I-Apartment Lighting Scheme: I-Wirout Wiring DIY

Kuze kube manje, ukuvuselelwa kabusha efulethini akulona okungajwayelekile. Kepha noma ngabe kungaphakathi okukhethiwe, ngaphandle kokukhanyisa okuhle, ngeke kukhiqize umbono owufunayo. Uma sinaka ukuthi ukuba khona kwemishini kagesi emafulethini kukhule kakhulu, i-wiring yakudala ayibekezeleli umthwalo. Ukuze uzuze ukuqina nokuphepha kudinga uhlelo olufanele lokukhanyisa lwefulethi. Awudingi ukumenyelwa kochwepheshe. Uma kunesifiso, ukushintshwa kwe-wiring yakudala kungenziwa ngokuzimela.

Ukukhanyisa okufanele efulethini

Ngokusatshalaliswa okulungile kokukhanya, bahlela futhi bacabanga ngokukhanyisa kwezindlu. Akufanele ihambisane ne-Insior Design, futhi isanikeza abahlali ngokulula nenduduzo.

Ungayenza kanjani

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokukhanyisa: uhlobo lwendawo nojwayelekile. Ngokusho kwamagama, kuyacaca ukuthi okujwayelekile kusetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa lonke igumbi, kanye nendawo - kuphela endaweni ethile. Uma sikhuluma ngokwengeziwe ngokukhanyisa kwasendaweni, kuhlukaniswa ukuze kusebenze futhi kukhombe. Ngakho-ke, ukukhanyiswa kohlobo olusebenzayo kuhlinzekelwe ukukhanyisa indawo yokusebenza: Itafula lokudlela ekhishini, indawo ehhovisi nokunye. Ukukhanyisela iphuzu kugcizelela imininingwane: Imidwebo yokukhanyisa, izibuko, izinto zokuhlobisa.

Ukuhlela ukuhlelwa kokukhanya, kufanele ucabange ngokuphelele ngalokho ofuna ukukufeza njengomphumela. Gxila hhayi ukuhambisana nengaphakathi kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuncamelayo kwabanikazi babanikazi.

Udinga ini

Ukuze uthuthukise ukukhanyisa okulungile, kuyadingeka ukukhumbula la maqiniso alandelayo:

• Egumbini ngalinye, ukukhanya kufanele kuhlinzekwe ngawodwana. Uma ukukhanya okukhanyayo kulungele igumbi lokuhlala, khona-ke igumbi lokulala lidinga ukuhlinzeka nge-flux ethambile.

• Ukuhlelwa kwamalambu neminye imithombo yokukhanya kususelwa endaweni yezindawo ezisebenzayo ezidinga ukukhanyisa.

• Ukuba khona okulungile kwamandla nenombolo yamadivayisi okukhanyisa kuzokuvumela ukuthi udale ukulungiswa okunethezekile.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunquma ngokunembile indawo yamalambu.

Uhlelo lokukhanyisa

Uma usondela ekuhlinzekweni kokukhanya efulethini kuyo yonke imithetho, ekuqaleni kwakhiwa. Isikimu sokukhanyisa efulethini sisuselwa ekwakhiweni kwendlu uqobo kanye ngqo namakamelo, isimo sophahla, izinto zokuqeda, ukubekwa kwefenisha. Ngemuva kokuhlola zonke izinto ekudwebeni kohlelo lwecebo, udinga ukukhetha ukubekwa kwamathuluzi okukhanya, kanye nokushintshwa kanye nezinyawo.

Ukubalwa kokukhanyisa (amazinga kanye nenombolo yamalambu)

Ukuqinisekisa ukwakheka okunekhono kokukhanya, kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi yimaphi amandla azobe akhona ngokuhlala okuthile. Ukusuka lapha, inkomba enjalo ibalwa njengenombolo yemithombo yokukhanya namalambu we-incandescent alungele indawo ethile. Mayelana nayo yonke imithetho, amandla okukhanya asatshalaliswa ngale ndlela elandelayo: njalo nge-5 m2 kukhanyisela isibani esinomthamo we-60-65 kW. Ngokusekelwe kulezi zinkomba, ngeke kube nzima ukubala kahle inani lama-light bulbs adingekayo egumbini elithile.

Cabanga ngesibonelo, mangaki amalambu adinga ukumbozwa ngegumbi lokuhlala elinendawo eyi-15 m2. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa izibani zezinhlobo ezahlukene.

Uhlelo lokuxhuma

Ngemuva kwenombolo yamadivayisi ukuqinisekisa ukukhanya, qhubekela ekwakhekeni kohlelo lokukhanyisa efulethini. Ibonisa indawo yamaLambu noma amaqembu okukhanyisa, kanye nezinto ezisebenzela ukuvula nemithombo yokukhanya.

Uhlobo lokushintshwa olusetshenzisiwe kufanele futhi luphawulwe. Isibonelo, ungabeka umbala noma i-twin-vector. Kwesinye isikhathi, uma igumbi linendawo enkulu, sebenzisa ukushintshwa okuphindwe kabili kokukhanya. Zenzelwe ukulawula idivaysi efanayo yokukhanyisa, kepha ibekwe ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zekamelo.

Isibonelo Uhlelo lokukhanyisa ngokushintshwa okuphindwe kabili

Umdwebo wesifunda futhi uphawula uhlobo lokukhanyisa - uphahla noma udonga lubekwe. Kufanele kuqashelwe ohlelweni, olawula iphuzu lokukhanyisa lihlobene nento elawulwayo.

Isihloko ngesihloko: Ukukhanyisa Igumbi Lezingane: Amathiphu Enhlangano

Isikimu sesibonelo

Ake sinikeze isibonelo sohlelo lokuhlinzeka ngendlu egumbini elilodwa nendawo ecishe ibe ngu-40 m2. Ngokuhambisana nemigomo, awekho amalambu angaphezu kuka-8.

Amadivayisi wokukhanyisa efulethini elinegumbi elilodwa angenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• 3 iphuzu le-luminaires ophahleni;
• I-chandelier eyodwa;
• ama-sconces amabili;
• isibani esisodwa;
• Isibani sokukhanyisa itafula elibhaliwe.

Isikimu sokukhanyisa efulethini elinamakamelo elilodwa

Ukufakwa kokukhanya efulethini elinendawo efanayo, kepha okubandakanya amakamelo amabili, kunikezwa yi:

• ama-chandeliers amabili;
• 3-4 uphahla luminaires;
• isibani sedeski;
• I-sconcer emibili nesibani.

Ukukhanyisa Ukubekwa

Ukukhanyisa kufanele kwenziwe ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemithombo yokukhanya:

• I-Point Luminaires ifakwe emgodini omisiwe noma welule ophahleni.

• Ama-chandelier ajwayelekile abekwe ngezindlela ezimbili: khweza igwegwe endaweni yophahla noma ngosizo lwama-dowels.

Kusetshenziswa izibani zodonga, izibani zetafula lokukhanya kwendawo ethile. Amateyipu we-LED athole ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi ukuhlinzeka nge-backlight eyengeziwe. Kuya ngokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamadivayisi wokukhanyisa azosetshenziswa, kukhethwe uhlelo lwe-wiring.

Ku-Video: Izimiso zokuklama ukukhanyisa efulethini.

I-Wiring Electrical Wiring ngezandla zakho: kusuka kuhlelo ngaphambi kokufakwa

Ukuqaliswa kwe-gasket kagesi endlini kunesibopho impela. Ngaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho namakhono athile, akwenzi. Into esemqoka ukwazi izici ezifanele ze-wiring, funda futhi udale amasu, unamakhono enjini kagesi. Kepha konke lokhu kungahlelwa futhi kwenze i-gasket ngokwakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hambisa izincomo zazo zonke izici.

Imithetho eyisisekelo

Yonke imithetho okufanele ibonwe lapho i-wiring wiring, njengoba nezinye izinhlobo zomsebenzi wokwakha, imbozwe ngejubane eliphansi kanye ne-gost. I-wiring ethembekile idinga ukubhekisa ku- "Imithetho yedivayisi yokufaka kagesi (PUE)". Ukuqalwa nge-wiring, lesi sigaba siyafundwa empeleni.

Sizohlinzeka ngohlu oluphambili lokuhlela imithetho efulethini:

• Beka izakhi eziphambili, njenge-counter, izisekelo, ukushintshwa, izibhamu zomshini, njll., Udinga izindawo ezifinyeleleka kalula.

• Amapharamitha wokushintsha wokushintsha ahlukahluka kusuka ku-0,6 kuya ku-1.5 m kusuka ezingeni eliphansi. Indawo kufanele ibe sendaweni efinyeleleka kalula emnyango emnyango wegumbi. Izintambo kufanele zibekwe, ziqale phezulu.

• Izilungiselelo zezilungiselelo zingu-0.5-0.8 m kusuka ezingeni eliphansi. Kungenxa yokuvimbela ukuvalwa lapho kukhukhula efulethini. Akunakwenzeka ukubeka izindawo ezitolo eduze negesi ne-Electric Stove, kanye naseceleni kwezinto ezisekelwe. Ibanga lakho kufanele okungenani libe ngu-0.5 m.

• NgokweZinga, inani lezitolo lihlelwa ngokusho kwe-1 ucezu ngo-6 m2. Ngaphezu kwenani labo kuvunyelwe ekhishini, njengoba kudingeka ekuxhumaniseni izinto zikagesi. Endlini yokugezela, izisekelo azifakwanga, futhi indlu yokugezela kungcono ukunikeza i-transformer ehlukile.

• Ukubeka izintambo kuphela kulayini ovundlile nomugqa oqondile, okuphawuleka ngempela ohlelweni.

• Lapho ubeka, kuyadingeka ukubheka indawo yamapayipi, ngaphezulu nezinye izithiyo. Endabeni yokuziphatha okuvundlile kwezintambo, ibanga kufanele kube cishe ngo-10 cm, futhi mpo - 15 cm.

• Kumele abhekwe ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi izintambo azithathi ngxhumana nezinto zensimbi.

• Lapho ubeka izintambo eziningi, ibanga phakathi kwazo alikho ngaphansi kuka-3 mm. Kuyinto efiselekayo futhi ukuhlukanisa i-wiring ekulungisweni okukhethekile.

• Amabhokisi akhethekile kufanele asetshenziselwe i-wiring. Ukuxhumana kuhlukaniswe ngokucophelela. Ochwepheshe banqabela ngokwesigaba ukuxhumana kwe-aluminium kanye nezintambo zethusi.

Uhlelo lwe-project kanye ne-wiring

Njenganoma yimuphi umsebenzi, ukubekwa kwe-wiring kagesi kuqala ngokuklama nokwabiwa kwamasekethe. Ngokudalwa kwazo, abathingo bahilelekile, okuthi eMoscow kuningi kakhulu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuphepha efulethini kuncike kubo, nasendlini yonke. Le nsizakalo ifanele imali ethile, kepha ukuphepha nokuzola kungaphezu kwakho konke.

Uma kunqunywe ukuthi kwenziwe umsebenzi ngokuzimela, futhi kunolwazi lokuqala emkhakheni kagesi, khona-ke kufanele kulandelwe yonke imithetho echaziwe engenhla. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imithwalo ekhanyayo ibalwa kahle.

Ukudweba iphrojekthi nezinhlelo, kuyadingeka ukuqala ngokuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu. Ukuhlobisa kubo kuboniswa esithombeni.

Le phrojekthi iqala ngokwakha uhlelo lwamafulethi, oluphawula wonke amaphuzu okukhanyisa, indawo yokushintshana nezisekelo. Okulandelayo, unikezwe yonke imithetho, imigqa yamaphara abaqhubi iyadonswa. Ukuze uhlelo lwe-wiring lusebenze, indawo yezinsimbi zicatshangelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Isihloko ngesihloko: Izinhlobo zokukhanyisa uphahla lwezinkomba nemibono yamakamelo ahlukene | +80

Esigabeni esilandelayo sokuhlanganiswa komjikelezo, i-liner icatshangelwa iphuzu lokuxhuma. Lomzuzu udinga ukucatshangelwa okuningiliziwe. Kwenziwe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuxhumana: Ukufana, ngokulandelana noma okuxubile. Indlela yokugcina iyona ezomnotho kakhulu ngokuya ngokusebenzisa izinto zokwakha nokusebenza.

Ukwenza lula inqubo yokuxhumanisa, iphukile ibe amaqembu:

• Ukukhanyisa Ukuhlelwa ekhishini, ephaseji nasemakamelweni okuhlala;
• Ukuqinisekisa ukukhanyiselwa kwendlu yokugezela kanye negumbi lokugezela;
• amasokisi edivayisi endaweni yokuhlala;
• Ukunikezwa kwamandla ekhishini;
• Amasokisi edivayisi esitofu sikagesi.

Lesi ngesinye sezibonelo zeqembu le-wiring scheme. Umongo ulele eqinisweni lokuthi amaqembu acatshangelwa ngokucophelela, okuzothonya ngokwengeziwe kuzoba izindleko zezinto zokwakha, futhi kulula ukudweba uhlelo. Imaski nobukhulu befulethi. Ekwakhiweni kwegumbi elilodwa kwenziwa ngandlela thile, futhi egumbini elinendawo enkulu - ngokungezwa kwezinto.

Iphuzu elibalulekile elilandelayo ukubalwa komthwalo. Kuyakhonjiswa kuphrojekthi. Izibalo zenziwa ngokuya ngefomula I = P / U. Isebenzisa amanani we-P - isamba samandla awo wonke amadivaysi ahlelelwe ukusetshenziswa, uyisikhombisi se-voltage kunethiwekhi.

Isibonelo sokubalwa kwamandla kagesi: I-Electric Kettle - 2.2 KW, ukukhanyisa ngama-10 ama-bulbs anomthamo we-100 w, ama-afriji amandla kanye nama-microwaves ngenani le-1.4 W. Emafutyelani, amandla okukhona njengamanje yizona ngokwesiko angama-220 volts. Ngemuva kokubala, kuyatholakala: (2200 + 1000 + 1400): 220 = 20.1 A.

Kukhona imicabango emincane. Ungangeza kancane umthwalo oyifunayo. Kepha, ngokwezinga, kuyadingeka ukuvikela ukwedlula 25 A. Ubelwe umthwalo, uqale ukuthenga izinto ezidingekayo ngokuya ngomphumela. Ukwenza lula ukukhethwa, ithebula elingezansi libonisa amapharamitha ayisisekelo nemingcele yekhebula.

Ukufakwa kwe-wiring

Umsebenzi okhulayo awunzima kangako, njengoba kubonakala. Lapha kwasekuqaleni kungukuphepha. Ngaphambi kokuqala, amathuluzi alandelayo ayalungiswa:

• ithuluzi lokuhlola;
• i-turbine noma i-drill nge-perforator;
• isikulufa;
• pliers.

Kubalulekile! Ngokufaka i-wiring entsha, ekuqaleni ukudiliza okudala. Kulokhu, udinga ukusebenzisa idivaysi yokuhlola i-voltage.

Ukudweba imidwebo nokulungiswa kweziteshi

Wonke umsebenzi uqala ngokudluliswa komdwebo ngqo ezindongeni. Lungiselela indawo ngokuya nge-algorithm elandelayo:

1. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, uhlelo luphawula umaka okuthunyelwe okudingekayo kokudlula. Bese ubeka uphawu izingosi zokufaka zezakhi: izisekelo, izihlangu, ezenzakalelayo nokunye. Konke kubekwe ngokuya ngecebo.

2. Drill nge-nozzle yomqhele ezindaweni zezikhathi zezinyawo kanye nokushintshwa kwenziwe izimbobo zamabhokisi.

3. Kusetshenziswa i-perforator, izicathulo zenziwa. Ukuze lokhu ungasebenzisa i-turbine. I-Strob kumele ibe ngamasayizi achazwe ukuze ucingo lubekwe kalula.

Ngemuva kokuba ingaphezulu selilungile, izintambo zilukhuni ngaphakathi kwesikhala esivela ohlangothini lwegumbi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza umgodi odongeni. Kungcono uma itholakala ekhoneni lekamelo.

Ukufaka i-wiring yohlobo oluvulekile

Esigabeni sokuqala, kufakwa isihlangu endaweni ephakeme. Ngqo esihlangu yi-UZO. Ngobuningi, bazimisele ngokuya ngamaqembu okukhanyisa. Ngokwakheka kwalo, isihlangu simi kanjena: phezulu esitezi sibekwe ama-terminals ezintambo zero, ezansi phansi ezisekelweni. Kukhona i-automata phakathi kwabo.

Ukuxhumeka kudivayisi yesihlangu kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka luhlala ku-zero-terminal, mhlophe kwi-UZO engxenyeni yayo engenhla, izintambo eziphuzi eziya emaphethelweni aphuzi. Ukuxhumana okuzenzakalelayo kwenziwa ngokufana.

Ngohlobo oluvulekile lokufaka, okokuqala bopha emigqeni yebhokisi elibekiwe. Intaba yenziwa nge-dowel ngokuzikhandla. Ukweqisa kuvaliwe ebangeni elingaba ngu-5-7 cm, bese ubamba isinyathelo 0.5 m.

Kubalulekile! Lapho ubeka i-wiring yohlobo oluvulekile, asikho isidingo sokulungiselela izimbobo zezitolo nokushintshwa. Isebenzisa imikhiqizo elengiswe endizeni yodonga.

Yonke imishini emibi emigqeni emakwe ibekwe ebhokisini futhi yenziwa ngamabhokisi okusabalalisa. Ngqo kubo axhunyiwe. Ungakwenza lokhu ngokusonteka okuqinile, ngemuva kwalokho izintambo zidinga ukucophelela.

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Kufakwa kuhlobo olufihliwe lwe-wiring

I-wiring efihliwe ifakwe lula kancane ngevolumu yomsebenzi. Ngokusho komgomo we-compound, ehlukile ngohlobo oluvulekile kuphela ngeqiniso lokuthi libekwe ngaphakathi kwezindonga, ku-pre-stroke elungiselelwe. Ngaphambi kokubeka izintambo ekuhlathini, faka amabhokisi okushintshwa nezinyawo. Zilungisiwe kusetshenziswa u-Alebaster. Lapho impahla iqandisiwe, ipayipi kagesi liyazalanisa kuzo futhi ngokwecebo ekuhlathini, kwenziwa emabhokisini okuhambisa.

Ngemuva kwazo zonke izinyawo nokushintshwa kufakiwe, amadivaysi okukhanyisa axhunyiwe, ukuxhumeka kocingo kwenziwa emabhokisini, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukuxhumana kahle. Ukuvimbela iphutha, "kubizwa ngokuthi amakhompiyutha abizwa ngensimbi ekhethekile kagesi.

Ku-Video: Imithetho e-10 ye-Wiring ephezulu.

Yiluphi ucingo ongalusebenzisa

Izintambo zokuhlinzeka ngogesi efulethini zidinga ukukhetha ngokuya ngezinqubo ezithile. Kungcono ukungaguquli lutho ngokubona kwakho, ngoba ukusebenza okuphephile kohlelo kuncike kulokhu.

Izinto ezibonakalayo nokwakha

Izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezintambo zikhona izinhlobo ezimbili: i-aluminium nethusi. I-Aluminium ayibizi, kepha ithusi lithembeke kakhulu futhi liyakwazi ukunikeza ukusebenza kwekhwalithi ephezulu.

Ngokuya ngesakhiwo sayo, izintambo zihlukaniswe zaba yindawo eyodwa nama-resardentilio. Esimweni sokuqala, okuqukethwe kuvalwe ngegobolondo lokuzehlukanisa. Izici zabaqhubi abangashadile zibandakanya: eshibhile, elula yokufaka, zibe nezinga eliphakeme lokuqina. Impahla yokugcina iholela ekuqhekekeni njalo komqhubi.

Amakhosi ancamela ukusebenza ngezintambo eziningi. Banokumelana okuhle kokusonteka, ukugoba. Uma uhlelo luthatha ithuba elijikijele, khona-ke ungaqiniseka ukuthi umqhubi wesifundo ngeke aphule.

I-Cable Cross-Isigaba Sokuzimbanisa efulethini

Ingxenye yesiphambano yekhebula ingesinye sezimpawu ezibalulekile. Kusuka kwinkomba yawo ngqo kuncike ekutheni umqhubi wesifundo uzomelana namandla athile ahlinzekelwe. Kulinganiswa kumamilimitha ayisikwele. Ngakho-ke, ku-Aluminium Conductor, isigaba sesiphambano sethambo 1 MM2 simelana neVoltage 8 A. Kappa nemikhiqizo ye-1 MM2 yeqa 10 A.

Ukukhethwa kwezingxenye zabaqhubi kufanele kulayishwe. Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa izintambo zesigaba esiphambano kungaphansi komthwalo ohlosiwe.

Ubukhulu besisekelo sedwa

Noma yimuphi umqhubi wesifundo uhlukaniswe. Kusetshenziswa izinto zepulasitiki ukuqinisekisa. Ubukhulu besendlalelo sokuhlanza indawo yokuhlala bunqunywa yizinto zamadokhumenti alawulayo. Isibonelo, kumqhubi wesifundo, wenzelwe umthwalo we-660 v, ngesigaba esisezingeni eliphansi esingu-1.5-2,5 mm2, ubukhulu bokufakwa bunikezwe nge-0.6 mm.

Ukuqina kwegobolondo

Umzuzu olandelayo wokunaka yi-Sheath yekhebula yangaphandle. Nguye ovala umqhubi we-ambalwa waphila. Ngokufanayo, kusetshenziselwa izinto zepulasitiki zokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, kepha ubukhulu bawo bukhulu kakhulu. Ngokuyisisekelo ngu-1.4-1.8 mm. Ukuba neqiniso lokuthi kunokuphambuka okuvumelekile.

Ukumaka

Kunoma iyiphi ikhebula kunezimpawu ezibizwa ngokuthi ukumaka. Ikuvumela ukuthi ufunde kangcono imininingwane yomkhiqizo:

• Incwadi yokuqala ikhomba okuqukethwe yi-Outer Shell of the Fork.

• Lezi zinhlamvu ezilandelayo zingaqoka lezakhiwo ezinjengezinga lokuqina, ukuvutha kwesendlalelo sokufakwa, ukuba khona kompompi wensimbi ngokwahlukana, endizeni noma ukuguquguquka.

• Okuqukethwe okwenziwe yilowo umqhubi wesifundo kubhalwe kuphela kumakhekhe we-aluminium wencwadi ethi "A". Emikhiqizweni yethusi, incwadi yezinto ezibonakalayo ayicaciswanga.

• Ngokwengeziwe, ungafunda imininingwane mayelana nomenzi kanye nosuku lokukhiqiza.

Umbala Wezindlu

Umnyombo wokufakelwa ungaba nombala we-monophonic, futhi kwesinye isikhathi, ukufaka umucu onobukhulu obukhulu be-1 mm kulo lonke ubude bomkhiqizo.

Umbala wokuhlukaniswa kwesisekelo uveze inhloso yomqhubi:

• Okokuqala - isigaba, kubomvu, nsundu nokumhlophe ukwehlukaniswa;
• Okwesibili - zero, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• Okwesithathu kunesisekelo, kuluhlaza noma okuluhlaza okotshani.

Inqubo yokuhlela ukukhanyisa endlini inesibopho. Kepha uma umgomo utholakala ngazo zonke izincwadi nemithetho, kuzoholela kumphumela omuhle kakhulu. Ukukhanya okulungile ngaphakathi kukhulisa umphumela amahlandla amaningi. Ukuvela kwabathengi kulinganiselwa kumazwana atholakala kwi-Intanethi.

Ungazikhetha Kanjani Izintambo Nezindlu (Ividiyo eyi-1)

Izinhlelo ezihlukile zokukhanyisa nezibonelo zamaphrojekthi owenziwe ngomumo (izithombe ezingama-55)