Lapho uklama amasistimu wokushisa, okupholile lapho izenzo zamanzi zivame ukucacisa ukucacisa ivolumu ye-coolant ohlelweni lokushisa. Imininingwane enjalo kwesinye isikhathi iyadingeka ukubala umthamo wethangi lokunwetshwa okuhlobene namandla osuvele owaziwa ngokwalo.
Itafula ukunquma ukuhamba kwe-coolant.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvame ukudingeka ukubala lokhu kakhulu noma ukubheka ubuncane obudingekayo ukwazi ukuthi ngabe uyakwazi yini ukugcina ubukhosi obudingekayo egumbini. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukubala okupholile ohlelweni lokushisa, kanye nezindleko zalo ngeyunithi ngayinye yesikhathi.
Ukukhetha iphampu yokujikeleza
Ukujikeleza ukufakwa kwepompo.
I-pampu ye-purculation ngaphandle kwayo okunzima ngayo ukucabanga noma yiluphi uhlelo lokushisa, ikhethwa ngemibandela emibili eyinhloko, okungukuthi, amapharamitha amabili:
- U-Q Ingabe ukusetshenziswa okupholile ohlelweni lokushisa. Kuboniswe ukusetshenziswa kumamitha ayi-cubic ngehora eli-1;
- H - Ukucindezela, okuvezwa ngamamitha.
Isibonelo, Q ukukhombisa ukusetshenziswa okupholile ohlelweni lokushisa kusetshenziswa ezihlokweni eziningi zobuchwepheshe kanye nemibhalo ethile yokulawula. Abanye abakhiqizi bamaphampu wokujikeleza asetshenziselwa ukucacisa ukusetshenziswa okufanayo. Kepha izitshalo zokukhiqizwa kwama-valves avaliwe njengokuqokwa kokusetshenziswa okupholile ohlelweni lokushisa sebenzisa uhlamvu "g".
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukubizwa okungenhla kweminye imibhalo yezobuchwepheshe kungenzeka kungahambisani.
Masinyane kuyadingeka ukwenza ukubhuka okubalwa kwethu ukuze uqoke ukugeleza, incwadi "Q" izosetshenziswa.
Ukubalwa kwezinga lokugeleza kwamapholi (amanzi) ohlelweni lokushisa
Ukulahleka kokushisa kwendlu nokufakelwa ngaphandle.
Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha iphampu okulungile, kufanele unake kakhulu ngobukhulu obunjalo njengokulahleka kokushisa ekhaya. Okushiwo ngokomzimba kokuxhumana kwalo mqondo nephampu kungokulandelayo. Inani elithile lamanzi afudumele emazingeni okushisa athile lihlala lijikeleza ngamapayipi ohlelweni lokushisa. Ukujikeleza kwe-BASTION PUMP. Ngasikhathi sinye, izindonga zendlu zihlala zinikeza ingxenye yokushisa kwazo emvelweni - lokhu ukulahlekelwa okushisayo kwendlu. Kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuthi amanzi amancane afanele ampompeni kanjani ohlelweni lokushisa ngokushisa okuthile, okungukuthi, ngenani elithile lamandla ashisayo, ukuze la mandla anele ukunxephezela ukulahleka kokushisa.
Eqinisweni, lapho ukuxazulula lo msebenzi, i-bandwidth yepompo iyabhekwa, noma ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi. Kodwa-ke, le pharamitha inegama elihlukile lesizathu esilula, axhomezeki kuphela ephampu ngokwalo, kodwa futhi nasemazingeni okushisa okupholile ohlelweni lokushisa, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, kusuka ku-bandwidth yamapayipi.
Uma kucatshangelwa konke okungenhla, kuyacaca ukuthi ngaphambi kokubalwa okuyinhloko kokuphola, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukubalwa kokulahleka kwendlu okushisayo kwendlu. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lokubala luzoba ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- ukuthola ukulahleka kwendlu;
- Ukusungulwa kokushisa okuphakathi kokuphola (amanzi);
- Ukubalwa kokuphola ekubopheni kokushisa kwamanzi okuhlobene nokulahleka kwendlu.
Ukubalwa kokulahleka kokushisa
Lokhu kubalwa kungenziwa ngokuzimela, ngoba ifomula isikhathi eside yasuswa. Kodwa-ke, ukubalwa kokusetshenziswa kokushisa kuyinkimbinkimbi impela futhi kudinga ukucatshangelwa kwamapharamitha amaningana ngasikhathi sinye.Uma sithi umane, sehla kuphela ukunquma ukulahlekelwa amandla okushisa, okuvezwe emandleni okushisa okushisa, izikwele ngasinye m wendawo yezindonga, phansi, phansi kanye nophahla kukhanye endaweni yangaphandle.
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Uma uthatha inani elijwayelekile lokulahleka okunjalo, bazoba:
- Cishe ama-Watts ayi-100 endaweni ngayinye yeyunithi - ngezindonga eziphakathi, ezinjengezindonga zezitini zobukhulu obujwayelekile, ngokuhlobisa okujwayelekile okungaphakathi, ngamawindi acwebezelwe kabili;
- Ngaphezu kwama-watts angaphezu kwe-100 noma ama-watts angaphezu kwe-100 endaweni ngayinye yeyunithi, uma sikhuluma ngezindonga ezinokukhulu okunganele, ihlazekile;
- Cishe ama-Watts angama-80 endaweni ngayinye, uma sikhuluma ngezindonga ngokukhululeka okwanele okunomfaki wangaphandle futhi ongaphakathi we-thermal, enamafasitela afakwe kabili.
Ukunquma le nkomba, ifomula elikhethekile lithathwe ngokunemba okukhulu, lapho ezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo ziyidatha yethebula.
Ukubalwa okunembile kokulahleka kwendlu
Ngomkhokhi onobuningi bokulahlekelwa okushisayo kwendlu kukhona inani elikhethekile, elibizwa ngokuthi yi-flux yokushisa, futhi kukalwa eKcal / ihora. Leli nani libonisa ukusetshenziswa kokushisa komzimba, okunikezwa izindonga ezisendaweni enemodi enikeziwe enikeziwe ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo.
Leli nani lincike ngqo ekwakheni ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo, ezivela ezintweni ezibonakalayo zezinto zodonga, ubulili kanye nophahla, kanye nalezi zinto eziningi ezingadala isimo somoya esifudumele, ngokwesibonelo, idivaysi engafanele yokufaka ukushisa .
Ngakho-ke, ubukhulu bokulahleka kwesakhiwo kwesakhiwo buyisamba sokulahlekelwa okushisayo kwezinto zalo. Leli nani libalwa ngefomula: G = s * 1 / po * (amabili) to, lapho:
- G - inani elifunekayo elivezwe ku-kcal / h;
- I-PO - Ukumelana nenqubo yokushintshanisa ukushisa (ukudluliselwa kokushisa), kuvezwe ku-Kcal / H, lokhu kungu-SQ.m * h * lokushisa;
- I-TV, TN - Izinga lokushisa komoya ngaphakathi nangaphandle, ngokulandelana;
- I-K iyi-coefficing ye-coeffecting, okuthi umgoqo ngamunye we-thermal akona.
Kuyaqapheleka lokho njengoba ukubalwa kungenziwa nsuku zonke, futhi kwifomula kukhona izinkomba zokushisa ezishintsha njalo, khona-ke izinkomba ezinjalo zithathwa ngefomu elijwayelekile.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinkomba zokushisa zithathwa ngokwesilinganiso, kanye nesifunda ngasinye, le nkomba izoba yayo.
Ngakho-ke, manje ifomula ayiqukethe amalungu angaziwa, avumela ukwenza ukubalwa okunembile kahle kokulahlekelwa okushisayo kwekhaya elithile. Kusalokhu kwazi kuphela ukwakheka kwehla kwehla kanye nenani lenani lokumelana kwe-po.
Zombili lezi zindinganiso ngokuya ngecala ngalinye elithile, ungafunda kwimininingwane ehambisanayo ehambisanayo.
Amanye amanani we-coefficient ephansi:
- UPawulu emhlabathini noma eLagas Wooden - Inani 1;
- I-Overlaps iyi-attic, phambi kophahla olunophahla lwensimbi, amathayili esihlahleni esingajwayelekile, kanye nophahla oluvela ku-asbestoscerta, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-incredit kanye no-0.9;
- Ukudlula okufanayo, njengasesigabeni esedlule, kepha kuhlelwe esitezi esiqinile, ngu-0,8;
- Ukugcwala ku-attic, ngophahla, okuyinto ephahleni yophahla lwanoma yiziphi izinto ezigoqiwe - inani le-0.75;
- Noma yiziphi izindonga ezabelana ngegumbi elifudumele elingahlatshwanga, nakho, olunodonga lwangaphandle, lungu-0.7;
- Noma yiziphi izindonga ezabelana ngegumbi elivuthayo elingahlali, nakho, ezingenazo izindonga zangaphandle, zingu-0.4;
- Izitezi ezihlelwe ngenhla kwama-cellar atholakala ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi ongaphandle - inani le-0.4;
- Amakamelo ahlelwe ngenhla kwezindawo ezitholakala ngaphezulu kwezinga lenhlabathi yangaphandle - inani le-0.75;
- I-Overlaps, etholakala ngenhla kwesisekelo esingaphansi, esitholakala ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi wangaphandle noma ngaphezulu ngaphezulu kwe-1 m, ngu-0.6.
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Ngokusekelwe kulezi zimo ezingenhla, kungenzeka ukuthi ucabange ngesilinganiso, futhi ngecala ngalinye elithile elingangeni kulolu hlu, khetha i-coeffeeffeed eye phansi ngokwakho.
Amanye amanani wokuphikiswa kokushisa okushisa:
Inani lokumelana lokuqina kwezitini eliqinile lingu-0.38.
- Okomsebenzi ojwayelekile wesitini (ubukhulu bodonga bulingana ne-135 mm) inani ngu-0.38;
- Okufanayo, kepha ngobukhulu be-masonry ngo-265 mm - 0.57, 395 mm - 0.76, 525 mm - 0.94, 655 mm - 1.13;
- Okokuqina okuqinile okunesendlalelo somoya, ngobukhulu be-435 mm - 0.9, 565 mm - 1.09, 655 mm - 1.28;
- Okokuqina okuqinile okwenziwe ngezitini zokuhlobisa ngobukhulu obungu-395 mm - 0.89, 525 mm - 1.2, 655 mm - 1.4;
- Okwama-masonry aqinile nge-thermal inserser ungqimba wobukhulu obungu-395 mm - 1.03, 525 mm - 1.49;
- Okwezindonga zokhuni ezivela ezintweni ezithile zokhuni (hhayi izingodo) ukuze kube nobukhulu obungama-20 cm - 1.33, 22 cm - 1.45, 24 cm - 1.56;
- Okwezindonga ezivela kubha enobukhulu obungu-15 cm - 1.18, 18 cm - 1.28, 20 cm - 1.32;
- Ukuze uthole uphahla we-atticwa we-conkreced conkrete pets ngokuba khona kwe-heater ngosayizi we-10 cm - 0.69, 15 cm - 0.89.
Ukuba nemininingwane enjalo yethebula, ungaqhubeka nokubalwa okunembile.
Ukubalwa okuqondile kwamandla okuphola, amandla wepompo
Samukela ubukhulu bokulahlekelwa okushisayo endaweni ngayinye elingana nama-watts ayi-100. Ngemuva kwalokho, semukele indawo ephelele yendlu, elingana no-150 sq. M, kungenzeka ukubala ukulahleka okuphelele kwendlu yonke - 150 * 100 = 100 = 15 kW.
Ukusebenza kwephampu yokujikeleza kuncike ekufakweni kwayo okufanele.
Manje kufanele kuhlungwe ukuthi hlobo luni lwenombolo lesi sibalo esinalo kwipompo. Kuvela okuqondile kakhulu. Kulandela ngomqondo womzimba wokuthi ukulahleka okushisayo kuyinqubo eqhubekayo yokusetshenziswa kokushisa. Ukuqhubeka nokubeka ngaphakathi kwe-microclimate edingekayo, kuyadingeka ukunxephezela njalo ukusetshenziswa okunjalo, futhi ukwandisa izinga lokushisa egumbini, akumelwe nje ukunxephezela, kepha ukunxephezela amandla amaningi kunokuba kudingeka ukunxephezela ukulahleka.
Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe kukhona amandla ashisayo, kusadinga ukulethwa kudivayisi engasusa la mandla. I-application enjalo iyi-radiator yokushisa. Kepha ukulethwa komnikazi we-coolant (umnikazi wamandla) kuma-radiator kwenziwa yipompo yokujikeleza.
Kusukela kwangaphambilini, kungaqondakala ukuthi umnyombo walo msebenzi wehlela kumbuzo owodwa olula: Mangaki amanzi afudunyezwa emazingeni okushisa athile (okungukuthi, ngokushisa okuthile kwamandla okushisa), kuyadingeka ukuletha kuma-radiator Isikhathi esithile sokunxephezela konke ukulahleka okushisayo ekhaya? Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, impendulo izotholwa ngevolumu yamanzi aphonsele amanzi ngeyunithi yesikhathi, futhi lawo ngamandla wepompo yokujikeleza.
Ukuphendula lo mbuzo udinga ukwazi imininingwane elandelayo:
- Inani elidingekayo lokushisa elidinga ukunxephezela ukulahlekelwa okushisayo, okungukuthi, umphumela wokubalwa okungenhla. Isibonelo, inani le-100 watt lathathwa ngamamitha-skwele angama-150. m, okungukuthi, kithi, leli nani liyi-15 kW;
- Umthamo othize wokushisa wamanzi (le yidatha yereferensi), inani lawo lingamandla angama-4,200 Joule Energy nge-kg yamanzi ngakunye kokushisa kwawo;
- Umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwalo lamanzi aphuma ebhulukwe lokufudumeza, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa lokuqala lokuphola, namanzi angena ekhonkotha epayipini ebuyayo, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa lokugcina le-coolant.
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Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi nge-boiler evame ukusebenzisa kanye lonke uhlelo lokushisa, ngokujikeleza kwamanzi okujwayelekile, umehluko awudluli ama-degree angama-20. Njengokwesilinganiso, ungathatha ama-degree ayi-15.
Uma ubheka yonke imininingwane engenhla, ifomula yokubala ipompo izothatha ifomu q = g / (c * (t1-t2)), lapho:
- U-Q ukugeleza kokuphola (amanzi) ohlelweni lokushisa. Yimali yamanzi enjalo kwimodi ethile yokushisa, iphampu yokujikeleza kufanele ihanjiswe kuma-radiator ngehora ngalinye lesikhathi sokunxephezela ukulahlekelwa okushisayo kwale ndlu. Uma uthenga ipompo ezoba namandla amaningi, izomane yandise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi;
- G - Ukulahleka kwe-Thermal kubalwa esigabeni esedlule;
- I-T2 - izinga lokushisa lamanzi elilandela kusuka ku-boiler yegesi, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa lapho kudingeka khona ukushisa inani elithile lamanzi. Njengomthetho, lokhu okushisa kungama-80 degrees;
- I-T1 - izinga lokushisa lamanzi eligeleza liye kwi-boiler kusuka kupayipi elibuyayo, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa lamanzi ngemuva kwenqubo yokudlulisa ukushisa. Njengomthetho, lilingana nama-60-65 degrees.;
- C - umthamo othile wokushisa wamanzi, njengoba sekushiwo, kulingana no-4,200 Joule ku-kg of coolant.
Uma sifaka yonke imininingwane etholwe kwifomula bese siguqula wonke amapharamitha abe amayunithi wokulinganisa afanayo, bese sithola umphumela ka-2.4 kg / s.
Ukuhunyushwa kwe umphumela wokujwayelekile
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ekusebenzeni lokhu kusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngeke kuhlangane noma kuphi. Bonke abakhiqizi bamanzi bamanzi baveza amandla ephampu kumamitha ayi-cubic ngehora.Ezinye izinhlobo kufanele zenziwe, zikhumbula i-physics yesikole. Ngakho-ke, 1 kg wamanzi, okungukuthi, okupholile, kuyi-1 CU. Amanzi dm. Ukuthola ukuthi kungakanani imitha eyodwa ye-cubic enesisindo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi mangaki ama-cubic decimeters kumamitha owodwa we-cubic.
Kusebenzisa izibalo ezithile ezilula noma nje usebenzisa idatha ye-tabular, sithola ukuthi kumamitha owodwa we-cubic iqukethe ama-cessimeter angama-1000 cubic. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imitha eyodwa ye-cubic ye-coolant izoba nenqwaba ye-1000 kg.
Ngemuva kwalokho ngomzuzwana owodwa udinga ukupompela amanzi ku-2.4 / 1000 = 0.0024 cubic metres. m.
Manje sekuhlala ukuhumusha imizuzwana kuya emahoreni. Ukwazi lokho ngehora elilodwa amasekhondi angama-3600, sithola ukuthi ngehora elilodwa ipompo kufanele ipompo u-0.0024 * 3600 = 8.64 cubic metres / h.
Bikazela
Ngakho-ke, ukubalwa kwe-coolont ohlelweni lokushisa kukhombisa ukuthi amanzi angakanani afunwa yiwo wonke ama-Heating System ukuze alondoloze igumbi lendlu kumodi yokushisa evamile. Isibalo esifanayo silingana ngokomzwelo namandla wepompo, okuyinto, empeleni, ozokwenza ukulethwa kwezindawo ezipholile kuma-radiator, lapho kuzonikeza khona ingxenye yamandla awo afudumele egumbini.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi amandla aphakathi wamaphampu acishe abe yimitha eyi-cubic metres / h, enikeza umugqa omncane, ngoba ibhalansi yokushisa akumele ikonge kuphela, kepha kwesinye isikhathi, ngokwesicelo somnikazi, kukhulise izinga lokushisa komoya, lapho , eqinisweni, kudingeka amandla angeziwe..
Ochwepheshe abanolwazi batusa ukuthenga iphampu, okungama-1,3 izikhathi ezinamandla amakhulu. Ekhuluma nge-boiler efudumele yegesi, okuthi, njengomthetho, isivele ifakwe ngephampu enjalo, kufanele unakekele le pharamitha.