Cishe wonke umnikazi wesakhiwo sezwe, kungekudala, ucabanga ngokwakhiwa kokugeza. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukugeza akuyona nje indawo yokuwasha, kodwa futhi nento ebalulekile yeholide lezwe. Ukwakhiwa kokugeza kwe- "Turnkey" kungahle ku-oda kusuka kochwepheshe ngesamba esiyindilinga, noma bazame ukwakha i-geat ngezandla zakho.
Ngemuva kokufunda le ndatshana, ungakhetha iphrojekthi, ufunde ukulandelana kwenqubo yokwakha, ujwayelane namamodeli ama-boilers futhi uthole inketho engcono kakhulu ye-cottage yakho.
Umklamo
Ngoba ukuqhubeka nokwakha, kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa iphrojekthi kaBhanani. Ukuze wenze lokhu, akudingekile ukuxhumana ne-Architect, iphrojekthi elula ongayithuthukisa nathi, ikakhulukazi njengoba kunezinhlelo eziningi zokwakhiwa kwamakhompiyutha.
Cabanga ukuthi uluphi usayizi ozobe ugcwele umndeni wakho. Yiziphi izakhiwo ezizoba ngaphakathi kokugeza. Ukusuka kwizinto zokwenza izisekelo, izindonga nophahla, ungakhohlwa futhi, mayelana nosizi. Iphuzu elibalulekile ekwakhiweni ukubekwa kwe-boiler nendlela yebhokisi layo lomlilo.
Ngezansi ungazijwayeza ngamaphrojekthi wokuvinjwa athandwayo:
- Usayizi wephrojekthi yokugeza - amamitha angama-4x4.
- Iphrojekthi yokugeza - amamitha angama-4x6.
- Iphrojekthi yokugeza - amamitha angama-5x6.
- Iphrojekthi yokugeza - amamitha ayi-6x3.
- Iphrojekthi yokugeza - amamitha we-3x3.
Ngemuva kokuthi usunqumile ngosayizi nezinto zokwakha zokugeza, kufanele udale ukulinganisa kwezindleko.
Isisusa
Ngokwakhiwa kokugeza, sebenzisa izinhlobo eziningi zezisekelo. Ngokuya ngesisindo sezindonga kanye nezimpawu zenhlabathi, izisekelo zalezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zenziwa:
- Isisekelo esivela kumapuleti.
- Isisekelo se-Columnar yezindonga ezikhanyayo.
- I-Pile Foundation.
- Isisekelo sebhande likakhonkolo.
Njengoba ukuzilolonga sekukhombisile, isisekelo esithembeke kakhulu cishe sazo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi, iyi-Concrete Belt Foundation, eqiniswe ngokuqiniswa.
Ngokwenziwa kwesisekelo esiqinisiwe seribhoni sokugeza uzodinga:
- Usimende.
- Isihlabathi.
- Amatshe amatshe.
- I-armature.
- Amafomu.
- Ruberoid.
- Ucingo.
- Amafosholo.
- U-concrete mixer.
- Harness.
- Izigxobo.
- Amathuluzi (amapuleti, isando, i-roulette nabanye).
Endaweni ekhethelwe ukwakhiwa, yenza ukumakwa komsele wesisekelo esizayo. Ngokumaka sebenzisa i-harness, yeluliwe phakathi kwezikhonkwane. Ububanzi be-Trench bususelwa esindweni sezinto ezibonakalayo zodonga. Ukuze uthole ukugeza okuphelele kokhuni noma izitini, kwanele ukwenza ububanzi be-trench amasentimitha angama-30- 40. Ngokubeka uMarkup, yenza okulandelayo:
- Ukugxila kuMarkup, ukudonsa umsele ngokujula kwamasentimitha angama-50-80.
- Gwema phansi komsele bese uwugcwalisa ngamanzi ukuze unciphise inhlabathi.
- Thumela phansi kweTale Tale yokufaka amanzi manzi.
- Beka umsele ngomugqa okwesithathu kokujula kwawo.
- Faka amafomu emaphethelweni omsele.
- Yenza uhlaka oluthuthukisa umthombo, kusuka ezinduku zokuqinisa ezixhumene nocingo.
- Faka uhlaka lokuqiniswa kabusha kwifomu.
- Ngosizo lwama-concrete mixers, yenza ikhambi lesikhumba ngokulingana: ingxenye eyodwa kasimende ngengxenye yesihlabathi nezingxenye ezimbili zamatshe.
- Gcwalisa usimende ukuze wakhe amafomu, uzama ukuvikela ukungabi nalutho komoya.
- Ngemuva kokomisa ukhonkolo, susa owakhekayo.
Isisekelo sokugeza sesilungile!
Izindonga
Izinto ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa ukwakha izindonga:
- Izingodo zokhuni.
- Brica.
- Amabhodi.
- Izitini.
- Amabhulokhi avela kuma-Mixs ahlukahlukene wokwakha (ibhulokhi ye-slag, ukhonkolo olwenziwe nge-arcrete, i-arbolit nokunye).
Njengoba ukwakhiwa kwe-bruis noma ukugeza kwezitini sekuchazwe kabanzi kwi-Intanethi, ake sibheke ukwakhiwa kwesigameko sokugeza kusuka kubha ye-15x15 namasentimitha angama-2x15:
- Yenza imichilo engezansi, kulokhu, thatha imigoqo ngesigaba sesiphambano sika-15x15 cm. Bese uwafaka kwisisekelo, ukuxhumana namapuleti akhethekile wensimbi namakhona. Kunenye indlela yokuxhuma imigoqo, ngokuphuza emaphethelweni abo ama-spikes, ama-grooves kanye nokuqinisa okulandelayo ngezikulufo noma izipikili. Ukwenza uhlaka, ungakhohlwa ukubeka amanzi ngaphansi kwemigoqo.
- Faka ama-racks mpo kusuka kuma-vertices angama-5x10. Ibanga phakathi kwama-racks livame ukwenziwa amasentimitha angama-50-60. Okokuqala, nquma isikhundla sefasitela neminyango bese ufaka ama-racks ama-framing.
- Ngenqubo yokusebenza, lungisa ama-struts wesikhashana asevele efakwe ama-racks ukuze angazihluphi.
- Yenza i-Upper string, uyitholile emaphethelweni ama-racks mpo.
- Ukwenza ukuqina kokugcina kwentambo ephezulu, nakekela isikhundla sama-racks mpo, uhlola amazinga abo.
- Qiniseka ukuthi uqinisa ukuxhumeka kwe-angular okunama-racks we-diagonal, kuzosiza ukugwema ukuphonsa isidumbu.
- Yenza ukusikwa kophahla.
- Ngemuva kohlaka lohlaka, yenza ingaphandle lezindonga zodonga ngengxenye yesiphambano yamasentimitha angama-2x15. Uma ungafuni ukubonakala kwezikhala phakathi kwamabhodi, bese wenza isikhumba - "sikhanya", sibeka umphetho ongezansi wamabhodi ebhodini lesishiyagalolunye. Ukubukeka, le ndlela ifana nezindonga zezindonga ngokuhlalwa.
- Igcina ukugeza kusuka ngaphandle, iya ekufakweni kokufakelwa. Ama-Foam noma amashidi woboya amaminerali afakwa emaphethelweni mpo ngohlaka.
- Ngaphezulu kokufakwa, kuyadingeka ukufaka ungqimba lwesithiyo se-vapor esinamathiselwe kuma-racks mpo ngezifunda ezicinisiwe.
- Ngemuva kokufaka i-vaporizolation, yenza okugeza kwangaphakathi kwe-trim nge-clapboard noma ama-slats.
- Shisisa uphahla ngokuhleza emashidini angaphakathi okufakelwa emfipheni, khona-ke ukufakwa. Sika uphahla kusuka ngaphandle, amashidi we-plywood.
Qaphela ukuthi ukukhiqizwa nokungenisa kophahla kungenziwa futhi ngemuva kokukhwela ophahleni.
Uphahla
Uphahla lwezincwadi zokugeza luyizinhlobo ezintathu:
- Single.
- Phinda kabili.
- Inkimbinkimbi - equkethe izinduku ezine neziningi.
Imvamisa kokugeza sebenzisa izinketho ezimbili zokuqala. Ake sibheke ukuhlukahluka kophahla lwe-bartal embozwe amabutho ensimbi:
Ukwenziwa kophahla kuqala ngokufakwa - Mauerlat. Ezimweni zezindonga zozimele, indima ye-mauerlat yenza unhlangothi oluphezulu.
- Faka ukuma okuqondile kungqimba.
- Xhuma ama-racks usebenzisa ama-run futhi uqine.
- Faka imilenze ye-rafter ngokuzinamathisela ku-mauerlat, run kanye nokuxhuma amaphethelo aphezulu. Ibanga phakathi kwama-rafter kufanele abe ngamasentimitha angama-50-60.
- Faka ama-Metal Tile Sheets.
- Sika ama-froths ngama-slats wokhuni noma insimbi yamaqabunga.
Ukuze uthole ukwazana okubonakalayo okwengeziwe ngentaba yophahla, ukudweba kuyakhonjiswa:
Onke amasayizi ezinto zophahla abhalwe:
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi okuncane othatha ukuthambeka kwezimpande, imithwalo yeqhwa eyengeziwe kuyodingeka ibe neqhwa. Futhi, ukuxutshwa okuncane kophahla kungaholela ku-plum empofu yamanzi nokuvuza.
Amafunyetelo
Idizayini yaphansi incike ngohlobo lwegumbi. Ekamelweni lokuphumula, kwakhiwa izitezi ezijwayelekile zokhuni. Emakamelweni e-waxing kanye nama-steam, phansi kwenza amazinga amabili:
- Izinga lokuqala lenziwa ngokhonkolo, linokudlalela emgodini we-drain.
- Izinga lesibili lingamapulangwe ansomi amabhodi anezikhala zokudonsa amanzi.
Uma ufuna ukwenza i-layot Stonework noma i-tile, khona-ke bamane bangenele ezingeni lokuqala ngaphansi komthambeka emgodini we-drain.
Ukuze wenze phansi kokhonkolo bese ukopha ekubhaleni okudingayo:
- Maphakathi noSteam kanye nokumanzisa, faka amapayipi epulasitiki ngesilinganiso samasentimitha ayi-5-10 nenkambu ekugcineni. Amapayipi kufanele adlule emgwaqweni ngokusebenzisa isisekelo bese uxhuma ohlelweni lwendle.
- Faka ungqimba lwezinto ezingavikeleki.
- Kuyo yonke indawo yamakamelo, uthele ungqimba lwamatshe amasentimitha ayi-10-15 amasentimitha aminyene.
- Yenza ikhambi likasimende bese ugcwalisa phansi ngesithambeka esithe xaxa esifakwe ngepayipi le-plug-up.
- Faka kabusha i-grille i-grille eya e-drainage kadoti endle.
Esigabeni sesibili, kwenziwa phansi phansi kokhuni:
- Faka ama-lags wokhuni kuwo wonke amakamelo. Ibanga phakathi kwama-lags enza amasentimitha angama-30- 40. Njenge-lag, ungasebenzisa imigoqo ngesigaba sesiphambano se-3x5 cm. Noma 4x6 cm.
- ELags, asondele ebhodini ngesigaba sesiphambano 2x15 cm. Noma 5x20 cm.
- Emakamelweni, lapho kuthathwa khona amanzi okudonsa, shiya izikhala phakathi kwamabhodi ngo-0.5-1 cm.
Ungakhohlwa, ngaphambi kokufaka phansi kokhuni, phatha zonke izingxenye eziboshwe ngokhuni. Izitezi zemishini, qaphela ukuthi kumele zibe ngaphezulu, noma ezingeni lophenyo oluphezulu lwesisekelo.
Okokubilisa
Imodeli ye-boiler boiler izoncika kumakhono akho wezezimali nakuwo onke ozowasebenzisa ukufudumeza. Uma uyazi ukusebenzisa i-welding, khona-ke i-boiler elula ingenziwa ngensimbi eshile eshile. Uma ukhetha ama-colas athuthukile kugesi noma ngogesi, angathengwa kumafemu akhethekile.
I-boiler egumbini le-Steam ifakwe ngendlela ebekwenga i-combustonce Chamber ngophethiloli, yenziwa noma isuka emgwaqweni, noma isuka egumbini lokuphumula (i-Pre-Banker). I-boiler uqobo, ngenhloso yokuphepha ngomlilo, itholakala kumasentimitha ayi-10-15 ukusuka ezindongeni eziseduze. Izindonga zokuphakama kwe-boiler zivaliwe ngamashidi wensimbi. Isixazululo esiphumelele sizokwenza izitini ze-boiler, lapho, lapho unciphisa isikhathi sokupholisa nokuvikela izindonga emlilweni.
Njengoba uhlele i-chimney ye-boiler, unake ngokukhethekile indawo lapho ipayipi lihlangana nophahla. I-Hole of Chimney, kufanele ihlukaniswe ngezinto zokuphikisa. Futhi, naka indawo lapho ipayipi le-chimney lidlula ophahleni. Imvamisa, le ndawo ingaphansi kokuvuza, ngakho-ke kufanele ifakwe ngokucophelela. Ngezansi kukhetha izinketho zama-boilers ukuze ubhavu:
- I-Homemade Metal Sheet Boilers.
- I-boiler ephethwe yigesi.
- U-Boiler kagesi.
- Boiler kuphethiloli kanzima.
Ukuhlelwa kokugeza
Ngemuva kokuthi kwakhiwe i-sauna, kuyadingeka ukuyihlomisa:
- Hambisa kubhavu lonke olutholakala esizeni - ugesi, indle, ukugeleza kwamapayipi.
- Beka ngaphakathi kwesinki, ikhabethe lokugeza, imithombo ekhanyayo, ifenisha yokuzilibazisa.
- Qeda izindonga nge-curly slats futhi wenze amashalofu angenayo.
- Thenga amashubhu okhuni, hayk, amabhakede nemishanelo.
Ngemuva kokulungiswa, ungamema izivakashi ngokuphepha, unyakaze ekugezeni kwakho!
Imiyalo yomhlangano waseMiniban wokupha ngaphandle kwesisekelo, ungabheka futhi kuvidiyo:
Izinketho zokugeza ezinhle nezingajwayelekile
Ngaphezu kwezinto zokwenziwa zendabuko nemiklamo yokugeza, kunezisombululo eziningi eziningi. Ngezansi sizonikeza izithombe zokugeza ezingajwayelekile kakhulu:
- Ukugeza kweselula kusuka ku- "Lining", okwakhelwe ku-trailer yemoto.
- Ukugeza emgqonyeni omkhulu wewayini.
- Ukugeza kwamabhodlela epulasitiki.
- Ukugeza kwemba, kwakhiwe ngqo emhlabathini.
- Ukugeza kuhlelwe esitsheni sensimbi.
- Ukugeza kwamahlathi kusuka ezingomeni eziluhlaza.
- I-sauna sauna enhle.
- Ukugeza kwebhodi elingahleliwe.
Ekupheleni kwendatshana ngithanda ukukukhumbuza ukuthi ukufudumala kokugeza kuhlotshaniswa nomlilo namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ukwakha i-Brick Bath, Brica, Slagoblock noma amabhodi, banake kakhulu ukuphepha komlilo. Lesi sixwayiso sibuye siphathelene nedivaysi kagesi ye-wiring, ngoba ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kokugeza zikhuphule umswakama womoya kanye nengozi yokuvala igridi yamandla ngenxa ye-condensate inkulu kakhulu.
Siyethemba ukuthi ukufunda i-athikili yethu kuzokucindezela esakhiweni esizimele sokugeza!
Isihloko ngesihloko: Iphrofayili yodonga ye-DryWall: Ukukhetha kanye nokufakwa kwezinhlaka