Izindonga zeStucco ezenziwa ngamalambu zenzele ngokwakho

Ukwenza ukuguquguquka kwefulethi, ihhovisi noma ekhaya, nakanjani uzobhekana nesidingo sokulungiswa. Le nqubo idla kakhulu futhi idinga amakhono ochwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, kuzoba ngcono ukwethemba lo msebenzi kochwepheshe. Kepha uma ukuze silondoloze isabelomali sokulungisa, unquma ukuqeda izindonga ngokwakho, ngaphambi kokuxova ikhambi, funda lesi sixazululo, funda lesi siqondiso esishiwo ngenhla ohlolweni ngezandla zakho.

Izindlela Zokulinganisa Izindlela

I-Stuccoings of Wall isebenza ngezindlela eziningana.

1. Endizeni, usebenzisa umthetho (ngaphandle kwamakhamulo). Le nketho ilungele uma izindonga zivame ukushelela, ngaphandle kwamaconsi nokuphambuka okuqinile.
2. Ukuqondanisa kwezindonga ngamalambu amalambu. Indlela yesibili ifanelekile uma izindonga zinokuphambuka okukhulu nokungahambi kahle.

Izidingo zodaka

Izidingo eziyisisekelo zekhwalithi ye-Plaster Plaster zibekwe ku-SNIP III-21-73. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubazi uma uthatha isinqumo sokwenza umsebenzi hhayi wedwa, kodwa ukuqasha abasebenzi. Izinga lomsebenzi lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezi-3: ngohlamvu olulula, oluthuthukisiwe nolusezingeni eliphezulu.

1. Ngodaka olulula, ukuphambuka kuvunyelwe ngokuqondile ku-3 mm nge-1 m, kepha kungabi ngaphezu kwe-15 mm kukho konke ukuphakama kwegumbi. Ngakho-ke, ukuphambuka okuphezulu kodonga ophahleni lungu-2,5 m - 7.5 mm. Ukungahambi kahle okubushelelezi kuvunyelwe, njalo ama-4 kV. m. - Azikho izingcezu ezingaphezu kuka-3. Ukuphakama kwabo noma ukujula kwalo akufanele kudlule i-5 mm. Ngokuvundlile, ukuphambuka okuphezulu kungu-3 mm nge-1 m.
2. Sniped for plaster ethuthukisiwe kudinga ukubambelela okuqinile ekubekezeleni. Ngeshwa - akukho ngaphezu kwe-2 mm nge-1 m, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu kwe-10 mm kukho konke ukuphakama kwekamelo. Ivumelekile ekuhangeni okubushelelezi - Awekho ama-2 PC. Kwamamitha ayi-4 skwele. m., Ukujula okungaphansi kuka-3 mm. Ngemitha ngalinye ngokuvundlile, ukuphambuka akusikho ngaphezu kwe-2 mm.
3. Izidingo eziqinile ze-decount kakhulu zikhonjiswa ngodaka olusezingeni eliphakeme. Ukuphambuka okuqondile kufanele kube ngaphansi kwe-1 mm nge-1 m, kepha kungabi ngaphezu kwe-5 mm ekuphakameni kwegumbi. Ukuba khona kokungahambi kahle okungu-2 nge-4 sq. Ubukhulu obuvunyelwe. m., Ukujula okungaphansi kuka-2 mm. Ngo-1 m ovundlile, ukuphambuka akusikho ngaphezu kwe-1 mm.

Ukuqondaniswa kwezindonga ngamalambu

Le ndlela ingasusa ukungahambisani okukhulu kodonga. Amaphrofayli akhanyayo azosebenza njenge-amplester ukuze asebenze kahle kahle ngezimvume ku-1 mm / sq. M.

Izindleko zomsebenzi

Intengo yokuphamba isuka kuma-ruble angama-600. ngesikwele. M. Ake sibala ukuthi ungagcina malini uma ungaqashi abasebenzi.

Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuthenga i-perforator kanye ne-bubble level ngobude obungu-2 m. Zonke ezinye izinto zizofakwa kuhlu ngezansi. Ama-ruble angama-6000 azokwanela konke lokhu, ngakho-ke uzokusindisa vele ngemuva kokuqondanisa nodonga olulodwa ngendawo engamamitha-skwele ayi-15. m.

Uma ufuna ukulinganisa izindonga ezinendawo engamamitha-skwele angama-90. m., Ukonga kuzoba ngama-ruble okungenani angama-30,000! Uzoba nethuluzi lonke naphakade, futhi uma selivele likhona, khona-ke abalisebenzisi isono. Uma silufaka izindonga ngokwazo, nakanjani sizoqiniseka ngekhwalithi yabo.

Khetha ingxube ngodaka

Manje izixazululo ezidumile ze-plaster ziyizingxube ku-plaster kanye nesimende. Sizokhuluma ngokuhambisana kwezindonga zengxubevange yengxubevange yezizathu ezilandelayo.

• Ungafaka izingqimba ezinde kuya ku-5 cm, ngaphandle kokuqhekeka.
• Ngokungafani nosimende, izingxube ze-gypsum azikho ngaphansi kwe-shrinkage.
• I-Gypsum ineplastiki ephezulu.
• Ngenxa yokunamathela okuphezulu esisekelweni nesisindo esincane, uphahla lungaqondakala.
• I-Gypsum inokushisa okuhle kakhulu nokufakwa okuzwakalayo, futhi kuvumela nezindonga "zokuphefumula".
• Amandla okubushelela amakhonkolo abushelelezi ngaphandle kokuqinisa igridi.

Ukusuka kuma-gypsum mix, imikhiqizo yenkampani yaseJalimane i-knauf - i-rotband ithandwa kakhulu. Futhi kukhona udaka oluxubana olususelwa ku-plastervel olususelwa, ungqimba we-wave, oforman No. 10 nabanye.

Amaphrofayili akhanyayo

Ama-beacons wensimbi

Ama-Metal Beams amaphrofayili amancanyana e-iron ye-galvanized nge izimbobo ezihlanganisiwe ezizokwenza iqhaza labavinjelwe ngesikhathi sodaka. Ukuqhuba "ukubusa" kubo, sisusa okuseleyo kwesisombululo. Ubude obujwayelekile be-beacon - 300 cm, ukujula - 3, 6 no 10 mm. Ukulungisa ama-beacons wensimbi odongeni kwenziwa ngezikulufo kanye ne-perforator.

Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungayifaka kanjani i-Bathroom Siphon: Imiyalo yokufaka

Ama-gypsum beacons

Udonga olubushelelezi lungenziwa ngaphandle kwensimbi beacons. Esikhundleni salokho, izilonda zokufakelwa ziboniswa kusuka ku-gypsum. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine isikhathi (awudingi ukudonsa izibani, bese unamathisela ukushaqeka okuvela kubo) futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kodaka.

Ukwenziwa kwe-Gypsum Beacons kwenzeka ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Odongeni lapho kuzokwenziwa udaka, kufakwa izikulufa ze-dowel-screw;
2. Ngosizo lweleveli ejwayelekile noma ye-laser, ama-screws akhombisa ukuphakama okufiselekayo;
3. Kuma-screws of screws afaka iphrofayili yensimbi noma ibha enezinkuni elibushelelezi;
4. Ukubamba iphrofayili ngesandla, udaka ngodaka lubekwe ngaphansi kwalo;
5. Ukususa i-gypsum esele, iphrofayili isusiwe.

Umugqa we-gypsum ophumayo uzoba yikhatho, imichilo enjalo yenziwa kulo lonke udonga.

Ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungayenza kanjani izibani ezikhanyayo kusuka ku-plaster, kukhonjisiwe kuvidiyo:

Amabhishi epulasitiki

Ngaphezu kwensimbi nodaka, kusekhona ama-beacons epulasitiki. Ziyafana kakhulu nomuntu wazo wensimbi, kepha azenziwe ngensimbi eyenziwe nge-galvanized, kodwa kusuka epulasitiki elinamandla. Bopha ama-beacons apulasitiki odongeni kanye nensimbi ngezikulufo. Ukungathandeki kwalolu hlobo lwezinkubani kungukuchitheka kwawo, ngokushaywa okuqinile ngomthetho.

Amathuluzi adingekayo nezinto ezisetshenzisiwe

• ukuxubana kodaka;
• Izibani 3-6-10 mm;
• I-perforator kanye ne-adaptha nge-nozzle yokwenziwa kwesixazululo;
• ama-dowels adingekayo;
• Izikulufa esihlahleni ngesinyathelo esingavamile;
• i-crosshead screwdriver;
• Ileveli ye-Bubble - amamitha ayi-2;
• Isikelo sensimbi noma isiBulgaria sokusika izilonda;
• isando;
• I-Plumb;
• Umthetho we-Aluminium - amamitha ayi-2 kanye nomthetho wamamitha ayi-2,5 wokufakwa kwezikhala;
• I-spatula ebanzi - 15 cm;
• Ukugaya insimbi;
• ibhakede;
• i-acrylic primer;
• primer ukucubungula odongeni okhonkolo kanye nezindonga ezibushelelezi;
• Ibhulashi elibanzi noma i-roller ngebhavu lokusebenzisa i-primer;
• roulette;
• Amagilavu ​​wokuvikela isandla.

Uhlu luhlaba umxhwele, kepha okunye kwalokhu cishe usuvele unakho. Izindleko eziphambili ziyi-perforator, izinga nokushaywa, okusele akubizi kakhulu. Futhi, akufanele kugcinwe ngensimbi enjengokuthi "Rule" - Lesi sitimela eside se-aluminium esinonqenqemeni olubukhali, ngosizo lwayo lukhiqiza ukuhambisana kwesisombululo lapho uthayi wephansi noma udaka. Ukubusa kulula ukubheka ubusika obukhona.

Inqubo yokwenza udaka

Lapho zonke izinto zokwakha namathuluzi zithengwa, ungaqala ukuvumelanisa izindonga. Okubaluleke kakhulu isigaba sokulungiselela, ngoba ukufakwa okulungile kwamaLughtouse kuwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Ungakwenza lokhu ngezindlela ezihlukile, sichaza enye yazo izindlela ezikhona. Uma kukhona izinga le-laser, lesi sigaba siba lula.

Ukumakwa kwezindonga, ukufakwa kokukhanyisa nokukhanyisa

• Okokuqala, hlola ngokucophelela ingaphezulu lezindonga. Sebenzisa izinga kubo bese ubheka ukuthi ukuphambuka okungakanani ngokuqondile. Ngemuva kwalokho thola zonke izigaxa nokudangala usebenzisa umthetho omude, kuwusebenzisa ngama-engeli ahlukene. Kutholakale ukuthi kungakabi uphawu uphawu.
• Okulandelayo, yenza ukumaka kwamalambu. Ake sithi unodonga lwamamitha ayi-4,5 ubude ngokuphakama kophahla lwemitha engu-2.75 metor, futhi kukhona umnyango we-90x205 -205 kulo. Isibonelo sikhonjiswa esithombeni.



• Okokuqala, faka amalambu amnyama kakhulu ezinhlangothini zombili. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukubuyela emakhoneni acishe abe ngu-30 cm futhi ufunde umugqa omile.
• Ukusebenza nomthetho wamamitha amabili, ibanga phakathi kwama-beacons kufanele kube cishe nge-130-160 cm. Kuzoba lula kakhulu ukufunda umugqa ofanele kuqala, ngoba sinomnyango lapho. Buyisela amamitha ayi-1,6 futhi uphakamise olunye umugqa.
• Umugqa olandelayo uhlala amamitha ama-2.3, ngakho-ke sihlukanisa leli banga ngesigamu, ekugcineni uhlala ukwenza omunye umugqa ngemuva kwe-115 cm. Kufanele imakwe njengasesithombeni.
• Manje buyela emigqeni eyeqisayo.
• Buyela emigqeni ebekwe phansi ebekiwe ka-15 cm (275 cm Ceiling - ama-beacons angama-245 cm, ahlukanise ngo-2 = 15 cm.) Nokumba izimbobo kula maphuzu. Phuza i-dowel kubo ngokuzidweba ukuze babambe ngokuqinile. Ukungezwani phakathi kwamakhona amabili egumbi lentambo endaweni evundlile.
• Buyela kusuka kuma-dowels 245 cm futhi wenze okufanayo. Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele ube nemigqa emi-2 ehambisanayo. Ezindaweni lapho imicu izowela imigqa yophawu, yenza umaki omaka. Ngezitembu, shayela kulokhu kuvuleka bese ushayela ama-dowel ngaphandle kwezikulufo zokuzishaya.
• Ngenxa yalokhu, waphumela imigqa emi-2 yezimbobo eziqine emgqeni. Izikulufo ezikhoneni zingasusa, kepha ama-dowels asazosiza.



Ukulandelana kokufakwa kweMayakov

• Ukulungiselela izindonga ngaphansi kodaka kufaka phakathi indawo ephoqelekile yobuso ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ikhambi. Lokhu kwenziwa ukukhulisa ama-clotch wezinto zokwenziwa, ukususwa kothuli nokunciphisa ukumuncwa komswakama. Ikakhulu yokugaya okudonswayo okufana okunjengekhonkolo ezitini nokwenziwe kahle.



• Okwezindawo ezibushelelezi, sebenzisa "othintana ngokhonkolo", kanye nokuthambisa kakhulu futhi ku-porous - inhlabathi yokungena emhlabathini.
• Lapho izindonga zomiswa, ungaqhubeka nokusebenza kuMarkup. Qinisa izikulufo ezi-4 ezedlulele nezi-2. Ake sithi uma udonga lugcwele phezulu ngo-1.5 cm, khona-ke ibanga phakathi kwe-cap kanye nodonga luzoba cishe ngo-2,5 cm (1.5 ukungahambi kahle + 0.6 Lighthouse + stock 0.6-0.5).
• Lapho ujikisa izikulufa, faka ubuso obukhali ezindongeni busa ubone ukuthi udinga malini ukulungisa umlenze wesikulufa esingezansi. Kufanele kube umugqa oqondile oqonde ngqo.
• Kwenziwa okufanayo nge-pair yesibili yezikulufo ezi-angular. Lesi yisigaba esinzima kunazo zonke odayiswayo wezindonga, ngakho-ke sondela kukho. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-plumb kusuka ku-screw ephezulu, noma izinga le-laser.
• Manje qiniseka ukuqiniseka ukuthi izibani ngeke zibhalwe ngemuva kokufakwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, donsa intambo ye-diagonal eceleni kwezigqoko zezikulufo. Ukubeka ucezu lwendlu yokukhanyisela ngaphansi kwalo futhi uhlole ukuthi afanela ngokukhululeka ngaphansi kwentambo. Bese udonsa i-diagonal yesibili. Uma konke kuhamba kahle, hlela izikulufo ezisele zokuzishaya ekhoneni.
• Phakathi kwezigqoko ezingenhla, donsa intambo eduze kwezigqoko. Iphrofayili yeBeacon kumele idlule kuyo ngokukhululeka. Ngendlela efanayo, lungisa izikulufa eziphakathi nendawo, ama-cap abo kufanele athinte kancane intambo.
• Phinda okufanayo emgqeni ongezansi. Kufanele ube nezikulufo ezi-8 endizeni efanayo.

INtaba iMayakov

• Sika ama-beacons kancane ngaphansi kwebanga phakathi kwama-dowels. Kuthu, kuzobe amamitha angu-2.4 angu-2.4.
• Lungiselela ingxube embalwa yokufaka ama-beacons asheshayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthele amanzi athile ebhakedeni bese uthele le ngxube. Hlanganisa ngokuphelele ne-spatula noma i-perforator ene-nozzle.
• Ukuvumelana kwesixazululo kumele kube ngoketshezi oluningi oluningi kunoshizi we-cottage shizi. Usonga oluqediwe akufanele luwele eSpatula.
• Faka isicelo sodaka eceleni komugqa ukuze uphuze izigqoko zezikulufo. Cindezela i-Lightouse kwingxube usebenzisa umthetho, kepha hhayi ngokujulile kunezigqoko zezigqoko. Kulula kakhulu ukukwenza ndawonye - umuntu oyedwa ovela phezulu, ongezansi.
• Qiniseka ekuphakeleni kwendlu yokukhanya efakiwe ngosizo lomthetho omude kanye nezinga, uma kunesidingo, lungisa isikhundla salo. Lapho-ke ungakhipha izikulufo odongeni.
• Ungakhohlwa ukuhlanza umthetho kusuka engxenyeni ngaphambi kokoma, uqhubekele eLightouse elandelayo.

Njengoba le yinto enzima kunalokho i-plasters yokuqala, sincoma ukubona inqubo yokufaka ama-beacons kuvidiyo:

Kufaka udaka

Lapho ama-beacons avikelekile ngokuphephile, ungaqala udaka lwezindonga.

• Thela cishe amabhakede amanzi ayi-1/3 bese wengeza ikhambi, livuse nge-mixer.
• I-Swerer uhlela ukusebenzisa ungqimba, ubukhulu kufanele kube yisixazululo, kepha akufanele kukhishwe kwi-spatula. Kunoma ikuphi, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda imiyalo esephaketheni ngengxube.
• Uma izindonga zidonsa ngamandla umswakama, kudingeka ukuba zithambisa kakhulu phambi kodaka. Uyemukelwa kuphela esizeni esizoqeda, esikahle kakhulu ukwenza lokhu ngesibhamu sokufafaza. Uma ungakwenzi lokhu, udaka uzosheshe anikeze wonke umswakama, ungabi nesikhathi sokubamba, nokuqhekeka.
• Ukufaka isicelo ngodonga odongeni okwenziwe ochwepheshe kwenziwa yiCape yi-spatula odongeni. Ungazama ukuyisebenzisa eMalka, futhi ngokushesha uhambisane nodonga, uma ulula kakhulu.
• Ukukhiqiza ukuqondanisa kodonga kusuka phansi kuya phezulu. Ungqimba lodaka kufanele ube mnene, ngaphandle kokuqaqa, bese udlula izikhanyitho.
• Bese uthatha umthetho nobuso obukhali, buhlale kuma-beacons, qala ukuholwa yibo. Uma ugcina umthetho nge-angle, khona-ke uzosusa kakhulu. Ukuqondanisa kwezinga kuqala ngomngcele ongezansi we-beacons. Ukunyakaza kwe-Zigzag kukhuphuka kancane, futhi ususe okuseleyo, ubaphonse i-spatula.
• Kwakha ama-bubble kanye nokungahambi kahle kudaka, kuyadingeka ukuphimba kabusha, kulezi zindawo ikhambi alifinyeleli odongeni.
• Susa ikhambi nge-spatula kule ndawo bese uyiphonsa futhi. Bese uphinde udlule umthetho wale ndawo.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, sebenzisa futhi ukubusa kulo lonke i-Height, ngaphandle kokunyakaza kwe-zigzag nengcindezi, ekugcineni kusheshe ubuso. Phinda uphonsa odongeni olungenhla. Yenza le nto izikhathi ezi-3-4 kuze kube yilapho okusalayo kuhlala khona umthetho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuhamba umthetho kusuka phezulu kuya phansi - ususa enye ingxenye yesixazululo esithe xaxa.
• Okulandelayo, thola ingxenye entsha yodaka bese uphinda izenzo uze ufike ebusweni obuphezulu beLignthouse.
• Ngokumema phezulu kokuphela kweBeacon, iya esitokisini esilandelayo. Lapho wonke amabhendi enamathiselwe, kuzoba nendawo kusuka phansi nophahla. Kuzodinga ukushumeka ngemuva kokomisa ikhambi odongeni.

Ku-plaster of slopes kusuka eminyango namafasitela, faka isisombululo nge-ostrown, njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni.



• Gcwalisa amaphutha asele emaphethelweni wesisombululo futhi uvumelanise ngaphandle kwama-lightouses usebenzisa indiza eyisicaba yodaka olusha. Umthetho ubambe ngokuqondile noma uthambe.
• Lokhu yilokho ubuchwepheshe bokuqondanisa kwezindonga eziLibani Manje udinga ukubheka umphumela womsebenzi - kwalokhu sebenzisa umthetho ngama-engeli ahlukene.
• Uma kukhona izimbungulu ezingaphezu kwe-1 mm - umphetho obukhali we-Little Town Square ngokweqile. Uma kunemifantu - kuya eZadach kubo ngesisombululo se-liquid bese uqhathanisa umthetho.
• Manje kubalulekile ukususa ama-Metal Beacons avela odongeni, ngaphandle kwalokho ayashwabana. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ubakhotha nge-screwdriver, bese uthatha udaka.
• Izicathulo ezivelayo zenza isisombululo futhi zisakaze. Ukwenza ingxube ingene ngokuqinile igebe, lisebenzise ukunyakaza kwalo okwenziwe nge-X.

Uma izindonga zinomehluko omkhulu ngaphezulu kwama-5 cm, kuyadingeka ukukhiqiza udaka ezingxenyeni ezimbili. Isendlalelo sokuqala sisetshenziswa ngaphandle kokuqondanisa, futhi ngenkathi ingakaze iqandiswe, i-spatula kuyo yenza okungahambi kahle (ama-serifs). Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ungasebenzisa ungqimba wesibili, uphinde ulayishe kabusha izindonga.

Kodwa-ke, ngokuhanjiswa okukhulu, kuzothuthuka ngokushesha izindonga nge-drywall.

Ukuze uqonde kangcono inqubo yokuqondanisa izindonga, bheka lezi zifundo zevidiyo ezilandelayo kulolu hlelo:

Ukubeka udaka

• Isigaba sokugcina sibeka udaka. Ukwenza kube lula ukukwenza, kungcono ukuqala i-grout ngaphambi kokomisa ikhambi. Kulokhu udinga ukuzala udaka olunezingxenye ezincane ekuguquguqukeni okukodwa. Ngaphambi kokuba kubunjwe, umswakama indawo encane yodonga lwemitha yesikwele e-1.
• Faka isisombululo kube yincane bese uyifaka ungqimba oluncanyana. Bese uphonsela inselelo lesi sikwele se-malka endaweni engama-45 degrees, ngengcindezi eqinile.
• Qhubeka ngokubushelela isikwele kuze kube yilapho isixazululo sizoma eMalka, ngenkathi sisusa okusalayo. Ingaphezulu kufanele liphumelele futhi libe bushelelezi.
• Phinda lezi zenzo, kepha isikwele esisha ngasinye sipholisa umlandeli we-pectist kwangaphambilini. Zama ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, ukuphazanyiswa kuphela kudaka.

Qaphela! Uma uvumelanisa izindonga egumbini lokugezela ngaphansi kwethayela elilele, ungqimba oluncane lodaka kufanele ube ngu-10 mm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngeke kudingeke ukukhiqiza i-grout, ngoba nge-clutch enkulu kunazo zonke, amathayili anodonga azodinga ukudala ukungahambi kahle.

Umphumela womsebenzi ukhonjiswa esithombeni:

Ama-Plaster Facades

Uhlamvu lwangezindonga zangaphandle (ama-facades) ezikhaleni ngokusho kobuchwepheshe kucishe kufane nangaphakathi endlini. Into esemqoka lapha ukubheka umbuso wokushisa. Izinga lokushisa emgwaqweni kufanele libe ngaphezulu kwe-zero.

Okwe-facades, ingxube esuselwa kusimende nesihlabathi kuvame ukusetshenziswa. Ngokuqina okukhulu, i-facade ingafakwa kugridi yensimbi futhi ilungiswe kuyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa igridi uma izindonga zendlu zenziwe ngezitini ezibuthumbulu.

Sasibheka ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungaziphasela kanjani izindonga ngosizo lwamaLunthouse. Manje usungayenza kalula le misebenzi futhi yenze ngokwakho. Ungapheli amandla uma ungakwazi ukuphumelela leli cala kusukela okokuqala ngqa, konke kudlula ngesipiliyoni, futhi nakanjani uzofunda ukuthi ungayenza kanjani izindonga zibushelelezi ngokuphelele. Siphinde sikuncome ukuthi uzijwayeze nge-athikili yethu ngokufaka isicelo sokuhlobisa.

Isihloko esimweni: konke mayelana namakhethini kusuka ku-cavron: kusuka ekuthuleni ekugezeni