Ikotishi liwukuthi, kuvame ukwakheka kosayizi abancane. Kukhona njalo ukuntuleka kwesikhala sedivayisi ye-Staircase egcwele egcwele. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kukhokhelwa ukunakwa okukhethekile. Umsebenzi ukuqinisekisa ukukhuphuka okunethezekile esitezi sesibili bese ugcine endaweni ehlala kuyo. Izinketho ezinjalo zikhona, zihlala zijwayelana nezici zazo.
Embodiments of Stairs
Izitebhisi esitezi sesibili ezweni kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Kuhlukaniswe kucatshangelwa izinto ezahlukahlukene:
- Izici Zokwakha Indawo yokuhlala;
- izinto ezisetshenzisiwe zokwenziwa;
- Amakhono ezezimali wabanikazi bendlu.
Ukukhethwa kohlobo nokucushwa kwezitebhisi kuncike ezimweni ezithile. Okulandelayo, cabanga ngamamodeli athandwayo - kusuka ekilasini lomnotho kuya kwimikhiqizo ebizayo, izinzuzo zawo kanye nobunzima.
Izitebhisi zomnotho
Izinketho zezomnotho eziningi zezitebhisi ezweni ziyizinhlaka zokhuni ze-attic. Ziqukethe imigoqo emibili nezinyathelo-jumpers. I-angle yokuthambekela iyaqina. Uma izitebhisi zakhiwa ngezandla zakho, kepha zithengwa esitolo, kufanelekile ukunaka uhlobo lokugoqa, ikakhulukazi uma idivaysi ihlelelwe ukusebenzisa hhayi kaningi.
Izinzuzo zezakhiwo ze-attic ne-mansard ezingxenyeni zezomnotho zifaka okulandelayo:
- Izinhlaka ezihlangene. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa indawo yedivayisi yabo, ikakhulukazi uma sikhuluma ngomshini wokugoqa. Uma kunesidingo, amaLadida anjalo angagoqwa futhi asuswe, acashe echibini lesibili eliphansi.
- Uhla olukhulu lwamamodeli. Kunamamodeli ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene: Ukugoqwa, i-Telescopic, ukugoqa nokubuyiselwa emuva. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukwazi ukukhetha umsebenzisi ngamunye.
- Kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Idivayisi kulula ukuyinamathisela, igoqwe futhi yenzeka ngaphandle kobunzima obuningi.
Okubi kubandakanya ama-steep amaningi - ezimweni eziningi kuyadingeka ukwehla ezitebhisini ezinjalo.
Izinketho ezithandekayo
Kwandisa izindleko zobunzima bezitebhisi zesakhiwo sabo, izinto ezisetshenzisiwe ezisetshenzisiwe, ikakhulukazi ukuqeda. Ukwenza isibonelo, ukubekeka okwenziwe ngokuthethelela kwasekuqaleni, akugcini ngokunikeza ubuhle besitebhisi, kodwa futhi kuzokhulisa kakhulu inani layo.
Ukufaneleka Ukufaneleka kanye nedivayisi ezibhedlela kungenye yezinketho zesimanje. Intaba yenziwa kuma-bolts okuthiwa. Ziyizikhonkwane ezinde ezinomugqa emaphethelweni. Indawo yezitebhisi ezifundeni kungenzeka kuphela odongeni, ngoba okuhlukile kwezinyathelo akusekelwa.
Enye inketho ye-Premium Class iyisitebhisi sokhuni esenziwe ngokhuni noma ngensimbi enomklamo wokuqala. Umklamo onjalo futhi ubukeka emuhle, futhi athathe okungenani isikhala.
Khetha Design
Ake siphendukele ezinhlakeni eziphakathi nendawo ezivamile phakathi kwabasebenzisi, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, zihlangene, kulula ukuzisebenzisa futhi zilula ukuhlanganisa:
- Okujwayelekile ukuqondisa izitebhisi. Imodeli etholakala njalo isho inketho yesabelomali. Inzuzo ukulula kwensiza, kepha ukushiyeka kungabikwa njengendawo enkulu. Ukugcina isikhala, ukuqina kwezitebhisi kwanda, kepha kuleli cala izinga lokuphepha nenduduzo yokuhamba kanye nezinyathelo zincishiswa kakhulu.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Izinyathelo zezitebhisi: Izindlela zokukhetha nezindlela zokubeka ukhaphethi
- I-Corner and Rotary Stairs. Esebenzayo futhi uthathe indawo encane kakhulu egumbini. Ilungele kahle amakamelo amancane. Kepha ukuchitha isikhathi ekufakweni kuzoba nokuningi.
- Izakhiwo ezi-Screen ezikhethekile. Endleleni yayo, idivaysi iyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho kokusebenza, kunzima impela ukuzakhela ngokwakho - konke kuncike ohlelweni nezinto zokwakha.
Isitebhisi sendlu yezwe siyakhiwe ngokuzimela ngokuzimela kusuka ekuqaleni. Namuhla, izinkampani eziningi zinikeza izakhi ezenziwe ngomumo, ungathenga imininingwane edingekayo futhi uzinakekezele mathupha.
Imisebenzi yokulungiselela
Ngemuva kokuvunywa ngenhloso yokwakha izitebhisi zendlu yezwe ngezandla zazo, ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi wokwakha kufanele zenze uhlelo lokusebenza. Akukona isikhathi esifushane, kepha ekuqaleni kunqunywe ngokwakha nezinto zokwakha, yenza umjikelezo nokwenza izibalo ezinembile.Ukukhetha uhlelo lwe-ladder
Uma i-lateder iqale okokuqala, kungcono ukukhetha izakhiwo ezilula kakhulu ezihlala zingemuva. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isitebhisi esisodwa noma ezimbili ezinezinwele ezinama-cosos. Kuyadingeka ukusebenza isikhathi sokusebenza, amacebo amaphrojekthi aqediwe angeniswa ngezansi. Ungathatha noma yiziphi izinketho njengesibonelo, kuphela lapho uthatha amapharamitha e-Design ngokuya ngezici zegumbi.
Ukukhetha izinto
Uhlu lwezinto zokwakha zokwakhiwa kwezitebhisi endlini yezwe lungahluka. Mayelana nesisekelo, kunezindlela ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu - izinkuni nensimbi. Okokuqala, izakhiwo zokhuni zifanelwe ukunakwa, ngoba le yinketho evame kakhulu.
Izitebhisi zingenziwa zombili zenziwe ngokhuni (uzimele nezinyathelo) futhi ngokwengxenye lapho ukwesekwa kwenziwa ngensimbi, futhi izinyathelo zenziwa ngokhuni.
I-Metal isendaweni yesibili ngesidingo. Ngenxa yamathuluzi we-Welding, ungakha izitebhisi zensimbi zanoma yikuphi ukuxaka kwefomu, ngokwesibonelo, isikulufa. I-Metal iyinto ethembeke kakhulu ekwenziweni kohlaka, impilo yayo yenkonzo iphakeme kakhulu esihlahleni.
Izinketho eziningi ezingandile zezitebhisi zeDacha zikhonkolo nengilazi. Inketho yokuqala ilungele kuphela esimweni sekamelo elikhulu lesikhala (ikotishi noma ama-subsioncecies we-mansion), kepha ingilazi iyinto enzima futhi entekenteke ngokwengeziwe yokwenziwa kwezakhiwo ezinjalo.
Ngokuqeda izakhiwo eziqediwe kanye nokwenziwa kwezitezi zesikhashana, ezingokwesikhashana ezweni, kuvame ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlala isikhathi eside, njenge-chipboard, i-OSB, FC, njalonjalo.
Kunconywe ama-limber parameter
Ngenxa yesitebhisi sokhuni, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amabhodi anobukhulu obungu-20 mm nemigoqo ngesigaba esingu-100 × 100 mm. Okwama-racks, avusene nothango, kulula ukukhetha okuqukethwe. Isibonelo, isigaba sesiphambano esingu-50 × 50 mm singacutshungulwa ngokubona kwaso - mane nje siyindilinga noma senze i-chamchair.
Ukubalwa kwamapharamitha wezitebhisi
Izibalo zenziwa ngecala ngalinye ngokwahlukana. Kunezici eziningana ezibhekwa:- Indawo yegumbi lapho izitebhisi zizofakwa kuzo;
- ukwakheka, izici zangaphakathi;
- Ukubekwa okuhleliwe kwefenisha nenani.
Ibanga le-Overlap - Marsh
Ibanga phakathi kokugcwala futhi imashi libalwa ngokususelwa ekukhuleni komuntu ozosebenzisa umklamo, kanye nesitoko esincane. Kulandela lokhu ukuthi kusuka kunoma yisiphi isigaba kuya ophahleni kufanele kube yibanga okungenani ngo-190-200 cm. Endaweni lapho ukuphakama khona lapho kuncane khona, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka isikhala samahhala.
Inkulu kangakanani ivulekile, inqunywa yi-angle yokuthambekela kwezitebhisi nenani lezinyathelo.
Imitheyana
Ukunyakaza okunethezekile kuncike ekuhlelweni okufanele kwezinyathelo. Ubukhulu nokubumbana kwabo kubalulekile. Ekuphakameni kwamapharamitha, izinyathelo zingama-16-19 cm. Ngezindlu ezigcwele ngosayizi ogcwele, zingakha. Kepha, ngezitebhisi ekotishi, lokhu kuphakama kufanelekile.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ukufakwa kwezitebhisi kuma-cossosters: amasu nokubala [amanani anconyiwe]
Ububanzi ngokuya ngamazinga kufanele buhambisane nosayizi womlenze womuntu. Izinyathelo zokwakhiwa kwe-Intanethi yezwe zifakwe nge-20-30 cm ububanzi. Ubukhulu be-sticky buyehluka ngamazinga amukelwe ngokuvamile. Akufakwa ngaphandle ukulengiswa phansi izinyathelo enye ngaphezulu kwenye nge-3 cm.
Uma kukhona izinyathelo ze-groin, ubukhulu bawo yile:
- Engxenyeni emincane kakhulu yobubanzi obungu-10 cm;
- Maphakathi - 20 cm;
- Ebanzi - kusuka ku-35 kuye ku-40 cm.
Ukubalwa kwamafomula jikelele
Izibalo zenziwa ngokuya ngefomula ekhethekile 2A + B, lapho ukujula kwesigaba, b ukuphakama kwengozi. Kumanani a (elobukhali ekujuleni) kusuka ku-150 kuye ku-180 mm no-b (ububanzi besiteji) kusuka ku-280 kuye ku-300 mm, umphumela usezingeni eliphakathi kusuka ku-580 kuya ku-660 mm. Uma ubukhulu besiteji bungaphansi kwama-145 mm, khona-ke inani libalwa yile formula: A + B.
Ubude be-marsh
Ukunquma ubude bemashi, okokuqala kwawo wonke ukugxila ku-stepness of the design. Njengoba kunikezwe izici zezakhiwo zezwe, i-angle yokuthambekela imvamisa ingaphakathi kwama-30-45 degrees. Inani elincane le-steapnic akunakwenzeka ukuhlomisa ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane bamakhaya ezwe. Lokhu kuzokwenzeka kuphela uma uhlelo lokuqamba luguquliwe.
Ngokuqondile ubude bemashi bubalwa kusetshenziswa imithetho yejometri, ngokunembile, i-Pythagora theorem. Ubude beMarsh - Ihambelana ne-hypotenuse. Ukuqagela kwezitebhisi phansi nasodongeni kungamasiko.
Ukwenza lula ukubala, uhlelo lususelwa ku. Amaphuzu asemqoka aqokwa ngamapharamitha ahambisanayo, ngemuva kokukhiqizwa kwezibalo.
Amachashazi adinga ukuthola kahle. Azihambelani nobukhulu begumbi, ngoba kuyadingeka ukwenza ama-nend athile avela ezindongeni. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa ukuphakama okunembile kwekamelo ukuthola ubude bemashi nebanga eligcwele kusuka odongeni kuya odongeni - kushiyelwe indinyana.
Ububanzi bezitebhisi
Ububanzi bezitebhisi bungahluka futhi. Kuyahlukahluka ngaphakathi kwama-90-150 cm. Ububanzi obuncane besitebhisi ngezinyathelo ezisebenzayo bungama-80 cm. I-condimis enesimo ikakhulukazi inhloso yokwenza i-design compact. ECottage, akunakwenzeka ukuthi usebenzise izitebhisi ngasikhathi sinye ngabasebenzisi ababili. Ngamanye amagama, kufanelekile ukubala ububanzi ngokubala umuntu ngamunye.
Inani lezinyathelo
Ukubala inani lezinyathelo, imininingwane elandelayo izodingeka: Ubude NoMashi nosayizi. Ukwehlukanisa la magugu, thola inombolo esho inani lezinyathelo. Imvamisa kuvela hhayi ngokuphelele, bese kuyindilinga. Inombolo idinga ukungezwa kokukhulu kunakho konke, kulokhu kufanele ushintshe ukuphakama kwengozi. Ukuphakama kwesiteji kuguqulwe kusuka kokungaphezulu.
Uma kwenzeka inani lezinyathelo ezimake izingcezu ezingaphezu kwezingu-18, ikakhulukazi ukwenza amasayithi aphakathi.
Kuvidiyo: Ungabala kanjani izitebhisi (izinyathelo nezikhala).
Izici zeMontage
Ngemuva kwayo yonke izibalo, ungaqala ukufakwa kwesakhiwo. Ngokuyinhloko, kulula, uma kukhona okungenani amakhono amancane kakhulu kulokhu. Kulula ukusebenza ngesihlahla. Ekuqaleni igcina amathuluzi adingekayo, bese ulandela uhlelo.Ukufakwa kweKosoud
Uma izitebhisi zihlelelwe ukufakwa odongeni, khona-ke i-kosur eyodwa inamathele kuyo, phambi kwayo (okufanayo) - ibanga phakathi kwabo lihambelana nobubanzi obuhlosiwe bemashi wezitebhisi. Uma kwenzeka umklamo onethuba nejika yakhelwe kusengaphambili, iKosor eyedlulele yokwengeza ukusekelwa okuncane kokujikeleza. Kusekwesekweni okuzohlanganiswa ngokuqhutshwa kwezinyathelo.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Izici ezakhayo zesitebhisi "Goose Isinyathelo" nokukhiqizwa kwesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Kepha okokuqala kuyadingeka ukwenza ama-boosters ngokwawo uqobo. Kumabhodi alungiselelwe udinga ukumaka. Kulokhu udinga ikhithi yokwakha. Lapho umaka, elinye lamaKatheti kufanele lihambisane nokuphakama kwesiteji, kanti okwesibili ukujula kwalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho umaki, ingxenye engadingekile isenjwa nge-electrolybiz. Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi ngemuva kokubona, ama-booster atholakele kumele acutshungulwe ngokucophelela - akufanele kube khona okungahambi kahle.
Ama-Beams aqediwe afakiwe endaweni yawo, emaphethelweni aphezulu, isakhiwo kufanele siguquke ngezinga lesitezi sokuqala sephansi lesibili, futhi phansi - eduze kwesembozo esiphansi. Amakona ensimbi asetshenziselwa ukuqinisa ama-cosomes - izimbobo zilungiselelwe kusengaphambili futhi zifakwe yi-bolts. I-KOSUR, efakwe odongeni, inamathiselwe kwi-anchor ye-dowel noma yensimbi.
Ukufakwa kwezinyathelo
Izinyathelo kufanele zinamathiselwe kuma-kosomers afakwe kusengaphambili. Ama-fasteners okufaka esiteji awakwazi ukuba izipikili. Kunamaqiniso ambalwa abhekene nawo:
- Awukwazi ukubathola njalo ngokuqondile. Ezimweni eziningi, kuzoba khona i-skew, futhi izipikili zidlula ngaphesheya kwesibindi ngamaphethelo abo.
- Izinkuni izinto ezingenakuphikwa zemiphumela emishini. Futhi emcimbini wokuthi izinkuni zincibilikisiwe, khona-ke ukubonakala kokuqhekeka.
Kungcono ukufeza ukuqina usebenzisa izikulufa zokhuni noma izikulufa. Bayakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngekhwalithi yokufaka enobuhle.
Ukufakwa kwezitimela nama-racks (Balasin)
Ukufakwa kocingo ezitebhisini ngesimo se-railing kanye ne-baluster kuncike ngokuphelele ekukhetheni umgcini. Abakwazi ukufakwa nhlobo, kepha ngeke kwenzeke ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokunyakaza ezitebhisini. Umklamo wazo kungenzeka ukuthi wehlukile, ngokufanayo, njengezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ngoba izitimela zifanela izinkuni ezihle kakhulu. Izinketho eziningi zivezwa esithombeni esingezansi.
Ukuphakama okuphelele kwezitimela ngokuya ngamazinga ahambelana nama-90 cm. Ama-rack atholakala ngokuhlobene nebanga, okuphephile lapho kudlalwa khona uthango. Indima ebalulekile kudlalwa. Isitebhisi, njenganoma iyiphi enye into yokuklama, kufanele kube umhlobiso wendlu.
Inqubo yokufaka izitimela ezitebhisini kulula. Ukufakwa kocingo, kusetshenziswa izimpi zokhuni ezimbobeni ezinyaweni. Ama-Balasins ahlelwe othulini (ekuqaleni, izimbobo ezihambisanayo kudingeka zenziwe).
Isigaba sokugcina ukubekwa kwezandla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ingxenye engenhla yeBluster kufanele inqunywe yi-oblique. I-handrail isetshenziswa ngaphezulu kanye nokulungiswa ngosizo lokuzenzela njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni esingezansi.
Isimo esiyinhloko sezikhungo zezwe lezwe ukuphepha nenduduzo. Zonke izimpendulo ezidingekayo zemibuzo ngamalungiselelo alo zivezwa ku-athikili. Izibonelo zifaka amamodeli wezitebhisi esithombeni, ezethulwe ngezansi, ungakhetha noma iyiphi inguqulo efana ne-ady futhi wakhe umklamo ngokuya ngokuhlelwa kwendlu yakho.
Ukufakwa kwezitebhisi zokhuni ku-kosomra (1 video)
Amamodeli afanele amatende amakamelo (izithombe ezingama-80)
