Injini yinhliziyo yomshini wokuwasha. Le divayisi ijikeleza isigubhu ngesikhathi sokugeza. Kumamodeli okuqala wemishini esigudwini, amabhande afakwa, owenziwe endimeni yokushayela futhi aqinisekisile ukunyakaza kwesitsha esigcwele ilineni. Kusukela lapho, abathuthukisi bathuthukise kahle le yunithi ebhekele ukuguqulwa kukagesi emsebenzini wemishini.
Njengamanje, ekukhiqizweni kwemishini yokuwasha, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezintathu zezinjini.
Ukubukisisa
Asynchronous
Ama-motors alolu hlobo aqukethe izingxenye ezimbili - into ehleliwe (i-stator), eyenza umsebenzi wesakhiwo esisekelayo futhi isebenza njengepayipi kazibuthe, kanye ne-rotor rotor, eholela kwisigubhu. Injini ijikeleza ngenxa yokusebenzisana kokunye ukuguquguquka kwamandla kazibuthe we-stator kanye ne-rotor. I-Asynchronous lolu hlobo lwedivayisi yabizwa ngoba alukwazi ukufeza ijubane lokuvumelanisa lamandla kazibuthe ajikelezayo, futhi likulandele, njengokuthi lapho kutholakala.
Izinjini ze-Asynchronous zitholakala ezinguqulweni ezimbili: zingaba ngezigaba ezimbili- nantathu. Amasampula wesigaba ezimbili ayaqabukela nanamuhla, ngoba embundwini wenkulungwane yesithathu, ukukhiqizwa kwawo kuye kwaphela ukukhiqizwa kwawo.
Indawo engozini yenjini enjalo ukukhulula i-torque. Ngaphandle, lokhu kubonakaliswa ukwephulwa kwe-trajectory yenhlangano yesigubhu - kuyachitheka ngaphandle kokufeza ithuba eliphelele.
Izinzuzo ezingabazayo zohlobo lwe-asynchronous hlobo zilula ukuklanywa nokulula kwensiza, okungukuthi okuthe xaxa kwemoto nokubuyisela amabhere abikezelwe. Injini ye-asynchronous isebenza buthule, futhi ishibhile kahle.
Ububi bedivayisi bufaka usayizi omkhulu nokusebenza kahle okuphansi.
Imvamisa, lezi zinjini zifakwe amamodeli alula futhi angabizi kakhulu angafani emandleni aphezulu.
Umqoqi
Izinjini ze-Collector zeza zizongena esikhundleni semishini yesigaba sesibili sama-asynchronous. Amakota amathathu wemishini yasendlini ahlonyelwe ama-motors alolu hlobo. Isici sabo yikhono lokusebenza kokubili ekushintshanisweni, naku-DC.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Amathayili we-Clinker we-facade, isisekelo, amathrekhi engadini
Ukuqonda umgomo wenjini enjalo, chaza kafushane idivaysi yayo. Umqoqi uyisigubhu se-Copper, ehlukaniswe imigqa ebushelelezi (izigaba) ezifaka "izingxenye". Oxhumana nabo kulezi zingxenye ngamaphaneli kagesi angaphandle (ukucacisa lezo zingxenye kugesi, igama elithi "iziphetho") litholakala kakhulu ezinhlangothini zombuthano. Ngeziphetho, womabili la mabhulashi axhumana noxhumana nabo abashelelayo abaqinisekisa ukuxhumana kwe-rotor nenjini, eyodwa ohlangothini ngalunye. Ngokushesha lapho noma yisiphi isigaba kunikwa amandla, amandla kazibuthe avela ku-coil.
Ngokujika okuqondile ku-stator kanye ne-rotor, amandla kazibuthe aqala ukushintshanisa shaft motor iwashi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuxhumana kwamacala: Amacala afanayo abuyiselwa emuva, izinto ezahlukene zikhangwa (ngokubonakala okukhulu, khumbula "indlela yokuziphatha" yama-organi ajwayelekile). I-Brush kancane kancane isuka kwesinye isigaba iye kwesinye - futhi ukunyakaza kuyaqhubeka. Le nqubo ngeke iphazanyiswe kuze kube yilapho inethiwekhi inevoga.
Ukuthumela i-shaft counterclockize, udinga ukushintsha ukusatshalaliswa kwamacala kuma-rotor. Kulokhu, amabhulashi afaka ngakolunye uhlangothi - ukuhlangabezana nesitaki. Imvamisa, iziqalo ze-electromagnetic ezincane (ukudluliselwa kwamandla) ukusetshenziswa kwalokhu.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo zenjini ehlanganisiwe ijubane eliphakeme lokujikeleza, ushintsho olubushelelezi ekuguqukeni kwamandla okuguquguquka, kuya ngokushintsha okuthe xaxa kwama-oscillation kagesi, indawo enkulu yokuqala ne-compact. Phakathi kokubi kwayo, kunempilo emfushane yenkonzo ngenxa yokugqoka okusheshayo kwamabhulashi kanye nomqoqi. Ukuxabana kubangela ukwanda okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa, okuholele ekubhujisweni kwesendlalelo, kufakwe oxhumana nabo abaqoqayo. Ngesizathu esifanayo, ukuvalwa kwentethenteke kungenzeka kwenzeke lapho kuvela khona umoya, ongadala amandla kazibuthe. Ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kwenkinga enjalo kuzoba ukumiswa okugcwele kwesigubhu.
Inverter (inscoleton)
Injini ye-Inverter iyimoto eqondile yedrayivu. Lokhu kwasungulwa kungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10. Kuthuthukiswe ukukhathazeka okudumile kwaseKorea, kwathola ukuthandwa ngokushesha ngenxa yempilo yenkonzo ende, ukuthembeka, ukugqokwa kokuphefumula kanye nobukhulu bayo obuhle kakhulu.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungabuyekeza kanjani itafula ngezandla zakho - Imiyalo enezithombe zemibono
Izakhi zalolu hlobo lwenjini nazo i-rotor kanye nesitebele, kepha umehluko eziyisisekelo ukuthi imoto inamathiselwe kwisigubhu ngqo, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinto ezixhumayo ezahluleka ekuqaleni.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo ezingabazayo zezinjini ze-Inverter zilula, ukuntuleka kwemininingwane ngokuya ngokugqoka ngokushesha, indawo yokuhlala elula emzimbeni womshini, umsindo ophansi kanye ne-oscillations, ukuhlanganiswa.
Ukungathandeki kwemoto enjalo kuyinkimbinkimbi - ukukhiqizwa kwalo kudinga izindleko eziphakeme nomzamo, okubonakala ngokubonakalayo ngentengo yezimoto ezingezinhlobo.
Isikimu sokuxhumana kwezimoto kunethiwekhi
Umshini wokuwasha wanamuhla
Lapho uxhuma injini yedivayisi yesimanje yokuwasha kunethiwekhi nge-voltage ka-220V, kuyadingeka ukubheka izici zayo eziphambili:
- Isebenza ngaphandle kwesiqalisi;
- Ukuqala imoto akudingi i-capacitor yokuqala.
Ukuqala injini, kufanele uxhume kwinethiwekhi ngocingo oluvela kuyo. Lokhu okulandelayo yilezi zinhlelo zokuxhuma umqoqi kanye nama-motor gercle.
Okokuqala, nquma "ngaphambili komsebenzi", ukuqeda oxhumana nabo abasuka eTahegererator futhi abahlanganyeli ekuxhumekeni. Babonwa ngumhloli abasebenza kwimodyuli. Ukulungisa ithuluzi kwelinye koxhumana nabo, elinye uphenyo, thola umbhangqwana walo. Ubukhulu bokumelana neTachogenerator Wires cishe ngama-Ohms angama-70. Ukuthola umbhangqwana koxhumana nabo abasele, babize ngendlela efanayo.
Manje iya esigabeni esisebenza kakhulu somsebenzi. Xhuma i-Wire 220V komunye wemiphumela evuthayo. Owesibili uyadingeka ukuxhuma ngebhulashi lokuqala. Ibhulashi lesibili lixhumeke ku-220-volt wire. Vula imoto kunethiwekhi ukubheka ukusebenza kwayo *. Uma ungavumeli amaphutha, i-rotor izoqala ukujikeleza. Khumbula ukuthi ngokuxhumana okunjalo kuzohamba ngendlela eyodwa kuphela. Uma ukuqulwa kwecala kudlula ngaphandle kokulwa, idivaysi isilungele ukusebenza.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungasinamathisela kanjani ibhokisi ngephephadonga
Ukushintsha indlela yokuhamba kwenjini ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuxhumana kwamabhulashi kufanele kushintshwe: manje okuqala kuzofakwa kunethiwekhi, kanti okwesibili kuxhunyiwe kokukhipha umoya. Hlola ukulungela kwe-motor kusebenze okuchazwe ngenhla.
Inqubo yokuxhuma ongayibona kuvidiyo elandelayo.
Ukuwasha umshini wakudala
Ngokuxhumeka kwenjini emishini yakudala yesampula, kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe.
Okokuqala, nquma amabhangqa amabili afanele iziphetho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umhloli (yi-multimeter). Ukulungisa ithuluzi kwesinye seziphetho ezinamandla, okunye ukuphenya, thola umphumela, umbhangqwana kuye. Oxhumana nabo abasele bakha ngokuzenzakalelayo umbhangqwana wesibili.
Lapho-ke kufanele kunqunywe lapho isiqalisi sitholakala khona, futhi ikuphi umoya osebenzayo. Ukukala ukumelana kwabo; Ukumelana okuphezulu kuzokhombisa ukuhanjiswa okuqala (isoftware), okudala i-torque yokuqala, kujwayelekile okujwayelekile ekunikezelweni komoya (ama), kwakha amandla kazibuthe okujikeleza.
Ngezansi kukhona amasu okuxhumanisa injini yesigaba esinezigaba ezintathu, nemishini yevidiyo eningiliziwe kubo.
