Ngendlu yezwe eshisayo, ungasondeli ngengezo elingcono kunegaraji elihle lezinkuni. Ingagcina noma yiziphi izinto ezinobukhulu obukhulu, ukuzibandakanya emsebenzini wokulungisa indlu, futhi, faka imoto lapho. Futhi uma ucabanga ukuthi lesi sakhiwo sizohamba kuwe ngepeni, khona-ke unephutha kakhulu, ngoba uma kunamakhono athile, kanye nemiyalo enemininingwane, ukwakhiwa kwezinkuni kungenzeka ukuthi kwakhiwe ngokwawo. Kepha ngaphambi kokuba usebenze, kufanelekile ukutadisha konke "ngoba" ngokumelene "nokwakhiwa kwegalaji lokhuni ezandleni zalo.
Izinzuzo nokubi kwegaraji lezinkuni
Uhlu lwezinzuzo zokwakhiwa kwegaraji lazo esihlahleni luhlaba umxhwele kakhulu. Izinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zibukeka kanjena:
- Okokuqala, ukonga imali. Uma ukwazile ukuthola impahla yesabelomali futhi wakhe igalaji lokhuni ngezandla zakho ngaphandle kokuheha abasebenzi - ukwakheka kuzokubiza kakhulu. Futhi, ezezimali zisiza ukunciphisa ukubekwa kwesisekelo esilula, esingasindi. Futhi uma ungadingi ukuhlehlisa imali - kusho ukuthi ukwakhiwa kuzodlula ngaphandle kokuthunyelwe okungadingekile ", ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
- Umuthi omuhle kakhulu wokushisa we-insulator uqobo, lapho ulandela khona ngisho noma ngaphandle kwemicimbi eyengeziwe yokufudumeza ngaphakathi egalaji lakho kuzohlala kushisa ngokunethezeka. Hhayi-ke, uma sibona izindonga zoboya bezimbiwa noma efaka amapuleti - kuzokhishwa ngokwakha ngokwanele ukuhlala isikhathi eside ngesikhathi esibandayo. Noma ngabe ngeke uchithe isikhathi esengeziwe egalaji, izinga lokushisa elinethezekile lizodingeka uma udinga ukushiya imoto isikhathi eside.
- Ngokungafani ngokhonkolo - Isihlahla asikwazi ukudala uthuli, futhi ukubukeka ukugqwala akusonanga, njengoba kwenzeka ngezinhlaka ezivela kwimikhiqizo yensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibha yokhuni ihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, ihlala isikhathi eside, futhi iyakwazi ukuthwala inkonzo yakhe iminyaka eminingi.
- Lesi sihlahla siyinto ebonakalayo enobungane edlula umoya-mpilo futhi ngaleyo ndlela kusiza umsebenzi kanye nokumane kube yindlela esesakhiweni esinjalo.
- Uma kunesidingo, igalaji lingahlali lihlakazeka futhi likhishwe kwenye indawo, ngoba lolu hlobo lwezinto ezibonakalayo luvumela ukusetshenziswa kabusha. Ngokwesisindo esilula kakhulu, kunomkhuba wonke wokuklanywa komklamo ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kokuhlakazeka.
Isihloko ngesihloko: I-facade ehlukile enjalo
Vele, ngaphandle kwezinhlangothi ezinhle, ngaphambi kokwakha igalaji lokhuni, udinga ukutadisha izinto eziningi nezingalungile:
- Izisusa ezinkulu kakhulu futhi eziyingozi zezakhiwo zokhuni zingabizwa ngokuthi yingozi yazo yomlilo. Lesi sihlahla sivutha kalula, futhi sivutha kalula, futhi awukwazi ukuthola noma yikuphi. Ungabhekana nale nkinga kuphela ngesimo sengqondo esicophelela nesilalelisiyo, okungukuthi, ukuvimbela.
- Izinkuni zidonsa ngokuphelele umswakama, futhi lokhu kungadala ukubola nokubhujiswa okwalandela kwegaraji. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukwakheka isikhathi eside kuphila isikhathi eside - kufanele unakekele amanzi angenamanzi aphezulu.
- Phakathi kokunye, lokhu okuqukethwe kunamandla okuthola amaphunga, futhi njengoba kusetshenziswa izingoma ezahlukahlukene ze-caustic lapho zilungiswa imoto, kungekudala kakhulu egalaji, umoya othize uzofakwa ngokuqinile.
Kepha uma ukala ngokucophelela zonke izimpikiswano, futhi usukulungele ukubekeka ngokushiyeka kwalolu daba, kusho ukuthi ungaqhubeka ngqo ekwakhiweni kwegalaji lokhuni.
Siqala ukwakha
Ukwakheka kwegaraji yohlaka olunendawo ephelele ka-27m2
Ekuqaleni komsebenzi, ngincoma ukunquma ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bokwakhiwa kwegaraji elizayo. Kunezindlela ezimbili ezizonke: ukwakha igalaji lamathambo, noma wakhe igalaji lezingodo eziyindilinga. Inketho yesibili kufanele ikhethwe uma ezinye izinto esizeni sezivele zakhiwe ngendlela efanayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwakheka kohlaka kuzobiza okushibhile kakhulu futhi kuzodinga isikhathi esincane kakhulu kwinqubo yokwakha, ngakho-ke kungcono ukucubungula le ndlela.
Njenganoma yimuphi umsebenzi wokulungisa, udinga uhlelo olucacile lwesenzo kanye nephrojekthi yesakhiwo esizayo. Ukwenza kube lula umsebenzi, ungalanda umdwebo owenziwe ngomumo, bese wenza ngokusho kwakho, ikakhulukazi njengoba lolu hlobo lwamaphrojekthi luvame kakhulu kwi-Intanethi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ubukhulu begaraji: bancike kakhulu kwinani lezimoto okufanele zilungele ngaphakathi. Ungabheka futhi i-canopy evulekile lapho imoto ingagcinwa khona ehlobo.
Indawo ekhethiwe kufanele ibe yiflethi ngokwanele. Ngohlobo, isakhiwo singatholakala ngokwahlukana, noma esiseduze kwesakhiwo esiseduze. Cabanga ngendlela ukuvula isango - Kwesinye isikhathi igalaji lisebenza ngasikhathi sinye ngokuqhubeka kwendawo yokungena esizeni. Futhi, uhlu lwemisebenzi yokulungiselela lubandakanya ukuhlanza, ukuqondanisa kanye nokuphazamiseka kwendawo ekhethiwe.
Lapho yonke imibuzo yokuqala ixazululwa. Ungaya kuthebhu eyisisekelo.
Isihloko ngesihloko: ukungezwani okufakiwe
Isisusa
Ngenxa yesisindo esincane sokwakhiwa, ingafakwa esisekelweni esilula kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenzisa izigxobo ze-monolithic, ngoba ucingo olusetshenziswa ngokhonkolo, noma izigxobo ezihlanganisiwe ezivela kumabhulokhi kakhonkolo aqinisiwe.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukubeka ibhukumaka isisekelo, akufanele ungakunaki ukuhlola okuncane kwezwe, lapho udinga ukuthola okungenani izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuthola ukujula kokutshala ukhonkolo kokhonkolo. Uma inhlabathi idluliselwe ngaphezulu kwamanzi, ishukumisa kakhulu futhi ibuthakathaka, kusho ukuthi igaraji ngokuzayo lizokhathaza impela futhi wonke umsebenzi wakho uzoya ephampu. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, izinsika kufanele zifakwe ngokujula okufanayo futhi ngokuphelele impela komunye nomunye. Bheka ukuthi kungenzeka ukufakwa okunjalo empeleni ngengxenye yesitimela sokhuni noma amapayipi ezintambo.
Isisekelo seMonolithic, njengomthetho, ngasikhathi sinye sidlala indima yephansi, ngakho-ke ubulala ama-hares amabili ngokudubula okukodwa:
- Ngemininingwane yayo, kuqala kuhlelwe insimu ethile, eyayisusa ungqimba lomhlabathi.
- Ngemuva kokudinga ukuhlela umsebenzi wamafomu azungeze i-perimeter enesigamu esingaphansi kwengxenye yemitha.
- Njengesisekelo, isihlabathi silungele ngokuphelele ingxube ngo-gravel. Lapho ubeka, le ungqimba lokuqala kufanele ithululwe ngamanzi futhi ihlangane, ukuze ukuphakama okuphelele kungamasentimitha angama-20.
- Ngemuva kokuthi ifakwe ungqimba olungenamanzi, imvamisa lisebenzisa umgijimi noma ulwelwesi olukhethekile olungenakugwenywa ngalo.
- Ngemuva kwalokho isisekelo siyaqiniswa, sithululelwe ukhonkolo, futhi futhi.
- Ngokusoma isisekelo esinjalo, kudingeka isikhathi eside - cishe ngenyanga, futhi lokhu kuzoba yimbali enkulu ekwakhiweni kwegalaji lokhuni.
Lapho isisekelo siqina, ungaqala ukwakhiwa kwamathambo wesakhiwo, okungukuthi uhlaka.
Uhlaka kanye nesembozo salo
Kunomyalelo othile womsebenzi lapho ehlela ibhokisi:
- Okokuqala ibanga lemitha eyodwa, kufakwa imishayo eyinhloko, okufanele iqambe amanga eqondile emhlabeni.
- Ama-rack of the Carriers Frame afakwa esiteshini esingaphansi, esenziwe kuwo wonke umngcele. Kuyadingeka futhi ukubheka ukufakwa kwama-subposses kanye nokuhlunga okuphezulu, okunikeza ukuqina okudingekayo kulo lonke isakhiwo.
- Enye yokuqala ivame ukunamathiselwa imishayo ye-angular, esebenza njengeziqondiso zomsebenzi owengeziwe. Qiniseka ukuthi imishayo yokusekelwa ifakiwe ngokuqondile - kulokhu udinga ukusebenzisa izinga lokwakha.
- Imihlahlandlela inamathiselwe i-perpendicular kulezi zinhlaka, lapho kuzoba khona amapulangwe anamapharamitha wesigaba se-4x10. Ibanga labo ngasikhathi sinye akufanele lidlule uphawu lwamamitha owodwa.
- Endaneni, kufanele kwenziwe kusengaphambili, lapho kufakwa khona imishayo ye-rafting. Njenge-fasteners, ngokwethembeka okukhulu, amabakaki ensimbi adinga ukusetshenziswa.
- Ukusuka phezulu kuma-roaft, ikhasi amanga, ngemuva kokubekwa ngaphansi kwesendlalelo sokufaka amanzi futhi uphahla lufakiwe.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Idizayini yegumbi lokuhlala namawindi amabili
Okulandelayo, ungathuthela ekwakhekeni kwezindonga zegalaji lokhuni. Ekuqaleni phakathi kwama-racks okufakwayo kulele - kungaba ukuhambisa ama-mat noma amagwebu. Ukusuka ngaphakathi ukuze kuvinjelwe amanzi kusebenzisa ifilimu, ngokunamathiselwe okudingeka ubhekane nesitofu se-stapler.
Kutholakala futhi ngaphandle kwesendlalelo se-pair-and materproofing, ngemuva kwalokho uhlaka ungathungwa ngamashidi we-plywood kusuka ngaphakathi, futhi ngaphandle - i-clapboard elula.
Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi lokhu, njenganoma yimuphi omunye umklamo, odingekayo ngamanzi, angakhiwa kusuka kupayipi elilula lepulasitiki elisike ama-halves amabili.
Uphahla
Isigaba sokugcina sokwakhiwa sizobe sesihleli ophahleni lwegaraji lokhuni.
Nganoma iyiphi idivaysi yokuklama, uphahla luhlala lwakhiwa cishe ngendlela efanayo:
- Okokuqala udinga ukuqoqa ibhokisi le-rafter
- Bese unamathisela i-firmware
- Ngemuva kokwakha ukufakwa okukhethiwe, ukunika amandla nokungenisa amanzi kanye nokufakelwa komusi.
- Ukusuka ngaphezulu kwenhlanganisela yangaphandle kunamathiselwe, okuthi ngasikhathi sinye esenza umsebenzi wokuhlobisa.
Ukukhetha phakathi kophahla olulodwa noluhlanganayo lwegaraji lokhuni, kungcono ukukhetha owokuqala. Okokuqala, kulula kakhulu ukukwenza, okwesibili, kunikeza amathuba amaningi ukuhlela isikhala esincane se-attic, lapho ungahlela khona igumbi elengeziwe lokugcina izinto ezahlukahlukene. Njenge-coating yangaphandle, ungakhetha indawo efanelekile, noma impahla ethambile yebitume. Futhi, isilayidi esidala esihle singenza endimeni elula futhi engabizi kakhulu - kuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, okungabizi kakhulu nakho konke okujwayelekile. Enye inketho enhle kuzoba yi-metal tile - ukuhlanganiswa okuncane okushibhile okulula kakhulu okulula kakhulu ukuyifaka ngezandla zakho.
Isigaba sokugcina sokwakhiwa kwegalaji lokhuni kuzoba yisilungiselelo sesango - kanti isakhiwo silungiselelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenza. Kungashiwo ukuthi ukwakhiwa okuzimele kokwakhiwa okuchazwe ngenhla kuwumkhuba omuhle kanye nekhono lokuthola amakhono amasha. Ngakho-ke uma ukhulelwe ukuthola igalaji elisha lokhuni, lihlala lithenga izinto zokwakha futhi lithola iphrojekthi ephelele yokwakheka kwesikhathi esizayo.
Ividiyo ethi "Ungayakha Kanjani Igalaji Esihlahleni"
Imiyalo yevidiyo yokwakhiwa kwegalathi lokhuni ngezandla zabo.