Kwesinye isikhathi kunesidingo sokwakha kabusha isakhiwo. Ukusebenza kabusha kwakhiwa kabusha kufaka phakathi ukuvulwa kokuvuleka ezindongeni. Uzofunda ukuthi ungavuleka kanjani odongeni ukuze kungabi namandla, kepha kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amathiphu azokhathalela kuphela ubuchwepheshe bezinqubo, futhi azikho izincomo zokwakhiwa kabusha kanye nokuxhumana kwezinguquko ekwakhiweni komklamo yesakhiwo esineziphathimandla ezifanele kuzo zizonikezwa. Kumele kushiwo ukuthi ukuzethemba ngokweqile ekwakhiweni kabusha kwezindonga kungaholela emiphumeleni edabukisayo. Uma ukuhlukaniswa kwengxenye yengxenye engathandeki kusongela ukuwa kwayo kuphela, ukwakhiwa kabusha okungalungile kodonga oluthwala kungaholela ekubhujisweni kwesakhiwo.
Ukuvulwa kodonga kungenziwa ngokuxhumana kwe-BTI, ukuze uqiniseke ngokunembile ukuthi awusongeli udonga lokuthwala.
Izinto ezizothuthukisa udonga ngenhla kwendawo ye-disassemble yimikhiqizo yensimbi yephrofayili:
- Ama-schlerlers;
- Ama-Boutons;
- Amakhona.
I-Swearer odongeni, iphrofayili enamandla kakhudlwana kufanele isetshenziselwe isipele sezakhiwo eziqinayo. Lapho kukhethwe i-jumper, ukuphakama kodonga kufanele kubhekwe, umthwalo oyobona kuwo. Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi idivaysi nomnyango, futhi iwindi ligcinwa ngokulinganayo. Ububanzi bawo bunqunyelwe (kunalokho okungaphezulu, okubuthakathaka ukwakheka). Kuliqiniso, ukuvulwa kwewindi (uma kungaphansi kuka-1.5 m) kuvame ukwenziwa kuphela nge-jumper, futhi ngomnyango kuyadingeka ukuqinisa izigaba ezithe mpo, ngoba zizovezwa ngomthelela othe xaxa.
Vula ekuhlukaniseni ingaphakathi
Ukuhlukaniswa kokuhlukaniswa kokhonkolo
Ukuvulwa kodonga lukakhonkolo kwenziwa ngosizo lwe-perforator, kanye ne-sledgehammes.
Ukuhlela umnyango odongeni olungeyona inkampani ethwala, elula. Lezi zahlukaniswa, njengomthetho, azinakho ubukhulu obukhulu. Izindonga zezitini zingagoqwa futhi ingxenye yesitini. Mayelana nendlela yokwenza umnyango kuzo kuzobhalwa phansi kancane, kepha ngoba manje kufanele ukhulume ngokwakhiwa kabusha kokuhlukaniswa kokhonkolo. Uzodinga:
- ukugaya ngombuthano wedayimane, i-perforator noma i-jackhammer (kuzoba kuhle uma uthola umsiki wedayimane ngokhonkolo);
- Iziteshi noma amakhona;
- Ithuluzi lokumaka;
- umshini we-welding;
- I-Sledgehammer.
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Udinga ukucabanga ukuthi izingcezwana zikakhonkolo zizowa kuphi. Uma uhlela ukuyisika ngengcezu eyodwa enkulu, khona-ke ngaphansi kokuwa, kumane nje kudingekile ukubeka imali ekhokhwayo yokushaqeka. Amathayi angenza emandleni akhe
Ukuqinisa ukuvulwa odongeni lukakhonkolo.
Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi ayikho i-wiring exhunywe kwinethiwekhi. Ngemuva kokunika amandla isiza, sisebenza ebusweni bezinhlaka zokuvula okuzayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungahlukanisa le ndawo ngaphakathi kwe-perimeter echaziwe kumasayithi ambalwa wesikwele. Ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa udonga, ukusika noma ukulumba ngobuso bemigqa esetshenzisiwe. Ezinye izingcezwana zizogxunyezwa kalula ngesando esimboziwe, kanti abanye kuzofanela basike ukuqiniswa. Kunoma ikuphi, udinga ukuvumelanisa umsebenzi omude. I-charm yonke kudivayisi yomnyango ekuhlukaniseni kokhonkolo ukuthi ingagawulwa ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwe-jumper, ngoba iphaneli likakhonkolo liyi-monolith. Ekupheleni kokuhlukaniswa kokuvulwa, ungaqhubekela ekuqiniseni kwawo. Ngokuya ngobukhulu bokuhlukaniswa, khetha isiteshi noma amakona akhiwa yibharisi eliphakeme le-crossbar futhi mpo ngokuvulwa.
Ukungafani kwe-brick masonry
Izinketho zokukhulisa udonga lwezitini.
Hlukanisa udonga lwezitini kalula ngeke lusebenze kalula. Cha, ama-masonry uqobo ahlukaniswa nje, kepha imiphumela ngeke ibe khona, uma ukhipha izitini ezi-1-2 kusuka kuma-masonry, kuhle, ngaphambi kokuhlasela isiza sonke, kuyadingeka ukufaka i-jumper ezothatha isisindo se Udonga kuwe. Njengoba sekushiwo, ubukhulu bokuhlukaniswa bungaba ngu-12 cm kuphela. Ukubhoboza ngokuzayo okuvulwa isikhathi eside ngomgodi we-hole ama-jumpers awakwazi, njengoba kusongela ukubhujiswa kobumbano.
Ukuze lokhu kungenzeki ezinhlangothini ezi-2 zodonga ngenhla kophahla lokuvulwa, kuyadingeka ukwenza imikhumbi ijule yayo kufanele ifane ne-Found ekhoneni (60 x 60). Ubude babo kufanele budlule ububanzi bokuvula okungenani isitini esingu-1. Namathisela womabili amakhona kwi-grooves eyakhekile akwanele. Kuyadingeka ukuwalungisa. Kulokhu, izimbobo zama-studs noma ama-bolts zizodonswa kumaphrofayli nodonga. Ngemuva kokuhlakazeka kwezitini phakathi kwamakhona, imivimbo yensimbi ifakwe, futhi ama-fasteners angasuswa. I-Wall verticals nayo ithuthukiswa ngamakamelo noma amakhona, afakwe nge-jumper ekwakhiweni okukodwa.
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Ungathumela kanjani ukuvulwa
Ukufaka i-jumper odongeni oluthwala.
Vele, ubonile ukuthi umsebenzi kudivayisi yomnyango uvame ukwenziwa ezinhlangothini zombili zokwahlukanisa. Kulokhu, umaki usetshenziswa ezinhlangothini ze-2. Kungenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwayo ngendlela elula.
- Kokunye okuphezulu, kudonswa ama-empococity contours.
- Isigaba esinsundu se-12 mm simiswa ngezimbobo emakhoneni aso.
- Imigqa efanelekile isetshenziswa ohlangothini olubuyela emuva.
Okwezindonga ezinciphile ngokhonkolo, le ndlela yokumaka ayihambelani kangako, ngoba ezimweni eziningi ingahlukaniswa ngemodi "Eceleni". Le ndlela iyadingeka lapho kuhlukaniswa izitini izitini, kanye nezindonga ze-capital. Mayelana nendlela yokwenza umnyango ngokugcina kuzobhalwa ngezansi.
Okusebenza ezindongeni ezivunayo
Ukuqinisa ukuvula, ukuhaba kuyasetshenziswa, ukushuba kwalokho okuncike ekukhulumeni nokuphakama kodonga
Izindonga ezinezitini, njengomthetho, ukhonkolo omkhulu kakhulu. Ukuqinisa ukuvulwa, basebenzisa:
- Iziteshi 10p ne-10U, 12p ne-12U, 14p ne-14U (kuya ngobukhulu nokuphakama kwezindonga);
- Izikopelo kanye nama-bolts avela ku-M16 kuya ku-M24 ngama-Washers namantongomane.
Okokuqala, ukuhlanganiswa kwakudala kususwa odongeni kuya kuma-masonry. Ukumaka kusetshenziswa kukho. Ema-engeli onxande odonswayo nangamaphuzu athile emigqeni, kumiswa izimbobo eziningi. Ngasohlangothini olubuyela emuva, ukuqedwa kuyasuswa futhi, futhi iziqubu ze-Outlook zidonswa.
Manje, ngaphezulu kwayo okuvundlile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyadingeka ukuhlukana nobude obude nokujula okuhambelana nobukhulu besiteshi noma inqwaba (futhi ubude be-jumper kufanele budlule ububanzi bokuvulwa kwe okungenani 50 cm). Ngaphambi kokufaka amaphrofayli kuzo udinga ukumba izimbobo zama-stud. Iziteshi kufanele zigcwaliswe ngazo njalo ngama-50 cm, kepha kunoma yikuphi lapho kufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-3 ngaphezulu kokuvula.
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Iphrofayili yokuqala ibekwa kwi-groove ngesisombululo ngasinye. Ngokusebenzisa udonga oludonsela izimbobo zabantwana. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-groove ingqongqothelwa i-jumper yesibili, ngemuva kwalokho isiteshi sifakwe kukho. Womabili womabili amaphrofayli aqiniswa ngezikhonkwane, ngaphansi kwamantongomane okumele ama-washer abe.
Ngemuva kokuhlambalaza udonga, i-jumper yokuvulwa kufanele iqinise ngaphezu kwalokho. Kusetshenziswa ukufudumala, iziteshi zihlotshaniswa nentambo eqinile yensimbi enobukhulu bamapuleti ayi-6 mm noma amapuleti ambalwa aguqukayo njalo ngama-20 cm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-verticals iyaqiniswa futhi phansi kokuvulwa. Amaphrofayli afakwe ezinhlangothini eziphambene nodonga zifakwe imivimbo yensimbi.
Izindonga ezenziwe ngesitini esincanyana sikakhonkolo. Ukwenza umnyango, kuzoba kahle kakhulu ukukhulisa amakhona awo okungenani angama-63 x 5 mm. Baqeda umngcele wokuvula ezinhlangothini zombili. Amakhona angenziwa afakwe komunye nomunye, axhumeke amapuleti bese udonsa ama-hairpin.
Amaphrofayili amaphrofayili we-fasteners kumele afelwe lapho kufakwa i-jumper, ngoba izogcina udonga ngenkathi luhlakazeka udonga lukakhonkolo.
Imivimbo yenziwa ngendlela efanayo nalapho ifaka khona amakhona ekwahlukanisweni, isinyathelo esivame kakhulu sama-fasteners sisetshenziswa kuphela ngokuqinisa iphrofayili. Ukuhlukaniswa kodonga kuqala ngesinye sezikwele ezingenhla (ukwahlukana okwakubhalwe ngenhla). Ngemuva kokususa owokuqala, udinga ukupheka womabili amakhona we-jumper ndawonye. Kufanele kwenziwe okufanayo lapho kususa ezinye izingcezu ngaphansi kwe-crossbar.