwa kwambiri, zimasindikizidwa kwambiri, kupirira kuchapa ndi kusenda mgalimoto, sizimawopa kufalikira, kugwedeza. Makatani amatumikira kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri.
Ndi chithunzi cha 3D
Photoocococunces ali ponseponse, kuphatikiza ndi 3D. Zithunzi zilizonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zotere. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi mitu yam'madzi, nyama, mawonekedwe, maluwa, maluwa, zilembo za katuni ndi zithunzi za kanema m'majambula ndi ena ambiri.
Nkhani pamutu: mwala mu holoy: njira zomalizira ndi zithunzi
Kusamba kwa nsalu yotchinga ndi chithunzi cha 3D
Mapulani pa nsalu yotchinga ikuwoneka, koma chojambulacho sichinasokonezedwe, chomwe ndi chofunikira kwambiri pazinthu zoterezi. Zithunzi za bafa - kupeza. Zovala zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, kwa nthawi yayitali ndikusunganso malingaliro oyambira njira yosindikiza ya UV. Amatha kufafanizidwa ngati makatani osavuta.
Photoshler ya bafa sikuti ndi chinthu chokha cha zokongoletsa, komanso zimakupatsaninso kuti muchepetse kukula kwa chipindacho.
Zosankha Zoyeserera
Malinga ndi njira yolumikizira maofesiwa, zopanga za makatani zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kusankha komwe kumadalira mawonekedwe osamba ndi zomwe nsabwe imapangidwira:
- Kuthamanga ndi ndodo ndi ndodo za ng'ona. Kapangidwe kameneka kamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa polyethylene, nsalu ndi polyester. Zovala zovala zimaphatikizidwa ndi barbell pogwiritsa ntchito mphete. Mapaipi amatha kukhala owongoka ndipo wopindika ngati mawonekedwe osamba amafunika. Ndikofunika kusankha zovala za pulasitiki - sizikhala dzimbiri m'mikhalidwe ya chinyezi chachikulu, ngati chitsulo, ndipo musang'amba chibwibwi. Potsegulira lakuthwa, zovala za pulasitiki pulasitiki zimatha kumasula nsalu yotchinga, komanso yachitsulo - yopuma.
Makatani othamanga
- Mapangidwe pamavuto - mtundu wokwera mtengo kwambiri. Njirayi siyigwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zazifupi komanso zazifupi komanso zotsika mtengo. Pankhaniyi, makatani amaphatikizidwa ndi bala mothandizidwa ndi mphetezo, koma mabowo amachitidwa mwachindunji mu zojambulajambula ndikuwadzaza ndi miyala yozungulira, mphete, mainchesi omwe amafanana ndi kukula kwa ndodo. Mapangidwe oyenda pamanja amakhala omasuka kwambiri. Makatani amasangalatsa, osagwa ndipo sabwera. Zovuta ndikuti mphete zachitsulo paka dzimbiri.
Kukweza khungu pamatunga
- Njira ina yopachika makatani pa barbell mothandizidwa ndi mphete - maginito maginito. Malupu omwe ali ndi matsenga kumapeto kwake amapangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena nsalu. Mtundu wofulumira uwu sudzasunga zinthu kuchokera ku minofu ndi zolemera. Mapangidwe a vinyl pa maginitsi sangakane. Koma nsalu yotchinga polyester kapena polyethylene yofewa imapachika bwino.
- Njira yosavuta yomangirira, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakudziyikitsa, - mthumba. Mphepete mwa chinsalu imanyengedwa ndipo kugwederera kuti ndodoyo iphatikizidwe mosavuta mu ndodo. Mutha kuvala chovala kumbali yolakwika ya gulu lankhondo, kusiya mphepete mwaulere. Tchati chomwe chili ndi thumba silovuta kusunthira maongowa. Zojambula zakhungu zimatha kuthandizira ntchito.
- Nthawi zina m'mabafa amasamba amagwiritsa ntchito nyumba zokhala ndi ma eaves. Pankhaniyi, unyolo kapena zolumikizira zimakhazikika m'mphepete mwa zikondwerero, zomwe zibowo za m'matambo zikufanana.
Samalani malamulo
Chisamaliro chimatengera mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe, zida zomwe makatani amapangidwira. Makatani amafunika kutsegulidwa pafupipafupi ndikutsukidwa. Zogulitsa zopangidwa ndi nsalu, polyester ndi vinyl monga amafunikira kutsukidwa ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, chitsulo. Osagwiritsa ntchito zonyansa, mabulosi okhwima ndi zovala zotsukira. Izi zitha kuwononga osanjikiza pamtunda wazinthuzo.
Kusamba kulikonse, makatani omwe amafunikira kutsuka, kugwedezeka, kuwongola ndi kuwuma, kotero kuti chinyezi sichimachedwa m'matanga.
Zothetsera zopanga ndi zomwe muyenera kusankha
Makatani m'bafa ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cha zokongoletsera. Kutengera mtundu wokongoletsedwa mchipindacho, sankhani njira yolimbikitsira ndikusinthana pa canvas.Mitundu yamapiri yosankhidwa mota kwa cafél kapena kupondaponda kwambiri. Idzakhala yosalowerera ngati nsalu yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono mumitundu kapena yokongoletsedwa ndi mailosi. Makatani owala mu bafa yokhala ndi mawonekedwe kapena 3D adzakhala owonjezera a mawu.
Imagwira ntchito ndi mawonekedwe ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, makatani amatha kutsimikizira mutu wa nsomba zomwe zili mkati kapena nsomba zowala komanso okhala m'madzi.
Kwa mawonekedwe a Scandinavia ndi kuwala - zoyera kapena mkaka - nsalu yotchinga. Ndizotheka - ndi mawonekedwe a monophhonic, mwachitsanzo, zithunzi zakuda.
Kwa mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri, mutha kusankha monochrome kapena kukongoletsedwa ndi mapangidwe azowonjezera a makatani okhala ndi zitsulo. Mphete, zojambulidwa ndi mitundu ina ya nyemba zachitsulo zimawoneka bwino.
Chipinda chokhazikika cha minimalis, chokongoletsa ndi choyenera kujambula. Kwa oyang'anira - makatani otchinga ndi mabwalo ndi mahorserapins. Kusankha malingaliro abwino kwambiri, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito thandizo la wopanga.
Momwe mungapangire tchati ndi manja anu
Pofuna kupanga nsalu yotchinga ndi manja anu, ndibwino kusankha polyester. Ngakhale zitalephera kupeza zinthu zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mwapadera, polyester ndipo popanda iyo ili ndi chinyezi chopanda chinyezi. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizosavuta kugwira nawo ntchito.
Bar idayikidwa malinga ndi mawonekedwe a bafa - mwachindunji kapena kupindika. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito cornice kapena waya.
Kukula kwa malonda kuyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa kusamba kokhala ndi Horpery. Mukatero, muyenera kukumbukira zokambirana za seams: zatsala pang'ono kumbali 2 masentimita, kuchokera pansi - 4 cm. Pakakhala thumba lomwe limalinganiza m'lifupi mwake poda. Choyamba, pindani konse m'mbali ndi kuphatikiza. Pansi pamphepete mwa kuwerama, mutha kuphatikiza unyolo kapena kulemera kwina.
Ngati nsalu yotchinga imayimitsidwa pa zovala za zovala, m'mphepete mwa kumtunda uyenera kulimbikitsidwa ndi ma flieseln. Polimbana, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina yachangu: malupu kapena mauta kuchokera nsalu yomweyo, thumba ndi ena. Malupu opangidwa kuchokera ku minofu yofananira.
M'lifupi limatengera kalembedwe kake, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi kuyambira m'mimba mwake momwe 1-2 masentimita chifukwa cha kusuntha makatani kumawonjezeredwa.
Ngozi ndizosavuta kuchita kawiri. Choyamba gwirani mbali yotsirizira ndi kumenyedwa kosavuta. Kenako amawoloka mbali ndi kuyamwa mkati, kukhetsa mozungulira ndikusoka nsalu yotchinga.
Malangizo
Nkhani pamutu: Kulumikizana ndi ma electroplite ndi manja anu