Ukuqinisekisa indawo yokuhlala ethokomele endlini yangasese kudinga ukufaka uhlelo lokushisa oluzosekela i-microclimate edingekayo. Namuhla kunezinketho eziningi zalozinhlelo ezinjalo, kepha ngaphambi kokuqala ukufaka, kunesidingo ukubala kahle zonke izindleko zokufakwa ukuze unqume ukufuduka okunjalo ekhaya. Sithola ukuthi kufanelela kanjani kahle uhlelo lokushisa ukuguqulwa okuthandwa kakhulu, okungasebenza kugesi oyinhloko, izinkuni, uphethiloli, ugesi.
Ukukhetha i-boiler, noma i-Orient hhayi izindleko, kepha futhi nokutholakala kukaphethiloli.
Isibonelo sokubala kokushisa
Ukubala izindleko zokufudumeza ekhaya kanye, bonisa ukuthi kukhona yini inzuzo, kuyadingeka ukubheka amanani athile. Kubandakanya imininingwane enjalo:
Isikimu sohlelo lokufudumeza ngokujikeleza kwemvelo.
- Isikhathi sesikhathi sokushisa (sithatha izinyanga eziyisikhombisa);
- Isikhathi sokusebenza se-boiler (isigamu sesikhathi, okungukuthi, sisetshenziselwa ukugcina izinga lokushisa elidingekayo lokushisa);
- Amandla wokushisa angamamitha ayishumi skwele (semukela isilinganiso - 1 kilowatt amandla ashisayo);
- Le ndawo indlu yezwe ithathe amamitha-skwele ayi-150. Amamitha, i-boiler enekhono le-15 kilowatt izodingeka.
Ukusetshenziswa kwenyanga kuzoba: 15 kw * 24 (ihora ngosuku) * * 30 (inani lezinsuku ngenyanga) = 10,800 kw / h.
Njengoba i-boiler izosebenza kuphela isigamu sesikhathi, sithola inani elinjalo ngokuthi: 10 800/2 = 5,400 kw / h. Okungukuthi, ukusetshenziswa okuphakathi kokushisa ngenyanga kuzoba ngu-5 400 kw / h.
Ukubala izindleko zayo yonke inkathi yokushisa, inani liphindaphindwe izinyanga eziyisikhombisa: 5 400 * 7 = 37 800 kw / h.
Uma ukufudumeza kwenziwa lapho kusetshenziswa igesi ye-trunk, lapho kufunwa ama-ruble angama-0,24 ngu-1 kw wokushisa, sithola ukuthi izindleko zizonke yilezi: 37 800 * 0.24,072 rubles.
Lapho wenza ukubalwa kokushisa kwendlu yangasese, kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuthi lezi zibalo ezingenhla zithathwa kumanani aphakathi, ngecala elithile, zingahluka ngokuya ngobukhulu bezindonga, okuqukethwe kwento yabo , izinga lokushisa langaphandle. Ukubalwa okubaliwe kusetshenziselwa zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokufudumeza, inani kuphela ngezindleko zikaphethiloli kanye nokusetshenziswa ngeyunithi ngayinye yokushisa elifakwe esikhundleni.
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Okwama-boilers aqinile kawoyela
Uhlelo lokufudumeza uhlelo ngokujikeleza okuphoqelelwe.
Enye yezindlela ezijwayelekile zedivayisi yokushisa yezindlu zezwe ama-boilers aqinile kawoyela lapho izinkuni ezijwayelekile zingamafutha. Akudingekile ukuthi ucabange ukuthi amathone abuyele emuva esikhathini esidlule, amamodeli abo anamuhla namuhla athandwa kakhulu, awavumeli nje ukuhlela ukufudumeza kwendlu, kodwa futhi aqinisekise ukugeleza kwamanzi okushisayo. Abaningi babo banesitofu esenzelwe ukupheka.
Ukubala izindleko zokushisa ekhaya, cabanga:
- Izindleko zemitha eyodwa ye-cubic of firewood, namuhla ingama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezimbili lapho uletha ukulethwa ngokuhamba kwabo;
- Emithandweni eyodwa ye-cubic engu-650 kg, okungukuthi, izindleko zekhilogremu elilodwa zilingana: 2000/650 = 3.08, zizungeza inani elitholwe futhi sithola ukuthi intengo yekhilogremu ilingana nama-ruble amathathu;
- Ukuthola ukushisa okungu-1 kilowatt, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa u-0.4 kg wezinkuni, okungukuthi, 3 * 0.4 = 1.2. Kuyadingeka ukuthola ukushisa kwe-Kilowatta okulingana nezimali ezilingana nama-ruble ayi-1,2.
Ngama-boilers kagesi
Uhlelo kanye nomgomo wokusebenza kwe-electrotel.
Enye yezinketho zedivayisi yokushisa endlini yangasese ukusetshenziswa kogesi. Amandla anjalo ayakwazi ukuguqulwa ngokuphelele kube yi-thermal ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke ukuthola ukushisa okungu-1 kw kuyadingeka ukuchitha cishe i-1 kw yamandla kagesi. Bala uhlelo lokushisa, wazi kuphela izindleko nge-kilowatt ngayinye. Izindleko zendawo ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwama-ruble acishe abe ngu-3.34. Asikhohlwa ukuthi izindleko ze-kilowatt eyodwa zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izindleko okwamanje.
Ngesikhathi sokushisa, kuyadingeka ukuchitha cishe ama-37,800 Kilowatt Energy. Silihumusha leli nani lilingana nemali elilinganayo, sithola: 37800 * 3,34 * 3,34 = 126252 ama-ruble, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokushisa ngonyaka (futhi lokhu kuyizinyanga eziyisikhombisa) kushiya ama-ruble angama-126 252.
Okwama-boilers asebenza ngophethiloli owuketshezi
Manje ake sizame ukubala ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lokushisa kuzobiza malini, olusebenza ngophethiloli owuketshezi, okungukuthi, udizili. Ifomula ilula impela, izibalo zifaka okulandelayo:
Ukugeleza kwamafutha awuketshezi ngokuya ngendawo yendlu namandla we-boiler.
- Izindleko ze-ilitre powder. Isibonelo, intengo inama-ruble angama-34 nge-L;
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha ngokuthola i-1 kw yamandla afudumele. Lapho kusetshenziswa udizili, umqulu welitha lamalitha ayi-0,14 uyadingeka (kuya nge-CPD ye-boiler, kuyadingeka ukubheka lapho kubalwa);
- Izindleko zeyunithi yokushisa. Kulokhu, kungama-ruble angama-34 * 0,14 amalitha = ama-ruble angama-4.76.
- Ngakho-ke, izindleko zesizini yokushisa (futhi lokhu kucishe kube izinyanga eziyisikhombisa ngonyaka) ngu-37,800 kW * 4.46 rubles = 168 588 rub.
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Intengo iphenduka ibalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma uyiqhathanisa nokushisa ngegesi. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuxhumana komgwaqo omkhulu ekhaya kungenza cishe ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-250, futhi lokhu kucishe kube yiminyaka emibili yokusebenza kwe-boiler kumafutha awuketshezi! Futhi uma umgwaqo omkhulu wokuhlinzeka ngegesi uye endlini awuhlinzekiwe? Idivaysi ye-Gagolder kanye nensizakalo yayo ingenza njengokubiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke, kwezinye izikhathi, okuthandwayo kunikezwa ama-boilers kumafutha awuketshezi, yize okokugcina kungaphansi.
Ngezinkomba zezomnotho, ama-boileers anjalo endlini alahlekelwa kakhulu ezinye izinhlelo zokushisa. Kepha kunezimo lapho ukunikezwa kwegesi kungenzeki nje, futhi izinhlobo ezisele zemishini akuyona indlela yokuphuma esimweni, ngakho-ke ama-boilers kawoyela awuketshezi ayinye indlela eyamukelekayo.
Ukubala izindleko zezindleko zokuqala, kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuthi intengo yesikwele esisodwa m (kucatshangelwa inani lemishini uqobo kanye nokufakwa kwalo) kungama-ruble acishe abe ngu-1680. Okungukuthi, endlu enkulu, indawo yayo engamamitha ayi-150 skwele. Amamitha, izindleko zizonke zemishini yohlelo lokushisa zizoba ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-252. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi intengo inethonya elihle okuthengwa yimiphi imishini, yiziphi izindleko zalo.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwezindleko: Yikuphi uhlelo lokushisa oluzuzisa kakhulu?
Ngakho-ke uhlelo lokushisa lusendaweni yezwe luzuzisa kanjani? Ngayinye yazo inezinzuzo zayo nobunzima, lapho ikhetha, kuyadingeka ukubheka yonke imithwalo engenzeka:
Izici zobuchwepheshe ze-boiler lapho zisebenza uphethiloli nogesi.
- Izinhlelo zokushisa kagesi zizuzisa kakhulu ngokwemigomo yokuthenga nokufakwa. Izindleko ze-boiler kagesi azikhulu kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nemishini esebenza kolunye uhlobo lwamafutha, ukusetshenziswa kwemali kudivayisi ye-chimney akudingeki, idivaysi yegumbi elihlukile lendawo ye-boiler ayidingeki. Ubukhulu kanye nemibandela yokusebenza ikuvumela ukuthi ubeke i-boiler kunoma iyiphi indawo ekahle. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindleko zikagesi ziphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukufudumala kwendlu enkulu;
- Izinhlelo eziqinile zikaphethiloli zibiza ngaphezu kukagesi, izindleko eziyisisekelo ziza kudivayisi ye-chimney ukususa imikhiqizo yokuhlanganisa. Ukusebenza nokufakwa kohlelo endlini kufanele kwenziwe kuphela kumazinga nemithetho eyasungulwa kuphela. Kepha izindleko zikaphethiloli oqinile zincane, ukusetshenziswa kwazo kungokomnotho, ungahlela ukondla okuzenzakalelayo, okuqeda ukubamba iqhaza komuntu lapho kusebenza;
- Usebenzisa igesi eyinhloko yokushisa. Le ndlela ngokuya ngezindleko cishe ilingana nezinhlelo zikaphethiloli eziqinile. Kuzofanele uhlele ukushiswa kwemikhiqizo yokuvutha, khetha igumbi elihlukile lokufaka i-boiler yegesi. Kepha kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona amathuba okusetshenziswa kwamagesi anohlelo oluphoqelelwe lokususa intuthu, egcina izindleko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufudumala ngegesi kungokomnotho impela, imvamisa amakamelo amadolobhana akulungele kakhulu amakamelo ezizwe, uma kungenzeki ukuxhumeka emgaqweni omkhulu, igesi isebenza. Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha akukukhulu kakhulu, izindleko zokusebenza nowokuphetha ngokwazo ziyathandeka ngenyanga;
- Lapho ukufudumeza endlini usebenzisa i-boiler ku-diesel uphethiloli, izindleko zinkulu kakhulu. Ukufakwa kwemishini enjalo nokuxhumeka kwawo kungenye yezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ebiza kakhulu, kuyadingeka egumbini elikhethekile elifakwe kuwo wonke amazinga okuphepha komlilo. Lapho le mishini isebenza, iphunga elingathandeki livela ukuthi isakhiwo sokuhlala asivunyelwe. Izindleko zophethiloli ngokwazo ziphakeme, ngakho-ke ezindlini zezwe, ukufakwa okunjalo akuvamile ukusetshenziswa (kungenzeka kuphela njengengozi uma kwenzeka ingozi yedivayisi enkulu yokushisa).
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Namuhla, izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ezinezinzuzo zazo nezinzuzo zazo ezisetshenziselwa ukufudumeza indlu yangasese. Ukukhethwa kohlelo olunjalo kuncike kumapharamitha amaningi, kepha imvamisa inani lokufakwa nezindleko ezihambisana nokusebenza. Ngaphambi kokuhlela ukufakwa kwemishini yedivaysi yesondlo yendlu yangasese, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukubalwa okuzosiza ekutholeni i-Expediecy yokusebenzisa uhlelo oluhlukile.