Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-valve kusuka ku-valve, ukuhlaziywa kwezici zokuklama kwe-design kukuvumela ukuthi wenze ukukhetha okulungile kwensiza ukuqiniswa lapho ufaka ipayipi.
Uhlelo lwe-wedge valve.
Ama-valve edivayisi
I-valve iyithuluzi eliqinisiwe eline-shutter ngendlela ye-disc, ishidi noma i-wedge ehamba eceleni kwezindandatho zokubekwa uphawu okuvalekile ku-axis aphakathi nendawo.Ngokuya nge-design ye-valve, kungahle kube nokudlula futhi kuncishiswe ukuba nezimbobo zezindandatho zokubekwa uphawu ngaphansi kobubanzi bepayipi.
Ngokuya kwe-geometry ye-shutter, ama-valve ahlukaniswe ngokufana ne-wedge. Ama-wedge ama-valve ahlome nge-shutter ye-wedge enezindawo zokubopha ezitholakala e-angle komunye nomunye. I-shutter wedge ingaba namandla, iqinile noma i-disc eqinile.
Ama-valves afanayo afakwe ama-shutter anezindawo ezinamabala alo abonakele. Lo mklamo ungaba yingxenye eyodwa (intombi) noma ama-disc amabili.
Ama-valves angahlonyiswa nge-sliding spindle (stock) kanye nokungatholi (ukujikeleza spindle). Ziyahlukahluka ekwakhiweni kwesikulufa, esishukumisa i-shutter. Ama-valve anokujikeleza i-spindle anosayizi omncane wokwakha.
Izinzuzo nokubi kwama-valve
Umdwebo wedivayisi ye-Valve: 1 - I-Valve Body, 2 - Nut, 3 - Washer, 4 - I-Gasket, 5, 16 - Vand, Stock, 08 - Selnik Bush, 11 - I-Flywheel, 12 - Washer, 13 - isikulufa, 14 - Washer.
Inzuzo eyinhloko yama-valves ukuthi akukho ukunqoba kwengcindezi ye-medium ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhambisa umzimba osebenzayo, okuwumzamo odingekayo ukuhambisa i-shutter. Ukuvumelana kokugeleza kwamanzi aphakathi kwezokuthuthwa kanye ne-cofficiefless encane yokumelana esimweni esivulekile kuyinto ebalulekile enkulu.
Ngenxa yokwakheka kwe-symmetrical, ukusetshenziswa kwama-valves kungasetshenziswa ezinkombeni ezihlukile zokuhamba kwezithuthi eziphakathi, kuyilapho kungethina imihlangano eyeqile nokuhlukaniswa kokuxhunyaniswa kwe-flange, lapho kunesidingo sokushintsha indlela yokuhamba yemvelo yangaphakathi.
Ububi obukhulu besakhiwo yilolo enqubweni yokuhambisa umzimba osebenzayo wama-valve, ukungqubuzana okunamandla kwenzeka. Ama-valves anokuphakama okukhulu kokwakha ngenxa yesidingo sokunweba induku.
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Lapho i-shutter itholakala endaweni ephakathi nendawo, isigaba se-Seaside Cross sigcwele ngokwengxenye, ukugeleza kuncipha ezindaweni eziphansi zokukhanya kwendandatho yendandatho, ukuwaveza ekugqokeni okuqinile kokusebenza okusebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokusebenza kwimodi yokuvala okuyingxenye, i-valve ayinikeziwe ngokuqina okwanele lapho ivaliwe. Lokhu kungukungabi nalutho kungokwemvelo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokuqinisa kanye nokukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwe-valve njengento yokulungisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici zokulawula zama-valves azigculisi.
Isicelo kanye nokusebenza kwama-valves
Ama-valve asetshenziswa kumapayipi anobubanzi obungaphezu kwama-50 mm, lapho okubushelelezi kwesigaba sesiphambano kuyadingeka ukuvikela umthelela we-hydraulic.Zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zomoya kanye nomoya wokufaka umoya omncane (kanye nasekufudumele komoya), i-analogue ye-valve design iyindle yokuthuthwa komoya, okuyinto yensimbi yoxambuke, ohamba ezigabeni ze-perpendicular eziya ku-eksisi kwe-duct yomoya.
Ungenzi ngaphandle kwama-valves futhi kudivayisi yezinhlelo zamapayipi nezinhlelo zokuhambisa indle, ipayipi legesi, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zobunjiniyela zezimboni. Amaningi akholelwa ngephutha ukuthi ama-valves ahlukahlukene ama-valves, kepha lawo angamadivayisi ahlukile anokuhlukahluka okuhlelekile okunquma izici zokusebenza.
Idivaysi nama-valves
Isikimu sedivayisi ye-Sewberry Gate: I-1-siweter, umhlahlandlela wepuleti engu-2, isihlalo esingu-2, amacala ama-5, amakhabe, ama-6-ring, izimbotshana ezinamaphakethe, ama-pointer ayi-8, 11- Isembozo, amafutha ayi-12, indandatho engu-13.
I-valve iyi-valve, i-shutter yayo ehamba nge-pair efakwe intambo. Imiklamo yenziwa ngohlobo lwe-threaded (coupling) kanye nokuxhuma ama-flanges amapayipi.
Ngokuya ngelungiselelo elihambisanayo lokuphuma nokuxhumeka kokufaka, ama-angular kanye nama-valves aphasayo ahlukanisiwe. Imikhakha yamavesi ifaka phakathi izakhiwo lapho ama-axes okukhishwayo namapayipi okuxhuma okufaka afana noma ahambisana. I-valve ye-angular, nayo, ifakwe izimbazo ze-perpendicular.
Kuya ngenhloso, ahlukaniswe ngokuvalwa, ukuphepha, ukulawula, ukusika, ukudlula, ukuphefumula, ukubuyela emuva.
I-valve ingaba yithemba namaviki amabili. Ama-valve amaviki angabodwa, nawo, ngesimo se-shutter ahlukaniswe ngenaliti nesitsha. I-valve enokulawulwa kwencwajana lapho i-shutter ihamba khona nge-pair efakwe intambo, imvamisa ibizwa nge-valve. Ukwehlukanisa ukulawula nokumisa ama-valve. Inhloso yama-valves avaliwe ukugcwala okuphelele kokugeleza okuphakathi, ngoba lokhu bahlome ngomzimba ovaliwe.
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Ama-membrane ama-valves - ama-armature design lapho ukweqa kwe-flow of the medium kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ulwelwesi olunobuhlakani obuningi (ipulasitiki, irabha). Lezi zinhlelo zenziwa nge-cast iron ngokuhlanganiswa kwangaphakathi kwezinto zokumelana nokungamelana ne-corrosion (irabha, amapulasitiki, koqweqwe lwawo).
I-HOSE VALVVVI ukwakheka kokuqiniswa, lapho ukugcwala kokugeleza okuphakathi kwenziwa khona ngenxa yokukholisa i-hose yerabha ngaphakathi kwe-valve. Ama-Valve asetshenziswa zombili nge-hose enezinhlangothi zombili.
Ama-scheme ensimbi ama-valves ane-spindle ethosiwe.
I-Valve Valve yenzelwe ukukhishwa komoya oqongelelwe noma umphunga we-vapor futhi ivikele ukwakheka kwe-vacuum emathangini enqubweni yokuphefumula "okukhulu" kanye "nokuncane". Umqondo wokuphefumula "omkhulu" wenzeka ngezindleko nokugeleza koketshezi, "okuncane" kubangelwa ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa.
Ngenxa yama-valves okuhlola, kungenzeka ukuvikela ukwakheka kokusakazwa okubuyiselwe okuphakathi. Kuma-valves esheke, umzimba wokuvala uvulwa ngokusakazwa okuqondile okuphakathi futhi kuvaliwe ukugeleza okubuyela emuva. Ukuphakanyiswa kokubuyiselwa kwe-valve kunesivale esenza ukunyakaza okubuyisanayo. Ukwakhiwa, okuhlome nge-mesh, kufakwa ekuqaleni kwepayipi lokumunca. I-Rotary Check valve ifakwe nge-shutter ijikeleza ezungeze i-eksisi evundlile, etholakala ngaphezulu kwesikhungo sesihlalo se-valve.
Izinzuzo namaphutha we-valve
Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-valve ukungabikho kokungqubuzana kwezindawo zokubopha uphawu, lapho zivaliwe, ngoba i-shutter ihamba ngengozi, yona inciphisa ubungozi bomonakalo. I-valve inokuphakama okuncane ngokuqhathaniswa ne-valve ngenxa yokuthi unhlangothi lwe-spindle luncane futhi alusekho kububanzi bepayipi. Kodwa-ke, banobude obukhulu bokwakha, ngoba kunesidingo sokufaka ukugeleza ngaphakathi kwecala.
E-valve, i-shutter ihamba nge-peppendicularly, ngesikhathi sokuvala uhlelo, izindawo zokubopha ukubhekana nazo azihloliwe, futhi lokhu kuvimbela ukwenzeka kokukhula.
Ukuntuleka kwama-valves kungukumelana okukhulu kwe-hydraulic. Kwenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ekuqondeni kokugeleza kwe-Living Media. Ushintsho olunjalo luvela kabili ngaphakathi kwezindlu zedivayisi.
I-valve ibonakala ngokuthi inemikhawulo ngesikhathi sokusebenza futhi ingasetshenziswa kuphela endaweni ethile yokuhamba kwe-livential medip. Idizayini ihlelwe kusengaphambili ukuthi ukugeleza kufanele kuvule ngaphansi kwepuleti bese kufaka ingcindezi kuyo kusuka esihlalweni esivaliwe. Ukuvula i-valve kuvusa umboni wepuleti kusuka esihlalweni. Uma i-valve igxile ngakolunye uhlangothi, khona-ke endaweni evaliwe, ipuleti lizonamathiselwa esihlalweni, esizokwakha ubunzima obukhulu lapho kuvulwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwephulwa kwepuleti kusuka enduku nokukhishwa kwe-valve kuphume.
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I-valve eyakhayo nesebenzayo esebenzayo ne-valve
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-valve kusuka ku-valve? Umehluko kungenxa yokwakhiwa kwemizimba yabo yokukhiya. Emavaloma, ukugeleza kwegesi noma i-fluid edlula nge-valve, ecindezelwa ebheke esihlalweni sezindiza ezivundlile zokuhamba okuhambisanayo kokuhamba okuhambisanayo, kulokhu kugoba okuphindwe kabili kwe-90 ° kwenziwa, kodwa Ukumelana kuyanda.
Ngokungafani ne-valve valve, i-valve ifakwe i-shutter enobumba obunjiwe noma i-coneid, kwenza ukunyakaza okubuyisana endaweni ye-saddle.
Kuma-valves, ukugeleza okudlula ngenxa yekhambi noma ngesigaxa, wehle ngenhlawulo ekuqondisweni kokunyakaza kokugeleza.
Ngomklamo ofanele we-valve, akukho ukuncipha kwezimbobo ezisebenzayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nokufaka nokukhipha. Endabeni yokusebenzisa ama-valves, izinketho eziningi zingenzeka. Kumapayipi amaningi, kufakwa ama-valves we-wheel-wheel drive, lapho ububanzi bomgodi oqhubayo luhambelana nobubanzi bepayipi, noma kunjalo, kuvame ukuba inhloso yokunciphisa i-torque yama-torque nama-valve ancishisiwe asetshenziswa, okuthi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa ukugqokwa kwezindawo zokubopha uphawu.
Ngokucindezela okukhulu noma ububanzi bamapayipi, ngaphezu kwama-300 mm ama-valve asebenza kahle. I-valve ibuye ibe ne-design elula, umphumela wayo obiza kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukuzungeza ngengcindezi enkulu, kepha ngengcindezi ephezulu njengesifiso sokucindezela i-valve kusuka esihlalweni, kwakhiwa umthwalo owengeziwe emklamo. Kuma-valves ukumelana awekho ngokuphelele, njengoba bengenakho ukugoba.
Ngenxa yengcindezi yendlela eyodwa, eduze kwe-flap emgodini kuya esihlalweni kuqinisekiswe, okwenza ama-valve anamadivayisi athembekile okukhiya.
Into evinjiwe yama-valves ingangena ngokuphelele ukugeleza kwegesi noma uketshezi, noma ivuleke ngokuphelele, ama-valves nawo angenza umsebenzi wokulawula izinto.