Izitezi zamanzi ezifudumele zendlu yangasese ziyindlela ekhethwa kakhulu kunazo zonke kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo zangaphandle zokushisa. Inzuzo eyinhloko yokusizakala kwazo kungokomnotho kanye nekhono lokushisa ngempumelelo izindawo ezinkulu.
Imvamisa, ipayipi eliqinile elivela e-polyethylene lisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho kujikeleza khona okupholile. Kodwa-ke, imvamisa amakhosi azenzela asebenzisa amapayipi e-polypropylene, okuyizi zinhlelo ezijwayelekile zokushisa odongeni zivame ukufakwa. Kungenzeka yini ukuba uyisebenzise ezinhlelweni zokushisa phansi, futhi uma yebo - indlela yokuhlanganisa phansi okufudumele kwamapayipi e-polypropylene kahle?
I-Polyethylene ne-PolyPropylene: Izinzuzo nobunzima
Ngaphambi kokuthi unikeze okukhethayo kwenye inketho noma enye indlela, sizocubungula imininingwane eminingi evela ku-polyethylene ne-polypropylene.Stitched polyethylene
Amapayipi wesimanje we-polyethylene awanawo umthungo
Ngegama elithi "polyethylene", futhi lithunyelwe, iningi labantu abajwayelekile abajwayelekile liphakamisa ngokushesha isithombe sontekenteke futhi siphilile, kepha lokhu akukhona nhlobo. Ubuchwepheshe besimanje bukuvumela ukuthi uwele izinto ngendlela yokuthi akukho mthungo phezu kwepayipi, kwenze buthaka amandla esakhiwo.
Muva nje, ama-polyethylene hoses afakwe umthungo omude, okungazange kubenze bahlala isikhathi eside. Ngenxa yendawo evame kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwabo, amakamelo ehlobo nemindeni ayesetshenziswa, lapho ayekajwayele ukunisela amatshe.
Kepha i-polyethylene, ihlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe besimanje, ikhuphuke amandla. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngepayipi epulasitiki kabusha, okungukuthi, ngokwengeziwe ekushiseni kokushisa. Ukwakheka kodonga lwepayipi elinjalo kungumugqa onezici ezintathu ngezibopho eziqinile zamangqamuzana. Lokhu kutholakala ngeqiniso lokuthi ukushiswa kwepayipi kuhamba ezingeni lamangqamuzana, ngenxa yalokho, kwakhiwa i-Monolithic Compact.
Amapayipi anjalo, ngokusho kwabakhiqizi, angakwazi ukumelana nengcindezi kuze kufike ku-20. Amandla anjalo atholakala ngokwengxenye eqinisweni lokuthi ezinhlafunweni ezifudumele eziphansi, kusetshenziswa ishubhu eliqinile eliguquguqukayo elingenazo izinkinobho.
Phakathi kwemizuzu ye-polyethylene efudumele phansi, ukumelana kwawo okunganele kwangaphandle okutholwa kwangaphandle kungaphawulwa.
Ingcindezi evela ngaphandle ingathatha ipayipi, elizodala izinkinga ngokusakazwa kokuphola ohlelweni, ngakho-ke izincomo zokushisa i-polyethylene zinconyelwe ukuba zimbozwe nge-Schell eyingqayizivele evikela kusuka ekucindezelweni kusuka esivalweni saphansi.
I-Polypropylene
Amapayipi enziwe kulokhu kwaziwa kwaziwa namuhla cishe wonke umuntu. Kwakungaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi edlule kangangokuba eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, ekwakhiweni kwe- "Classics" ngendlela yamapayipi amanzi ensimbi.
Amashubhu we-polypropylene anebanga lonke lezinzuzo ezingafinyeleleki:
- Impilo yesevisi ende, ifinyelela ngokufakwa okulungile kuze kube yiminyaka engama-50.
- Ukumelana okuphezulu kumakhemikhali ahlukahlukene wamakhemikhali. Kulokhu, hhayi kuphela amanzi, kepha futhi no-antifreeze noma i-ethylene glycol ingasetshenziswa njenge-coolant.
I-Polypropylene ingenamsindo omncane futhi omncane lapho amanzi edlula ngamapayipi
- Ukumelana nokugqwala nokuvutha kwamasawoti nokugqwala. I-polypropylene ingenandaba ngokuphelele nama-molecule wamanzi, ngakho amapayipi awasongeli ngokugqwala, noma ukugqwala, futhi indawo ebushelelezi, futhi indawo ebushelelezi yangaphakathi ivimbela amadiphozi ezindongeni zezulu ezahlukahlukene eziqukethwe yindawo epholile.
- Izinga lomsindo elincishisiwe. Lapho ujikeleza uketshezi kumapayipi, umsindo ucishe wamunwa ngokuphelele ngodonga olungama-polyproplene oluningi oluningi.
- Amandla aphezulu emishini. I-polypropylene tube icishe ibe nzima ukudlulisa ngokungafani nezilwane ezithambile ze-polyethylene, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukufihla izinto zokushisa kusuka ku-polypropylene kuthayi lukakhonkolo.
Ube nezinhlelo zokushisa kanye nezingqinamba zazo. Okokuqala, lokhu kungukulinganiselwa emithanjeni eyakha i-7.5 Atmorsheres yengcindezi kanye + 95 kusuka ekushiseni okuphezulu. Izinga lokushisa elinconyiwe lingukuthi + 75 C.
Ukuze ugobe izinto ezinjalo zidinga imishini ekhethekile
Uma la mapharamitha esedlulile, i-polypropylene iqala ukuba nodlame futhi yanda kakhulu kumavolumu. Elinye ama-minus amapayipi anjalo ukuqina ngokweqile.
I-polypropylene "inyoka" noma amapayipi e-polyethylene, akunakwenzeka ukuthi aphumelele, ngakho-ke lapho ufaka phansi okufudumele kusuka ku-polypropylene, ngeke kube nzima ukukwenza ngaphandle kwe- "Iron" yokuxhuma izinto ngazinye.
Kuzokwenziwa ubuhlakani kanjani, amandla endawo yonke yokushisa ancike ukunaka okukhethekile emandleni nokuqina kwamakhompiyutha.
Ngemuva kokujwayela nazo zonke izinzuzo nokubi kwe-polypropylene ne-polyethylene, ungenza ukukhetha okufanelekile kwakho.
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokusebenzisa amashubhu e-polypropylene njengezinto ezibonakalayo phansi, kufanele uzijwayeze ngezindlela eziphambili zokuzikhethela kwazo.
Ukukhetha amapayipi e-polypropylene
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamapayipi e-polypropylene emakethe yanamuhla. Ukuze ube nohlelo oluqinile futhi olusebenzayo lokufudumeza kwangaphandle, kuyadingeka ukuthi usondele ekukhetheni uhlobo lwe-polypropylene.Ungqimba olulodwa
Ukuqokwa kwe-RRN. Lolu hlobo lwe-polymer lwenziwe ngalo okubizwa ngokuthi yi-homopolypropylene. Amapayipi e-PIR-polypropylene ahloselwe izinhlelo zokufaka umoya omncane nezinhlelo zokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi ezibandayo.
Kukhuphuka kusuka phansi kokushisa kwamanzi akunconywa ngenxa yokumelana okuphansi kumazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Izinto ezimi ukucindezela kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu
Ukuqokwa kwe-RRV. Kwenziwa amapayipi anjalo angqimba olungawodwa kusuka ku-polypropylene block copolymer. Zihlukaniswa ngokumelana nokwanda kwengcindezi kanye nokushisa, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziselwa phansi okufudumele.
Ukuqokwa kwe-RRS. Inketho yokungamelana nomlilo ye-polymer yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa eduze kwemithombo yomlilo evulekile. Ngokwesici, i-RRV polypropylene iyafana, kepha ibonakala ngezindleko eziphakeme.
Kubhekwe okuningi
Amapayipi angqimba amabili anezinhlobo ze-aluminium noma ze-fiberglass
Izinhlobo ezinjalo zepayipi zithuthukiswa ngesendlalelo esiqinisa phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili ze-polymer.
Ukuqiniswa yiqabunga elincanyana le-aluminium noma ubukhulu be-fiberglass hhayi ngaphezulu kwe-1 mm.
Ngibonga yena, amapayipi okwenziwe nge-multilayer polypropylene ayakwazi ukusebenza endaweni yokushisa okupholile kuya + 95 ... + 100 s (kafushane - kufika ku-110 s).
Ipayipi elenziwe nge-multilayer polypropylene lilungele kangcono ukwenziwa kwezitezi ezifudumele, ngenxa yokuqina kwayo.
Ukufakwa kohlelo lokushisa
Ngemuva kokuthi ukhethe futhi uthenge izinto ezifanele, qhubeka ngokuqondile ekufakweni kwezinto zokushisa.Ukulungiselela Isisekelo
Ukuvimbela amanzi kuzovikela omakhelwane kusuka ezansi komakhelwane
Isebenza ekubekeni ipayipi lokushisa kufanele liqale ngokulungiselela isisekelo. Okokuqala, ungqimba lokufaka okufakwayo kufanele lubuzwe.
Lokhu kuzokusiza ugweme izinkathazo nomakhelwane abavela ngezansi endabeni yokuphoqelela majere ngesimo sokuphumelela kwepayipi.
Ngalezi zinhloso, kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise zombili izinhloso-ezibuyisana umswakama kanye nezinto ezijwayelekile ezinamanzi ezilukhuni: i-rubberoid kanye nezinto zokwakha ezifanayo. Esimweni sokuqala, ukufakwa emanzini kungavunyelwe kusetshenziswa amabhulashi apenda noma i-roller. I-Liquid mastic igcwalisa wonke ama-pores nama-microcracks wesisekelo sikakhonkolo, ungashiyi izindlela zomswakama zokungena ezitezi ezingokwezitolo ezikhethekile.
Ukuhlanganisa amalunga ama-mastics
Kufakwe amanzi angenamvunga ku-blatet komunye nomunye, kugcwala ama-glueng to the groughter phansi ngoBitumen Mastic. Amalunga amashidi wokufakelwa futhi abhaleki kahle nge-mastic, futhi, uma kunesidingo, amaCannons wokuvutha ukufakwa okugoqekile engxenyeni engu-2-3.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufakwa kwesisekelo. Uma ungenzi lo msebenzi, khona-ke umklamo wakho wokushisa ongaphandle uzofudumeza igumbi kuphela. Ukushisa okusele okusele kuzoba ukufudumeza uphahla omakhelwane abavela phansi noma ngaphansi.
Polystyrere foam
Ukwandisa izindleko ezishisayo zamandla ngaphezulu kwesendlalelo sokuvimbela amanzi, beka indawo yokuvimbela ukushisa.
Ukuze uthole lokhu, uhlu lwento ebumisiwe lufanelekile, mhlawumbe alusabi umswakama.
Inketho ekahle izoba yi-polystyrenere enwetshiwe (extred foam) penoplex, njll. Ungasebenzisa futhi ukufakwa kwe-polyethylene ne-foil komhlaba.
Akufanele isebenzise umhlanganisi we-MARTIT ukuze phansi kokufakwa okushisayo ngaphansi kwesitezi samanzi afudumele. Okokuqala, uMnyango Wezenkonzo wesaba umswakama futhi omanzi okungenzeka uzolahlekelwa izimfanelo zawo zokufakelwa. Okwesibili, i-minilate ngaphansi kwesisindo sepayipi, phansi phansi phansi kanye nefenisha emi ngayo kungabaza futhi kuphukile, okuzothinta kabi izakhiwo zayo.
Ukulungiswa kwephrojekthi
Okulandelayo, udinga ukunquma ukuthi ipayipi lizobekwa kanjani. Ukusuka kokuthi izofakwa "Inyoka", Kuvunguza, "Snake Double", njll. Ubude baso obude kakhulu buxhomekeke. Ngemininingwane yokuthi ungaqamba kanjani phansi kwamanzi, bheka leli fomu:
Ubude bendawo yepayipi akufanele kube ngaphezu kwama-50 m
Lapho udweba iphrojekthi, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amashubhu e-polypropylene aqinile impela, ngakho-ke akufanele ubeke ukuguquka okubukhali nokugoba ngokwemibandela enkulu.
Ngokusebenza okusebenzayo kokushisa, ibanga phakathi kwentambo ka-25-30 cm kwanele.
Ngobude bawo, ipayipi akufanele lidlule ku-50 m - ngaphandle kwalokho, ekuhlukaniseni kwalo, ukudluliswa kokushisa kuzoba ngaphansi kakhulu, futhi lokhu kuzoholela ekushiseni kwegumbi okungalingani.
Ukubala ubude obuphelele bepayipi elifudumeza, kufanele ubeke uhlaka lwalo phansi ngentambo noma nge-twine. Ngemuva kokuba ihlala ikala kuphela ubude bentambo, ukuthola i-merar ngqo yepayipi elizayo.
Ithebula libonisa ukusetshenziswa kokugeleza ngokuya ngebanga phakathi kwama-loops.
Ukubeka amapayipi
Inyoka elula ukubeka i-contour
Ngemuva kwakho konke umsebenzi wokulungiselela, ungaqhubeka ngqo ekubekeni umjikelezo wokushisa. Okuphumelela kakhulu ngokuya ngamapharamitha we-thermodynamic ukubeka i-contour nge-spiral.
Kodwa-ke, uhlelo olunjalo lungaba nzima kakhulu ngokungabi nalutho olungatholakali inkosi yasekhaya, ngakho-ke uma uthatha isinqumo sokufaka izitezi ezifudumele ngezandla zakho, kungcono ukumisa ukukhetha kwakho ku- "inyoka". Kulula ukuklama, futhi izinto ezikuleli cala kufanele zikhiqize osayizi ezimbili kuphela: ingxenye enkulu yepayipi - uhlangothi olude, futhi ukusikwa okuncane kusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amapayipi amade amabili.
Ukunikeza amapayipi okugoba, sebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa kwamakona
Futhi, lapho ufaka, sizodinga ama-Corner-Carplings ukudlulisa ama-Bend of Design ne-Iron Soldering Iron yamapayipi e-polypropylene. Ukuze kufakwe kanzima ngepayipi ngaphansi kwalo, kufakwa i-mesh noma i-fiberglass mesh, ukuthi yiziphi izinto zokushisa eziboshelwe ezindaweni eziningana, endobheni ngayinye.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukudala ungqimba oluvikelayo phezu kwesekethe lokufudumeza elikhuphukile ukwenza lula ingcindezi kulo kusuka kwifenisha nasemishini yasendlini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa i-screed ekhonkolo. Le nketho izovikela amapayipi ngokuphelele, futhi izokwakha futhi isisekelo esihle kakhulu ngaphansi kokuqeda ukunamathela. Ukwenza kanjani phansi kusuka ku-polypropylene, bheka le vidiyo:
Njengenketho - insiza yokuhamba ngesiga. Kulokhu, kunezimvula noma izindawo zokukhosela phakathi kwamakhoyili wepayipi, okufanele akhuphuke ngo-1.5-2 cm ngaphezulu kwepayipi. Bakha isisekelo lapho ungqimba lwe-plywood lubekwe phezu kwalolo lwaphansi lokuhlobisa selivele lubekiwe - i-linoleum, ama-laminate, ukhaphethi.
Inketho enokhonkolo okhonkolo incane, ngoba ukhonkolo ngumqhubi omuhle kakhulu wokushisa kusuka ezintweni zokushisa emvelweni.
Idivayisi ye-PVC Manifold
I-rack floor iphansi kakhulu kukhonkolo ngokuya ngale nkomba, ngakho-ke kufanele ifakwe kuphela uma kungenzeki ukufaka i-concrete screed noma lapho amakamelo amanzi ehlelelwe ukusetshenziselwa ukufudumeza okususayo.
Siveza phansi phansi phansi okuqeda phansi njengesifo sohlangothi sokugcina. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukukhetha izinto ngaphandle komphumela wokushisa okufaka umkhawulo, ukuze unganciphisi ukusebenza kahle kohlelo lokushisa.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Izinketho zamakhethini e-Gazebo neVeranda: Izinhlobo nezici