Ukuthenga ubuchule obutsha, bambalwa abantu abajonga iimfuno zoncedo lwamandla, kwaye ngelize. Kwizindlu ezindala, xa ufaka itekhnoloji enamandla, kukho iingxaki: Kunokuba yimfuneko ukutsala umgca owahlukileyo. Ukunxibelelanisa iphaneli yokupheka ukugcina iwaranti ifuna ukuthotyelwa kwayo yonke iimfuno zePue. Oku kuthetha ukuba ufuna umgca onikezelweyo onecandelo lomnqamlezo ohambelana nalo, kunye ne-Automaton ekhuselweyo efakwe kumgca. Lo mgca unokuphela ngokuphuma okhethekileyo kwaye inokuba yibhokisi yesiphelo. Ukuba i-Soket ifakwe, intambo ukusuka kumphezulu wokupheka kufuneka uphele ngefoloko yamandla, xa ifaka ibhokisi yesiphelo, iziphelo zeengcingo zixakekile, ungawazalisa kwaye ubaguqule kwi-ring.
Siyayiqonda indlela yokuqhagamshela indawo yokupheka
Izikimu zoqhagamshelo lwepaneli ezifudumeleyo
Phantse zonke iimodeli ezintsha zokupheka zaseYurophu ezinokuqhagamshelwa kwinethiwekhi ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo. Kwilizwe lethu kukho imigangatho emibini: inethiwekhi yesigaba esinye se-220 v kunye nesithathu senqanaba 380 V. Kwezinye izindlu 220v, kukho izigaba ezibini. Ukuba sithetha ngenani kunye nemibala yeengcingo, emva koko kunokwenzeka:
- Inethiwekhi yesigaba esinye 220 v.
- Abaqhubi ababini. Ifunyanwa kwizindlu zesakhiwo esidala. Kule meko, iingcingo zombala ofanayo. Unokufumana isigaba usebenzisa i-prober (i-screwdriver) okanye i-tester. Kulula ukusebenza ngeProbe: Ukuba xa uchukumisa i-Probe kwinxalenye yangoku, izibane ze-LED-izibane ze-LED-esi sisigaba ukuba asinguye - ukungathathi cala (zero).
- Iingcingo ezintathu. Rhoqo, iingcingo zinemibala. Ibomvu okanye i-brown sisigaba, iblowu okanye iblowu-zero (engathathi hlangothi), etyheli-eluhlaza-umhlaba. Ukuba iingcingo ziyafana, isigaba yinkqubo, kwaye ukumisela ukungathathi cala kuya kufuneka ukhangele i-Multeter okanye i-tester.
- Inethiwekhi 220 v kunye nezigaba ezibini. Le sele igqityiwe kwizakhiwo ezitsha, kodwa kunqabile ukuba ifumaneke. Iingcingo zenqanaba kule meko zimnyama kwaye zimdaka, zingathathi hlangothi, njengesiqhelo, zisiqhelo, zityheli-luhlaza.
- Uqhagamshelo lwesigaba amathathu 380 V. Xa ujonge imibala engathathi cala kunye nomhlaba unombala oqhelekileyo, kwaye izigaba zityheli-luhlaza-luhlaza-luhlaza-oluhlaza okanye olungelulo lomgangatho omnyama obomvu-mnyama.
Iinketho zonxibelelwano zenye yeemodeli
Ukuze ungazenzi impazamo, nokuba ubona onke amagama ogama, kungcono ukukhangela yonke into (umnxeba): Ngokwesiqhelo abakhi badidekile xa befaka. Ukuze kungabikho ngxaki, jonga kwaye utyikitywe (hangs tag).
I-PeCality yeephaneli zokupheka kukuba zihlala zingahamba ngaphandle kwe-cord yenethiwekhi. Akukabikho ke kubavelisi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba banokuqhagamshela kwizikimu ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ukusuka kwisithathu (esivela kubini) ukuya kwiingcingo ezintandathu. Kuba iingcingo zokudibanisa imitha yamandla, kuyimfuneko ukuthenga intambo yenethiwekhi. Kuthatha icandelo elinye njengakwimigangatho engaphantsi kwamanzi, kuphela ilungele ukusebenzisa i-started - zifakwe kakuhle.
Indlela yokuqhagamshela iingcingo kwibhokisi yejunction efundwayo apha.
Qhagamshela kwinethiwekhi yenqanaba elinye
Uninzi lwemibuzo iphakama ukuba iyimfuneko ukunxibelelana nephaneli yokupheka yombane kwinethiwekhi ye-220 v. Iphaneli yesithathu - iSigaba esiSithathu - i-L3, i-N2 kunye ne-PE, kwaye Kwigumbi kuphela ezintathu okanye ngokubanzi iingcingo ezimbini (kwizindlu zesakhiwo esidala). Ayoyiki-kuyimfuneko ukufaka i-jumpers, kodwa kuqala sikhangela apho i-terminals ibekwe kwipaneli yokupheka.
Iphaneli encinci enezigqibo zinokwenza ngaphezulu komphezulu, kwaye mhlawumbi ziqwalaselwe
Ukufika kwiingcingo, sifumana isiciko esincinci ngasemva. Ingayintloko okanye iplasitiki, iqhotyoshelwe emzimbeni ngezikrweqe okanye ezikrinta. Yisuse. Ngaphakathi kukho ibhloko yesiphelo esineenombolo ezintandathu. Ukuba iingcingo ezisekhaya zintathu, ii-hobs zidityaniswa nabafowunelwa:
- Iingcingo zesigaba ezithathu kunye (L1, L2, L3);
- ukungathathi cala ezimbini n1 kunye ne-N2;
- Umhlaba (Luhlaza) ucingo lubandakanya umhlaba.
Ukuba izixhobo zathengiwe kwivenkile, kufuneka ize ne-jumpers, edibanisa zonke iingcingo ezichaziweyo. Iingcingo ze-cord yenethiwekhi ziqhagamshelwe kule meko kwiqela ngalinye labafowunelwa: inye kwisigaba, enye-kwaye ityheli-eluhlaza-emhlabeni.
Ukuqhagamshela ipaneli yokupheka kwigridi yamandla: Ke kufuneka i-jumpers yenethiwekhi yesigaba esinye i-220 v
Ukuba i-jumpers ilahlekile kwenye indawo, ungabenza kwi-wire yobhedu ngecandelo le-6 mM2. Ukuyidibanisa ngakumbi, sebenzisa iingcebiso-fork okanye umsesane, ngubani ofanelekileyo. Kuyinto efanelekileyo ukuphelela iingcingo ezinomnqweno omninzi, kwaye ukusuka kwithambo elinye kulula ukugoba amakhonkco.
Iingcebiso ezikwanti
Ngeingcingo ezintathu kwinethiwekhi 220, uqhagamshelo lwephaneli yokupheka iya kujongeka ngathi yifoto engezantsi. Nceda uqaphele: "Umhlaba" ucingela unxibelelwano luqhagamshele kumgaqo-nkqubo wesokisi, isigaba sinokuba ngasekunene okanye sasekhohlo - kodwa iingcingo ezikwiphandle kufuneka ziqhawule umtshato. Akunakwenzeka.
Umzobo woqhagamshelo lwephaneli yokupheka kwinethiwekhi yesigaba esinye
Ukuba iingcingo ezivela kwimitha iza kuphela ezimbini, ungangena ngeendlela ezimbini:
- Yenza isekethe eyahlukileyo yomhlaba
- "Umhlaba" awusebenzi kwaphela.
Ukufakelwa i-lop yomhlaba iyafuneka ukuba ufuna ukugcina iwaranti: Xa uqhagamshelwe ngaphandle kokufumana indawo yokupheka (kwanomtshato ocacileyo womzi-mveliso) kwi-Wallrantiy Iliwa.
Ungayidibanisa njani ipaneli yokupheka ezi-4
Iimodeli ezininzi ze-electrolix (i-electrorolux) kunye ne-zanussi (zanusssi) yiya nentambo efakiweyo. Kubonakala ngathi kulungile, kodwa ineengcingo ezine: zero, umhlaba kunye nesigaba sesibini (emnyama no-brown). Ukuba zintathu zazo eflethini- ayicacanga ukuba yeyiphi kwaye inike indawo: Ukudibanisa ucingo oluphambili abane ukusuka kwiphaneli yokupheka ineempawu zayo zokupheka.
Ungayidibanisa njani ukuba iingcingo ezi-4 zivela kumphezulu wokupheka, kwaye ekuphumeni zezithathu
Kule meko, kwakhona fumana indawo yeziphelo ngasemva kwetyala. Isivalo kwiimodeli ezinjalo zeplastiki, kwaye hayi kwi-bolts, kodwa kwizikrini. Yiza nje nescrewdriver.
Ukuvula ibhokisi, khangela ukuphuma "kumhlaba" (etyheli-luhlaza). Kufutshane ne-jumper ibe ngamagalelo amabini. Siyithatha kwaye sidibanise isigaba sesibini isigaba-l1 kunye ne-L2 (abaqhubi bemnyama nabangenamdaka) baxhunyiwe. Ukuthintela nje abafowunelwa (ukuguqula isikrikhi ngesikere), sebenzisa i-jumper, emva kokuba abafowunelwa beqiniswe. Yonke enye into ngaphandle kotshintsho. Kwixa elizayo, xa iplagi iqhagamshelwe, kuphela i-wire emdaka kuphela, kwaye umnyama yinkqantosi (ngcono-ityhubhu ye-sub.
Ungayiqhagamshela njani i-RJ-45 ye-intanethi kwaye ufunde isinxibelelanisi apha.
Ukuqhagamshela ipaneli yokupheka ukuya kwi-380 v
Ukuqhagamshela ipaneli yokupheka kwinethiwekhi yesigaba se-3, intambo yabaqhubi abahlanu abaneqela le-2,5 mm2 liyafuneka. I-core-core okanye ilahlekile-ukhetho.
Kule meko, i-jumper iyimfuneko kuphela kwiingcingo ezimbini zokungathathi cala-N1 kunye ne-N2 (kwezinye iimodeli kukho kuphela i-dijithali kuphela, kukho i-4 ne-5 yokuphuma kwemveliso). Awudingi ukutshintsha nantoni na kwiingcingo zenqanaba: Isigaba ngasinye siqhagamshelwe enye yeengcingo zenqanaba.
Intambo yokuqhagamshela ipaneli yokupheka kwinethiwekhi yesigaba emithathu
Intambo inokuba nombala onjalo njengakwifoto, kwaye mhlawumbi enye. Ngokutsho komgangatho wesigaba wesibini, imibala yile: ibomvu, ityheli, iluhlaza. Oku akubalulekanga kangako. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukudibanisa zonke iingcingo kwifolokhwe, kwaye ungabadibanisi ekwiphandle.
Ungayidibanisa njani iplagi yephaneli yokupheka i-380 v
Nceda uqaphele ukuba kule meko ingathathi cala iqhagamshelwe phezulu, umhlaba usezantsi, kwaye iingcingo zenqanaba phakathi. I-odolo efanayo kufuneka iphindwe kwindawo yokuphuma.
Ukuba kukho intambo ukusuka kwi-4 iintlobo malunga nezixhobo, esinye sezigaba kwiplagi asisetyenziswanga. YINTONI into efanayo, ungasebenzisi ikhukhi enye kwindawo yokuphuma.
I-220v enezigaba ezibini
Ukuba iingcingo ezine zifika kwigumbi lokuphumla kwaye ukusuka kwiphaneli-yonke into ilula. Qhagamshela imibala efanelekileyo. Iingxoxo zihlala zenzekile: Izigaba - umnyama kwaye mdaka, zero - luhlaza, umhlaba - luhlaza. Ubunzima buvela ukuba iziphumo zesithandathu okanye intambo ihamba ngeengcingo ezintlanu.
Njengoko unokuqikelela, izigaba ezimbini zidityanisiwe. Amandla asasele kwaye edibanisa ukungathathi cala ezimbini (ukuba ikhona). Yonke enye into inxibelelanisa abafowunelwa beplagi efanelekileyo.
Qhagamshela kwinethiwekhi yesigaba esibini
Indawo ifana: Ngaphezulu kokungathathi hlangothi, ezantsi ngumhla, embindini wesigaba. Ungalibali, ngeliphi inqanaba lesigaba ongazenzisiyo ukuba ungayi reso.
Intambo kunye nokukhetha ezenzekelayo
Njengoko sele uyiqonde, kuya kufuneka ubeke umgca owahlukileyo kwikhaka kwiphaneli yokupheka. Eyona nto inokwenzeka ukuba uza kufihlwa, kwibhokisi, i-corugation okanye ukubetha. Ivumelekile ukuba isebenzise intambo yobhedu:
- Inethiwekhi yesikizi enye kumandla esixhobo sombane ukusuka kwi-5.5 kw ukuya kwi-7.7 KW kwicandelo le-6 mM2 (WG 3 * 6 okanye i-PVS 3 * 6);
- Kwinqanaba lesithathu ukuya kumandla, 16.4 kw eyoneleyo 5 * 2.5 mm2 (Kuvb 5 * 2.5 okanye kgvv 5 * 2.5);
Emva kokuhamba ukusuka kwimitha, kufuneka ufake umatshini. Le mfuneko inyanzelekile. Kukho iingcebiso-zokukhusela izixhobo kwaye ziqinisekise ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo ukufaka i-RCD (isixhobo sokukhusela). Iqela elinjalo likuvumela ukuba ucime amandla kungekuphela nje xa kugqitha (ukusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo), kodwa kunye neengxaki zokufakelwa (i-RCD ibangelwa). U-Uzo-Into ayisiyo ixabiso eliphantsi, kodwa iphaneli yokupheka ingabizi kakhulu, ngoko kungcono ungagcini.
Izikimu zonxibelelwano zephaneli yokupheka ibe yimitha yombane
Malunga neeparameter zezi zixhobo:
- Inethiwekhi yesikizi enye, sithatha umatshini 32 umatshini ozenzekelayo, u-Uzo 40 A ngo-Sweddown owahlukileyo kwi-30 ma.
- Kwisigaba sesithathu - isixhobo esizenzekelayo se-16 A kunye ne-Uzo kwi-25 a ngo-shutdown owahlukileyo kwi-30 ma.
Ziqhagamshelwe phakathi kwazo ngamacandelo eecandelo zecandelo elinye (lenkqubo kwifoto engentla): kwinethiwekhi 220 v 6 mm2, kwinethiwekhi ye-380 v 2 MM2.
Umatshini kunye nonxibelelwano lwe-Uzo
Malunga nendibano yekhusi yombane yenze ngokwakho apha.
Isokethi kunye ne-fork
Ukuqhagamshela iphaneli yokupheka kufuneka kwenziwe kusetyenziswa iivenkile zamandla kunye neefolokhwe okanye ibhokisi yesiphelo. Iivenkile zamandla kunye neefolokhwe zenzelwe imijikelezo engaphezulu kwe-10 A, eyenziwe ngeplastiki ekhethekileyo, inokuba nesivalo. Umthetho wokukhetha ulula: I-Rated Rited ayifanelanga ukuba ingabi ngaphantsi komatshini okwangoku. Oko kukuthi, ukunxibelelanisa isixhobo sombane kwi-7.7 kw kwinethiwekhi yesigaba esinye sithatha i-32 A, kwiSigaba esithathu-nge-16 A.
Ingathini i-rosettes kunye neeplagi zephaneli yokupheka
Akukho nqanaba linye, ke imilo kunye nendawo enokwahluka, kubalulekile ukuba inani elifunekayo labafowunelwa kunye neempawu zombane zilungele. Cacisa ishishini: Kungcono ukuthethelela uphawu oluqinisekisiweyo, hayi iimveliso zaseTshayina.
Ungayiqhagamshela intambo kwisixhobo kwaye uyondla kwibhokisi yesiphelo. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuba olunye uqhagamshelo olungaqhagamshelwanga, "ngqo" okanye "ngqo". Ithembekile ngakumbi, kodwa ukucima ipleyiti kuya kufuneka uye kwikhaka yombane kwaye ucime iswitshi kwi-RCD okanye ngomatshini.
Ibhokisi yesiphelo senethiwekhi yesigaba sesithathu
Unxibelelwano lwesigaba sesithathu, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-SCHINEER SILT 102X100X37 IP44 40A (KLK-5s) ibhokisi. Ayibizi, kodwa ithembekile kwaye ijongeka inesidima: awungekhe uzifihle. Ingasetyenziselwa inethiwekhi ye-220 v-wire enecandelo le-6 mm2 kwizikhululo eziya kuba zezigaba ezongezelelweyo ezazo zingenanto. Unxibelelwano, iingcingo zifakwe kwimingxunya efumaneka ecaleni, kwaye ziqinile ziibhotile ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo kwifoto.
Njengoko ubona, kwizibini ezibini eziphambili zabafowunelwa bokuqhagamshela izigaba (1,2,3). Ngezantsi - umhlaba kunye nokungathathi cala. Kwelinye icala, intambo yokutya iqalile, kwelinye - ukusuka kwisixhobo sombane.
Ukuba unqwenela, ungagcina kwaye uthenge ibhloko elula, kodwa ngonxibelelwano olusemgangathweni kunye nebhokisi yokuphakamisa eyahlukileyo ngesivalo.
Inketho ilula
Iingcingo ezifana nezo terminals zixhunyiwe: amakhonkco (njengakwifoto engentla) yenziwa ukusuka kwisiphelo sentambo yobhedu, ezifakwe kwizikrelem ezincinci ezinazo. Ucingo lufakwe kwisokethi, umfowunelwa uqinile ngesikere.
Ukuba ucingo luphawulwe, iringi kuyo inengxaki. Emva koko unokusebenzisa iingcebiso (iifoto ekuqaleni kwenqaku). Zikhutshiwe ngamatikiti (inokutshintshwa yindawo).
Zonke ezi ziimpawu eziphambili. Ngoku unxibelelwano oluzimeleyo lwephaneli yokupheka ayiyi kuba yingxaki. Kuyimigaqo efanayo yesenzo kwaye xa iqhagamshela ezinye iindlela zobuchule kumandla afanayo. Ngombane kancinane, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba uthathe icandelo elincinci labaqhubi be-Autotata.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ukukhuliswa kweSeams ye-Plasterboard: Izixhobo kunye neendlela zobuchule