Kutheni uthobela iimfuno ze-PVC Iingcango ze-PVC zibaluleke kangaka? Qwalasela amalungiselelo aphambili omgangatho.
Owona mfuziselo
I-Interststate Gost 30970-2002 yamkelwe yiKhomishini eNkulu (i-Mntks) kwaye yamkelwe ngamazwe amathandathu: i-Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Moldova. Kwi-Russian Federation, abavelisi baxhomekeke kulo mgangatho ukusukela ngo-2003. Ukufika kuka-2002 ulawula iiparamitha zoyilo lweengcango, ubukhulu, ukuphambuka okufanelekileyo. Iimpawu zezinto zezinto ezizezixhobo, izixhobo eziHinged, iiprofayili ze-PVC zimisiwe. Ukuchaza ukumakisha, ukupakisha, iwaranti.
I-Gost 3097 yenzelwe ukwenziwa kweebhloko ze-PVC zonyango ezinendlela yokuyilwa kwenkqubo kwaye ivulekile ngendlela edumbileyo. I-gost echaziweyo ayikhathaleli iminyango ejongene ne-balcony kunye neengcango ezizodwa. Kungumgangatho xa ungqinisisa iingcango zePVC. I-Gosstandart I-30970 ukusukela ngo-2002 kubhekisa kwiindwendwe ezingama-25 ngezixhobo zokulinganisa izixhobo, izinto zendlu, izixhobo, iindlela zobuchule bokuvavanywa komgangatho, iimeko kunye nemigangatho yokufaka kunye nemigangatho yokufakwa.
Ukwahlulwa kweengcango ze-PVC ngokomgangatho ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Esekwe kwindawo oya kuyo, yabela:
- Ukungena ezitratweni
- tambour
- Ngaphakathi phakathi kwamagumbi kunye namagumbi, kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo kunye nazo zonke ezingaphakathi ngaphakathi.
Ngendlela yokugcwalisa:
- inyibilikisiwe
- andiva
- ukuhombisa
- Ukukhanya.
Iiglasi zokugcwaliswa zenziwa ngezinto ezininzi, zenziwe zaza zadityaniswa. Iingcango eziqinileyo zenziwa ngamashiti e-opaque. Ukukhanya komnyango okuqhuba emnyango-ngaphezulu kokungaphezulu, kwaye ngezantsi yi-opaque. Iminyango yokufakwa i-curly ibizwa ngokuba yihotele.
Ngokutsho koyilo, iimveliso ezine-canvas enye (ngasekhohlo nasekunene) nakwi-WEFT, ububanzi obahlukeneyo kunye nokuzaliswa, kunye nenani lezinto ezahlukeneyo zeprofayili zihlulelwe.
Ngokufumaneka kokugqitywa kokugqibela:
- mhlophe
- ipeyintiwe
- Ngamalenqe,
- i-lacqued.
Gost ubeka izinto ezimiselweyo. Umzekelo, i-DPV kwi-B pr 2100 - 970 ngumnyango ovuthayo ngaphandle komda, ivula ilungelo kunye neeparamitha ezichaziweyo kwiimilimitha.
Ngokuqukumbela isivumelwano sokubulawa, kuya kufuneka uchaze uyilo, izixhobo, uhlobo lokuvula kunye neentlobo zezobuchwephesha, iminqweno yoyilo kunye nechanekileyo.
Iimfuneko ze-Gost
Iingcango kufuneka zenziwe ngokweziki le kunye nemizobo ngokuhambelana netekhnoloji kunye nolandelelwano olufakelweyo. Uyilo lwesakhelo kufuneka lomelezwe ngamalungu entsimbi kwaye uqokelelwa kwiiprofayili ze-PVC. Ngakumbi ngokuxhomekeke ekomelezeni ii-angles. Umbundu, ukuba kunjalo, wenziwe ngentsimbi kwaye uzimisele ngokuqinileyo.
Inqaku lesihloko: I-Hose yeKholamu yegesi yokuqhagamshela kwigesi
Olu xwebhu luchaza ubufazi kunye neepateni zeminyango, iindlela zokuqhagamshela i-canvas kwaye zifake imveliso ngokwayo. Imizekelo yoYilo kunye nee-skettic zejometri zinikezelwa ukugcwalisa iminyango ngokwe-92 30 ukusukela ngo-2002, kwiinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zeengcango zeminyango eneziindlela zokutywina.
Ngokwe-Gost No. 30970, kungabikho ngaphezulu kwe-6 sq.m kwenziwa ukusuka ngo-2002, kwaye nganye ifumene inxenye inqunyelwe kwi-2,5 sq.m. Ubunzima bomnyango bufakwe kwi-80 kg. Ukuba iingcango zidlula kule mida, ukubala kwazo kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngezifundo ezongezelelweyo zeLebhu.
Iingcango ze-anti-qanda iingcango zinokuxhaswa ziiglasi ukuya kwi-10 mm, baye bomeleza ii-angles, kunye nolungiso olukhethekileyo lokuvalwa, iikrikhi ezizodwa, iikrikhi ziyafakwa. Ukomeleza kweembombo kuveliswe izabelo ezomeleleyo. Kukwakhona ngeendlela ezisemgangathweni zokufumana ulwazi malunga nokufumana ubuchwephesha.
Uyilo lomnyango kufuneka lubandakanye ukuvulwa kwe-ventilation yee-cavies zangaphakathi (isibini ezantsi nangaphezulu). Inani kunye nendawo ye-slots zetekhnoloji zichaziwe kumgangatho.
Zonke iimveliso ze-PVC zazo zenziwa ngokweemfuno zoKhuseleko, ngakumbi amaziko abantwana kunye nezihlalo zokufuduka kwabantu apho kuthwale khona.
Imithwalo kufuneka ihambelane nemigangatho. Ukufakwa kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngokomizobo ye-gost.
Ukuqina okukhulu okuvumelekileyo kwi-mm kusetwe ngolo hlobo:
| Ubukhulu | Iibhokisi (ngaphakathi) | Izakhelo (ngaphandle) | Umsantsa | Imilinganiselo yezinto ezinyuliweyo |
| Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1000 | +/- 1. | -Nye | +1. | +/- 1. |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-2000 ukuya kwi-2000 ebandakanya | + 2-1 | +/- 1. | +1 -0.5 | |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-2000. | +2 -1 | +1 -2. | +1.5 - 0.5. |
Umahluko kubude be-canvas ayivumelekanga ukuba idlule kwi-2 mm kwindawo yesiqingatha semitha kunye ne-3 mm enendawo enkulu, kwaye inzuzo ayisayi kuba ngaphezulu kwe-0,7 mm. Zonke iiparameter zeGrooves zichaziwe kuxwebhu.
Iimpawu zeminyango zidityaniswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
| Igama | Ixabiso lamanani |
| Ukuxhathisa kubushushu bokudlulisela ubushushu, i-KV / M kwisichotho ngesichotho se-C / W. | |
| Akukho ngaphantsi kwe-16 mm | I-0.8. |
| Akukho ngaphantsi kwe-20 mm | 1.0 |
| Akukho ngaphantsi kwe-24 mm | 1.2. |
| Inqanaba lokufumana le-pla | 26. |
| I-Airflow Speciotion kwi-DP = I-10PA, i-cube m / (h * sq.m) | 3.5 |
| Inani lokuvalwa kunye nokuvuleka | I-500000. |
| Ukuqina, iminyaka | |
| Iprofayile yePVC | 40. |
| Iglasi-Compa | Amashumi amabini |
| Ukutywina kweNgxowa-mali | 10 |
Inqaku lesihloko: Umgangatho ofudumeleyo phantsi kwekhaphethi: Ikhaphethi eshushu kunye ne-heat yombane, yenza-ngokwakho
Iibhloko zomnyango zahlulwe ngamandla amaqela A, B, B, kwaye ube namandla emilinganiselo ye-tic, ngokwahlukeneyo, kwi-H: i-3000 ne-1000 kunye ne-1000.
Imithwalo ekuvuleni nasekuvuleni iminyango inikezelwe etafileni.
| Iqela lamandla | Umgama ovela kuyo umthwalo owayo kwi-cm | Ubunzima kwi-kg |
| Kodwa | I-80. | Amashumi amabini |
| B. | Amashumi amahlanu | Amashumi amabini |
| Ngaphakathi | 40. | 10 |
Itheyibhile enefuthe kwimpembelelo ye-30 kg.
| Iqela lamandla | Umgama ovela kuyo umthwalo owayo m | Ubunzima kwi-kg |
| Kodwa | 1.5 | I-450. |
| B. | 1.0 | I-300. |
| Ngaphakathi | 0.5 | 60. |
Iinzame zokucamagushela akufuneki zibe ngaphezulu kwe-120n, kunye nokuvula - 75n.
Iingcango ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo kufuneka ngokwemigangatho, umahluko wombala kwindawo yokukhanyiselwa okuqhelekileyo akufuneki ukuba njalo. Kwiindawo ze-welding, umbala wawungenakuhluka kwaye kungabikho mpahla kwimithungo.
Kumphezulu wefilimu ye-tendelizeli yefilimu ukukhusela. Zonke izinto zecandelo kufuneka ziphendule kubungqina, kwaye ezona zinto ziphambili zivavanywa kwiilebhu ezinelungelo.
Iimfuno zotshintsho lwemozulu zinikezelwe kwiiprofayili kwaye zifaka ngokweziporho kuzo.
Izinto zangaphandle zivunyelwe kwisicelo somthengi ngombala owahlukileyo. Iimveliso zikhuselwe ngokwemiphumo ye-ultraviolet kwaye itshintshe imibala phantsi kwempembelelo yayo.
Ukufakwa kwentsimbi kusetyenziswa kukhuseleko lokungabikho, kwaye i-aluminium inokusetyenziswa kuphela ehambelana namandla anikezelweyo. Ukufaka ubungakanani babalwa ngokusekwe kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza. I-liner ilungisiwe kunye nokuzikhetha okanye isikhafu esisekwe ngemigangatho. Ukudibanisa amanyathelo kutshoneniswa kovavanyo lweengcango zangaphandle-akukho ngaphezulu kwe-400 mm, kunye neeprofayili zemibala-e ngaphezulu kwe-300mm. I-liners enyulu ifakwe ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa, ngesandla.
Iimfuneko zokugcwalisa nokutywinwa
Amatywina
Iibhloko ze-opaque zenziwa yi-macala amathathu ngokuzalisa i-PVC Fom. Ivumelekile ukuba izalise iphepha kwaye ijongene nezinto. Uyilo lwezinto ezibandayo zibonelela ngendlela engaphandle ukusuka ngaphandle.
Ukugcwaliswa kwe-translucent yenziwa ngeglasi eyomeleleyo kwizinto ezininzi kwaye unokukhuselwa okuchasene ne-skid. Uxwebhu olulawulayo luvumela ukusetyenziswa kweeglasi ezimnyama. Akuvumelekanga ukuba isebenzise iglasi engafakwanga yobungakanani obukhulu kunye nobunzima obuncinci. Ukomeleza iiglasi, iinduli kunye nenkqubo yokuhlobisa iyasetyenziswa. Ukucofa kweglasi ngamabhulukhwe kwenziwa ngobunzulu be-18 mm.
Inqaku ngesihloko: kwiTV eyakhiwe kwi-TV ekhitshini
Iifestile ezinamafutha kabini zifakwe kwiirhasi zenzekile:
- Isiseko
- kude
- Isalathiso.
Iifestile zeglasi
Isalathiso senza umsebenzi wokubamba ubunzima beyunithi yeglasi, esetyenziselwa ukugqithisa izithuba ezifunekayo. Isiseko esisisiseko sisebenza ngolungelelwaniso. Iziseko ezisisiseko zinobude obulinganayo okanye zingaphantsi kwenkxaso kwaye zikude, kwaye zinokudibanisa imisebenzi yezi ziva. I-lining kufuneka ibe nkulu kancinane kunobukhulu bephakheji yeglasi. Ukufakwa kweglasi kufuneka ihambelane nomgangatho othathela ingqalelo ubunzima bayo kunye noyilo. I-lining yenziwa ukusuka kwi-thelymers ye-themosmospheric. Ngexesha lokuthuthuka, ukhuseleko kufuneka lukhuseleke kwi-offsets.
Kwindiza enye, iphakheji yeglasi yenziwe ukuya kwi-lineng ezimbini. Ukuthenga akumkelekanga. Kwiingcango ngokuqulunqwa kwezinto eziphuculweyo zongezwa ukongeza. Amatywina enziwa kwi-elastic polymers. Ukufakwa kweStroke akuvumelekanga. Amatywina angaphandle kufuneka athabathe ubushushu osisixotha kunye nokufuma kwaye kulingane ngokuqinileyo.
Iirhasi zembombo akufuneki ziqukethe ukukhululwa kwaye zifumanise imithwalo eyongezelelweyo kwiglasi. Iinqaba kunye ne-canopies kufuneka zenzelwe ngokukodwa iingcango ze-PVC. Ukuvala kunye nokuvula iminyango kufuneka igudile.
Ulawulo kunye nezixhobo
Ukugqibelela
Ukuphelela kufuneka kwenziwe ngokungqinelana nomyalelo. Ukubonelelwa kweemveliso ezingezo zifakwe kunye nokuhambisa okwahlukileyo kweefestile ezinamaphiko kabini ayisiyophuli. Kwimveliso yomzi-mveliso, umnyango kufuneka uxhotywe ngokupheleleyo ngazo zonke izongezelelo kwaye ugqunywe yifilimu ukukhusela umphezulu wangaphandle. Xa Usiwe, iphakheji ibandakanya:
- Iimveliso zencwadana yokundwendwela,
- Imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa kunye nokufakwa,
- Ukumakisha.
Ukumakisha iqulethe igama lomvelisi, inombolo yoku-odola, umhla wemveliso, uphawu lolawulo olusemgangathweni.
Imigaqo yolawulo imithetho ilawulwa yimiyalelo yomenzi, ulawulo lwenziwa ngokusika. Iindlela zolawulo zisetiwe kumaxwebhu.
Ukugcinwa kunye nokuhamba kweengcango zenziwa kwiingcango zenziwa ngokuhambelana namanyathelo okhuselo kumonakalo, iziphumo zokufuma, amaqondo obushushu ahla kunye nemitha ye-ultraviolet. Xa igcinwe, iimveliso zipakishwe ngeegesi ezithambileyo. Ukuba nezona, kuyimfuneko ukuma phantsi kwekona elincinci kwi-pillet emthini kwindawo yokugcina okanye kwizikhongozeli. Iwaranti kwiminyango evela kwi-polyvinyl chloride ngunyaka omnye ukusuka kumzuzu wokuhambisa ukusuka kumzi-mveliso. Ngokubanzi, iingcango ze-PVC azinatyhefu, ukuthantamisa-unganyangeki.