Izitebhisi ezingaphansi: ukukhetha kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukubalwa kanye nomhlangano ngezandla zakho

Igumbi elingaphansi - igumbi alibonakali, kepha ukusetshenziswa kalula kudinga ukuba khona kwezitebhisi. Kufanele abe nezindlela ezimbili: zikhululeke futhi zithembeke. Imvamisa egumbini elingaphansi lihlele ukwakhiwa kwehora elilodwa. Okuqukethwe kukhethwe okuhlukile. Yenza izitebhisi ezinjalo ezikhumbeni ngeke zibe nzima. Udinga ukuqala kuphrojekthi bese ukhetha okuqukethwe.

Izitebhisi ezilungele ukuya egumbini elingaphansi

Isitebhisi esitezi esingaphansi singafakwa ngokuzimela, kepha hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi kunesikhathi. Kulesi senzakalo, akudingekile ukucasuka, ngoba cishe kuzo zonke izitolo zokwakha ungabona izakhiwo eziqediwe ezethulwe ngabakhiqizi abahlukahlukene.

I-compact modular staircase - inketho enhle yebanga elingaphansi

Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokwakha kanye nezixazululo ezithokozisayo ze-Design Solutions zizovumela umthengi ukuthi athole izinketho ozifunayo ezitebhisini eziya endaweni yokungena. Kulabo abamatasa, asikho isikhathi sokuya ezitolo, kunenye indlela yokuphuma - i-Intanethi izosiza. Ungathola izindawo eziningi zokwakha eziqeqeshiwe lapho kukhethwa khona okukhulu kwezitebhisi.

I-Wood Staircase - Isixazululo Somnotho

Amatebhisi athile futhi agoqa egumbini elingaphansi futhi i-attic isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ngokufunwa. Lesi sakamuva singafakwa nge-hatch.

Isikhathi esiphela esingavumi ukwamukelwa kwemiklamo eqediwe kufanelekile kuphela ukuba ngaphansi okujwayelekile. Uma kukhona ama-nuances, kuzofanele wakhe ukuzibandakanya ngokwakho noma ngokuzibandakanya kwamakhosi.

Ukukhetha kwezinto ezibonakalayo

Izinto zokwenziwa kwezitebhisi zidlala indima ebalulekile. Ukukhetha kuncike ekuxakekeni komsebenzi, amakhono ezezimali, kanye nokuthi uhlala isikhathi eside kangakanani, uthembekile futhi uhlala isikhathi eside.

Izinketho eziphambili yilezi:

• Izinkuni. Ibonakala ngokulula ekucutshungweni nasekutholakaleni. Kepha, izitebhisi zokhuni ezingaphansi zidinga ukucutshungulwa ngokucophelela nokuvikelwa kumswakama, isikhunta nesikhunta. I-microclimate engaphansi ayithandeki ngokhuni. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kwezinto uqobo, udinga ukuchitha ezintweni zokuzivikela.

• Iphrofayili yensimbi. I-Metal Staircase iyi-design ethembekile kakhulu futhi eqinile. Ngasikhathi sinye intengo yedivayisi yayo iyanda. Kudinga ukucutshungulwa nokuvikelwa kumswakama. Kuyadingeka ukususa ukugqwala bese umboza izinto zokupenda ezingxenyeni eziningana.

• Ukhonkolo. Enye yezinto zabo ezihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kepha ilungele kuphela izisekelo ezibanzi ezibanzi. Idizayini ekhonkolo ngokwayo iyinqaba futhi ithatha isikhala esithe xaxa sokhuni noma ngensimbi. Naphezu kwamandla kakhonkolo, naye udinga ukuvikelwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, qeda izinyathelo ngopende, tile, ukuhlanganiswa kwenjoloba.

Uma kwenzeka kukhethwa ngokhuni noma ngensimbi, ungakha futhi ufake uhlobo lwesikulufa sezitebhisi. Ithuba lalolu hlobo lomkhiqizo lihlangene.

Ukubalwa kwamaGabari

Ukwakhiwa kwezitebhisi egumbini elingaphansi lendlu kuqala ngezibalo futhi kwakha umdwebo. Izinkomba ezifanele zosayizi wezitebhisi yilezi:

• Ububanzi be-marmam. Amapharamitha 0.9-1 m alungele inketho ejwayelekile. Uma isikhala segumbi sivumela, ungakhulisa imashi encane.

• Lumen. Kukuphakama kusuka endaweni yesinyathelo kuya kokuqedwa kwesisekelo. Le pharamitha isuselwa ekusebenzeni. Umsebenzisi akufanele athinte ikhanda lophahla. Endaweni emincane emincane, imvume kufanele ilingane nokukhula komuntu okuphakathi kanye ne-10-20 cm.

Isihloko ngesihloko: Izici ezakhiwe izitebhisi: Izinhlobo, izinzuzo kanye nokukhiqiza ubuchwepheshe | +55 Izithombe

• I-steapness. Ukukhetha okukhulu kakhulu esakhiweni segiya 75. Uma izitebhisi ezimile zinelisekile, khona-ke okuncane kuzoba kuhle, kuzokwenzeka kube lula kuyo ngesikhathi sokuzalwa noma ukuphakamisa. Kepha kudinga isikhala esithe xaxa. Inketho efanelekile ngu-26-32.

• Ukujula kwesiteji. Leli nani livame ukungabi ngaphezu kwama-30 cm. Ezimweni ezijwayelekile, ukujula kwesiteji kuzama ukwenza ngokuhambisana nosayizi womlenze womuntu. Ngaphansi, lesi simo akusona, ngoba ukwengeza kumapharamitha kukhulisa ubude bomklamo wonke futhi, ngakho-ke, kuthatha isikhala esithe xaxa.

• Ukuphakama kwesiteji. Zisukela ngo-15 kuye ku-20 cm. Lokhu kuyindlela efanelekile yokunyakaza okunethezekile. Akunasidingo sokuphakamisa imilenze yakho. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphakama kwazo zonke izinyathelo kuyafana. Endabeni lapho ubude bamalumagazini behlukaniswe, khona-ke amasentimitha angeziwe angezwa noma esiteji sokuqala noma sokugcina.

Bala inani lezinyathelo ngale ndlela elandelayo: ubude be-design bahlukaniswe ukuphakama okulinganiselwa kwezinyathelo. Isibonelo, ngokuphakama kwezitebhisi ezingama-2,5 m kanye nesiteji, 0.15 m kutholakala ngenxa yezinto eziyi-16,6. Njengoba isibalo singaphelele, khona-ke asetshenziswa kanjena: ama-2,5 m ahlukaniswe ngo-16 futhi athole ukuphakama okungu-0.156 m noma 17, okuphakama kwesinyathelo kuzoba ngu-0,147 m.

Ukwakhiwa kwesitebhisi sikakhonkolo

Izitebhisi ezenziwe ngokhonkolo ezingaphansi kwendlu engaphansi kwe-rustic kuyindlela ephelele. Izinzuzo zisobala:

• hhayi ngaphansi kokugqwala;
• ungagoqi;
• Ngeke iqhubeke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Amaminithi afaka iqiniso lokuthi kungcono ukuyifaka esiteji sokwakha indlu yangasese. Uma isimo esinjalo senzekile ukuthi lo mbono uze ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukulungiselela le nqubo yokusebenzisa isikhathi futhi, mhlawumbe, izindleko ezinkulu.

Ngaphambi kokwenza izitebhisi ezansi ezandleni zakho, kuyadingeka ukubala hhayi amapharamitha awo kuphela, kodwa futhi nenani lezinto ezidingekayo:

• usimende, isihlabathi, itshe elichotshoziwe;
• ukuqiniswa kokuqiniswa;
• Amapulangwe efomini.

Onke ama-nuances acatshangelwa esigabeni sokudweba umdwebo, njengoba ukwakheka kunguMonolithic nokwenza ushintsho ngeke kwenzeke.

Amanani ngamanye abaluleke kakhulu emcimbini wokwakhiwa kwesikulufa noma inketho ngezinyathelo ezisebenzayo.

Isinyathelo Isinyathelo 1 - Ukukhiqizwa Kwesisekelo

Ukulungiswa kwesisekelo sezitebhisi zikakhonkolo kuncike ekutheni ucansi luhlelwe ngalo ngaphansi kwendlu engaphansi. Uma i-conkcrete slab ingubukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele, khona-ke isisekelo akudingekile ukwakha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, endaweni yokulinganisa umkhiqizo phansi, indawo ibekwe ngezilinganiso ububanzi obukhulu obukhulu.

Ukuqinisekisa isisekelo, ungqimba olungenhla lokujula okungu-0.5 m lususiwe. Ukudonsa itshe elichotshoziwe ngobukhulu obungama-20 cm, kuthambekele kakhulu. Phezu kwesendlalelo esithelwe ukhonkolo olwakhiwe ngesihlabathi, usimende kanye nemfucumfucu.

Isinyathelo 2 - Umhlangano wohlaka oluqinisayo nokufakwa kwamafomu

Ngaphambi kokuthela izitebhisi, amafomu afakwa ngokunemba ngosayizi oboniswe emjovo. Kuyindlela enikeza uhlobo oludingekayo lokwakhiwa. Futhi ukunika amandla, yenza ukuqiniswa okuphoqelekile.

Ukuqala, ibhodi lifakiwe. Ubulukhuni babo ngakolunye uhlangothi lunikeza udonga, futhi ngaphesheya, amabhodi afakiwe. Amabhodi avimbela ukusakazeka kokhonkolo futhi asebenze njengesisekelo sokusebenza kwamafomu okunamathiselwe ngezinyathelo.

Esigabeni esilandelayo, kufakwa ideski, okungukuthi, isisekelo sokhonkolo. Indima yakhe idlala ishidi eliqinile le-plywood noma i-osp. Ubukhulu bayo bungu-18-20 mm. Phansi, idesika lihlelwe ngokusekelwa kokuvimbela ukungcola ngaphansi komthwalo. Ngokuxhasa Sebenzisa imigoqo ngesigaba sesiphambano se-50 × 50 mm noma i-150 st mm.

Ukunikeza amandla amafomu, bamba imithetho eyisisekelo:

• Konke okunamathiselwe kwenziwa kuphela ngezikulufo zokhuni, izipikili azamukeleki.

• Ukuqina namandla wefomu kuyisihluthulelo seqiniso lokuthi ngeke kukhanye ngesikhathi sokugcwaliswa kanye nokwakheka kwesikhathi esizayo kuzoba okulungile.

Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungahlukanisa kanjani izitebhisi endlini: Ukukhetha impahla ebhekene ne- +65 Izithombe

Ngemuva kokulungiselela, izisekelo ziqhubeka ngokuqiniswa. Isetshenziselwe ukuqinisa ukuqiniswa kwe-monolithita ngesigaba sesiphambano se-10-12 mm. Badinga ukuwabopha ngendlela ye-mesh ngosayizi weseli 100 × 120 mm. Isixha senziwe ngocingo oluthambile olukhethekile. Amafreyimu amaningi aqiniswa ama-weldid afakwa, kepha le nqubo inikeza ukwakheka kokuthembela okuncane, ngoba ngaphansi kwemishini yokushiswa kwemithwalo ingaphazamiseka.

Ukuze uthuthukise izinyathelo futhi uvimbele izimbungulu, imiphetho yawo iqhuba ukuqiniswa kwezinto. Esigabeni sokugcina, ngaphambi kokugcwaliswa, kumiswe ama-crossbars asebenza njengefomu lezinqubo zezinyathelo.

Umthetho oyinhloko ngesikhathi sokuqinisa: i-valve kufanele itholakale ukuze imbozwe ngokushesha ngokhonkolo okungenani ama-4 cm.

Kuvidiyo: ama-nuances ohlaka lwezitebhisi zikakhonkolo.

Inombolo yesiteji 3 - izitebhisi ezithulula

Ukugcwalisa ifomuli ngenhlanganisela ekhonkolo ngasikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kulungiswa inani elanele lezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-monolith yesakhiwo ingahlupheka futhi amathuba okuqhekeka avela.

Thela izitebhisi zikakhonkolo ngesisombululo esisesigabeni esingezansi. Ukuhamba kwenziwa emaphethelweni efomu. Ingxube ithululelwa esinyathelweni ngasinye, isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo futhi i-tram ngokuphelele. Ingaphezulu likhishwe yi-trowel.

Ngemuva kokuthi ukhonkolo udala kancane, ezindaweni zokunamathiselwa kwezitimela ngokhonkolo, amasilinda amancane ezinkuni acwilisiwe. Emaphethelweni ezitebhisi, amakona ensimbi acindezelwa ukuvikela ukuvulwa ngokuzayo.

Ngemuva kosuku, ifomu lelo liyadilizwa, futhi ingaphezulu limbozwe nge-cellophane. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukomiswa okufanayo kwe-monolith.

Isigaba No. 4 - Ukuqeda

Umhlobiso wezitebhisi zikakhonkolo egumbini elingaphansi leNdlu kufaka phakathi idivaysi yojantshi kanye nomhlobiso wezinyathelo. Izijabha zingenziwa ngokhuni noma ngensimbi. Yize esegumbini elingaphansi ezimweni eziningi, ukubiyela kungenzeka kungafakwa. Ingaphezulu lezinyathelo kuqala liponjwe kahle. Lapho-ke, ngesicelo sabaqashi, bangadliwa ngamathayili e-ceramic noma bafake izinyathelo zokhuni.

Ukufakwa kwezitebhisi zensimbi

Izitebhisi ezenziwe ngamapayipi wephrofayili yensimbi esitezi esingaphansi komhlaba zingafakwa lula kakhulu kunokhonkolo. Ngesisindo, kulula kakhulu. Kepha i-microclimate engaphansi ingalimaza kabi insimbi, ngakho-ke bavikela ukuvikelwa okugcwele komklamo kusukela ekubonisweni kokugqwala.

Ngedivayisi ye-Metal Staircase egumbini elingaphansi, uzodinga:

• I-Schawler Number 10;
• I-armature;
• Amakhona ensimbi anobukhulu obungu-50 × 50 mm;
• ama-appatus wokufudumala;
• IsiBulgaria;
• amashidi ensimbi;
• izinga lokwakha.

Isinyathelo Cha 1 - Ukulungiselela Isixhamali

Ukulungiselela isisekelo ngaphansi kwesitebhisi sensimbi esitezi esiphansi sesakhiwo sangasese kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili. Zombili ziqala ngelungiselelo lokudangala okungu-1 × 0,4 m kanye nokujula kuka-0.5 m. Ngezansi kwemigodi, kuthululelwa ungqimba lwemfucumfucu. Inqubo eyengeziwe ihlukile.

Esimweni sokuqala, ukhonkolo uyathululelwa, ungafinyeleli emaphethelweni we-Recess Cm 15 cm. Ugcwaliswe ngokugcwele ngemuva kokufaka ukwakheka kuze kube sesisekelo. Esigabeni sesibili, ukhonkolo uthululwa ngokuphelele, kepha imalimboleko inqunyelwe kusengaphambili. Indima yabo idlala ngokufakwa kwesigaba sengxenye ye-12 mm. Ama-Ends kufanele enze ngaphezulu kwezinga eliphansi ngo-25 cm.

Isiteji №2 - Ukufakwa kwezitebhisi

Abathuli bazosebenza njengokwesekwa kwezinyathelo zilungiswe. Zihlelwe ngokudlula phezulu ngama-bolts kude ne-0.9 m kusuka komunye nomunye. Kufakwe ama-Ends abo aphansi ngesisekelo bese kufakwa emalini ebanjiswayo.

Uma udinga ukwakha izitebhisi zensimbi ezinezitezi ezimbili ungene endaweni yokungena emgodini, khona-ke indawo iqoqwe kuqala. Isikwele sifakwe eziteshini ngendlela enjalo yokuthi ama-ephetho avikelayo ahlala ezinhlangothini zonke. Bazonika amandla umsebenzi odongeni lwesitezi esingaphansi.

Isihloko ngesihloko: Ubukhulu obulungile bezitebhisi: qamba umklamo ophephile futhi onethezekile

Ukuthola ama-cosoms agcwele ama-cosoms afakiwe kwangaphambilini, ama-chapels adinga ukuba ngamakhona ensimbi akhiwe. Ukuqinisa okwenziwa ngaphakathi. Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele kube yisithombe esingezansi.

Isigaba No. 3 - Ukuphela kokugcina

Ngemuva kokuthi umklamo uphekwe ngokuphelele, qhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni. Qala ngokugaya kwensimbi. Okokuqala, umthungo we-welding ahlelwe. Amakhosi amaningi enza le mpiki enqubweni yokufudumala. Ngemuva kwalokho ngokunyakaza okukhanyayo okunombuthano wokugaya kusuka ezintweni zensimbi, ukugqwala kuyasuswa. Idizayini ehlanziwe isembozwe ngokuphelele ngokwakheka kwe-primer.

Okulandelayo, qhubekela ekunciphiseni kwezinyathelo. Kulokhu, kungaba ngensimbi yamaqabunga, noma amabhodi ezinkuni. Ezinhlangothini ziyingozi.

Kuvidiyo: Isibonelo sokwenza izitebhisi ezilula zensimbi.

Ukukhiqizwa kwesitebhisi esihlahleni

Ekufakweni kwezitebhisi kusuka ngokhuni egumbini elingaphansi lendlu yangasese, umuntu kufanele avumelane nokuqiniseka okuphelele okuzoba ne-microclimate yomswakama. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umkhiqizo uzohlala. Kepha ngisho nakwizinga elijwayelekile lomswakama, zonke izindlela zokuvikela kufanele zenziwe: Ukufaka phakathi izingxenye zokhuni ngezinto ezingezinyosi nokumboza ngopende noma nge-varnish.

Ngedivayisi yesitebhisi sokhuni, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela:

• imishayo ye-cososov;
• Amabhodi ka-250 × 38 mm;
• ama-anchor bolts;
• Isikulufa sokuzishaya;
• I-Electrovik;
• indiza;
• ukugaya noma i-sandpaper;
• Isikulufu.

Inombolo yesinyathelo 1 - Ukukhiqizwa kanye nokufakwa kweCososov

Ngaphambi kokufaka ama-boosters kufanele alungiswe. Ukusuka ezintweni eziminyene (amabhodi / plywood) usike isigaba sesiteji ngokuya ngomdwebo. Isetshenziswa ohlangothini logongolo futhi yenza uphawu lokuhlelwa kwezinyathelo kulo lonke elaseKosouro.

Usebenzisa i-jigsaw, usike izingxenye ezingeziwe. Ukusikeka kuyaqhubeka nomhleli futhi kuhlanzwa nge-sandpaper. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-koorer emibili efanayo kufanele itholakale.

Ama-Boosters alungiselelwe afakwe ngaphansi komthambeka odingekayo. Ibanga phakathi kwabo kufanele lihambisane nobubanzi be-Design Eqediwe. Imigqa eminingi egcwele ilungiswe yi-anchor bolts. Ingxenye engezansi inamathiselwe esisekelweni ngensimbi yensimbi.

Uma sikhuluma ngezitebhisi zezinsuku ezimbili, indawo ifakwe ngokungeziwe. Lapho-ke ama-boosters afakwa okokuqala ukusuka ekuqedeni esizeni, bese kuthi ukusuka phansi kuya phansi.

Isinyathelo 2 - Ukukhiqizwa kwezinyathelo

Izinyathelo zezitebhisi zokhuni zenza kube lula. Amabhodi anqunywe ezintweni ezilinganayo, azicubungula kuqala ngendiza, bese egaya ngomshini noma ephepheni le-emery. Ngokufanayo, ulungiselela izingxenye ezithe mpo ezingezinyathelo ezithungelwe.

Isigaba No. 3 - Yakha Design

Ngemuva kokuthi ama-boosters afakiwe, izakhi zezinyathelo zilungisiwe, qhubekela emhlanganweni wokwakheka konke. Okokuqala, amabhuleki anamathele ezinhlangothini, futhi afakwe phezu kwazo. Onke ama-fasteners aqhutshwa ngokuzidweba. Umhlangano kufanele wenziwe ngamazinga aguqukayo amazinga.

Esigabeni esilandelayo, ukubiwa kufakwa. Kubo, imigoqo ilungele isigaba sesiphambano esingu-80 × 60 mm. Izikweletu zisikwa 1 m ubude. Zonke zihlanzwa bese zigaya. Unganikeza ukucubungula kwesibalo emshinini wokugaya. Lapho-ke izikhala ziklwebekile ezitebhisini, futhi ngaphezulu kwesandla.

Izibalo zezinombolo noma imigoqo zifakwe kuma-wader olwandle

Ekuphetheni, kufakwa u-railing. Zilungisiwe zisebenzisa izikulufo zokuzishaya. Kulesi sigaba, umhlangano usuqediwe, kusasele ukulayishwa zonke izinto zezitebhisi nopende.

Izitebhisi ezisegumbini elingaphansi lendlu yezwe ukuhlomisa ngezandla zazo kulula. Konke kuncike ekukhetheni kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Into esemqoka ukucubungula kahle isimo, funda izici ze-microclimate egumbini elingaphansi. Ngokuya nalokhu, dweba iziphetho ngokuthi yikuphi design okuzoba yinto efanele kakhulu.

Isitebhisi se-Staircase "Goose" - Isixazululo Esihlanganisiwe (ividiyo engu-2)

Izibonelo zezitebhisi ezingaphansi kanye ne-cellar (izithombe ezingama-40)