Umsebenzi ohlobene nogesi udinga ukunakwa, ukuhambisana nemithetho nokunemba. Futhi i-wiring endlini eyenziwe ngokhuni enezandla zayo idinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe: impahla inwetsheke umlilo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukuhlela nokufakwa, naka izidingo nezincomo zemibhalo elawulwayo. Uma isipiliyoni sakho sekwanele, kufiseleka kakhulu ngaphambi kokuxhuma, futhi kube ngcono ngaphambi kokuqala kokufaka, mema ugesi onekhono. Uzokwazi ukukutshela amaphutha nokuziphatha kabi.
Isikimu se-Wiring endlini
Ngokuya ngamazinga wamanje, lapho uxhuma ugesi ngaphandle kwe-transformer, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwendlu yangasese akufanele kudlule i-15 kW. Kutholakala ngokugoqa amandla wazo zonke izinto zikagesi ezingafakwa ngasikhathi sinye. Uma isibalo esitholakele singaphansi kwama-15 kW, isingeniso se-automaton sibeke ku-25 A. Uma amandla kakhulu, kusekhona i-transformer. Amapharamitha awo azokhonjiswa kulo msebenzi, njengoba kulokhu, ngaphandle kwawo angeke akwenze.
Muva nje, abamele izinhlangano ezinikele zamandla zidinga imitha (nezethulo ze-automata, ngokulandelana) emgwaqweni. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kube namandla okulawula ukusetshenziswa noma ngabe abanikazi bengekho ekhaya. Kepha lesi sidingo asiqiniswanga, futhi uma ufisa, ungafaka konke ngaphakathi kwendlu. Kepha kaningi, hhayi ukwamukelwa ngabalawuli, izidingo zenziwa, futhi zifakwe umshini kanye nemitha emgwaqweni.
Inketho yokwakha uhlelo lokunikezela ngamandla lwendlu
Ukufaka emgwaqweni, umshini wokuvikela (i-AZ) nemitha kufanele ibe sehlangeni elivaliwe, elivikelwe uthuli, ukungcola kanye nomswakama. Ikilasi lokuvikelwa lokufakwa akufanele libe ngaphansi kune-IP-55. Ukuze kube lula ukuhlolwa kokufundwa ebhokisini lebhokisi lemitha kagesi, kufanele kube newindi. Ukufaka ngaphakathi kwendlu yokhuni, izidingo zingezansi: IP-44, kepha icala kufanele libe yinsimbi.
Ngemuva kwesingeniso se-automat, ikhawuntari kagesi isethwe, bese isethwe okwamanje ku-RCO - kumandla aphuthumayo ngaphandle kokuhlinzekwa kwamandla phambi kwesifunda esifushane, bese kuthi ikhebula liqalwa kwiphaneli kagesi ngaphakathi kwendlu. Umshini ongomuko ngaphakathi kwendlu kufanele ube nesinyathelo esisodwa esiphansi kunangaphandle. Kulokhu, uma kunezinkinga, umshini wokuqala uzosebenza endlini futhi akudingeki ukuthi uklebhule ngaso sonke isikhathi odongeni uye esingeniso esifakwe lapho.
Esihlangu kufakwe i-single-pole automata, exhunywe kwizintambo ezihluphayo. Zinamathiselwe ku-DIN TALA, ubuningi babo buqashwa ngokuya ngokuthi amagatsha akhethiwe azodingeka kangakanani. Ukuthola ukuthi mangaki imishini kufanele ame ngesihlangu sakho, cabanga ngenani lamaqembu adingekayo, izimoto ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ziyangezwa "entuthukweni". Ngokuya ngenani elilandelayo, khetha ukuvikela kukagesi.
Isihloko ngesihloko: amakhethini ohlangothini olulodwa ekhishini namakamelo okulala - ikhambi elifanele
Umdwebo we-Wiring endlini yokhuni enolwazi olulodwa oluxhunyiwe (220 v)
Lapho uhlela uhlelo lwe-wiring endlini, wonke amaphuzu okuxhumana aphukile abe ngamaqembu ahlukene (ajwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi amaqembu asetshenzisiwe). Isibonelo, wonke amasethi esitezi sokuqala apholile kusuka emshinini owodwa, idivaysi ehlukile ibeka amadivayisi wokukhanyisa endlini, enye futhi - ukukhanyisa umgwaqo. Uma eminye imishini kagesi enamandla - i-boiler, i-boiler kagesi, isitofu sikagesi, njll. Sizosetshenziswa. - Kungcono ukuthi babambe amagatsha ahlukile okunikezwa kwamandla futhi asungule i-automata yomuntu siqu. I-automata ehlukile ifakiwe kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla kwezakhiwo zezomnotho (uma ungafuni ukudonsa okufakiwe ngakunye kubo futhi ufake imitha ehlukile, kepha kuphela ngaphansi kwesimo sazo zonke izinto zikagesi ezingadluli ku-15 kW).
Ngokwephuzu lokubuka ukuphepha, kungcono ukwenza amagatsha amaningi ahlukene okunikezwa kwamandla. Lokhu kuzokwandisa inani le-automata, kepha kuzonciphisa inani lezixhumi ezingaba yingozi. Kusemasimini okususwa kwabaqhubi okuvame ukuvela kwezinkinga: Oxhumana nabo bangama-oxidized, bafudumele, bese baqala ukukhuluma. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukwenza inani lokuxhumeka lincane ngangokunokwenzeka.
Futhi esigabeni sokugcina, kungcono ohlelweni lweNdlu ukudweba uhlelo lwe-wiring kagesi ngezakhiwo. Amaqembu wabathengi kulula ukudweba imibala ehlukene. Ngakho-ke ungacabanga ngokugcwele ngokwengeziwe ukuthi uhlelo lwe-wiring endlini ngokhuni lubukeka kanjani, kuzoba lula ukukwenza ngezandla zakho. Isibonelo, konke kungahle kubukeke njengesithombe esingezansi.
Isibonelo sidonswe ngokuya ngomdwebo we-wiring endlini yokhuni
Izinhlobo ze-wiring endlini yokhuni
Ngemuva kokufaka isihlangu nokubeka yonke imishini edingekayo, ungaqala ukufakwa kwezintambo zikagesi endlini. Endlini yokhuni kunezindlela ezintathu zokubhekana ne-electrocabel:
- I-wiring evulekile noma yangaphandle - kuma-insulance akhethekile. Le ndlela ibidumile kakhulu ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, futhi namuhla isemfashini ezakhiweni ezihlotshiswe ngesitayela se-retro.
I-Wiring Wiring on insulators ibuye ithandwe futhi i-Retro Interiors
- Izintambo eziteshini zekhebula noma izintambo ezikhethekile. Eqinisweni, futhi kuyi-wiring evulekile - iyatholakala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, izintambo kuphela ezibekwe ngamathileyi akhethekile. Enye yezinhlobo zalolu hlobo lwe-wiring zisezitokisini.
Izintambo eziteshini zekhebula
- I-wiring evaliwe (efihliwe). Ngendlu yokhuni, kungenzeka uma izindonga zodonga noma ophahleni zihlongozwa. Kulokhu, izintambo zigcinwe esikhwameni sensimbi ehlanganisiwe (hhayi ipulasitiki) noma amapayipi wensimbi futhi kuleli fomu kufakwa yindlu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-angles agobayo kufanele abe ngu-90 °, 120 ° noma u-135 °: yile ndlela amathuba okuthi ama-akhazimula aqinisekiswa kanjani - ukufaka esikhundleni izingxenye ezilimele zekhebula ngaphandle kokubhujiswa kwekhebula ngaphandle kokubhujiswa kwekhebula ngaphandle kokucekelwa phansi. Lapho-ke yonke i-wiring ifihla ngezinto zokuqeda.
I-wiring efihliwe kufanele ibekwe emapayipini noma kuma-mortal partions
Izici ze-wiring evaliwe endlini yokhuni
Njengoba ubuqonda, i-wiring evaliwe ingenziwa esigabeni sokwakha noma sokuphelelwa ngamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ilele, kunezici: Zonke izikhala zokuxhumana kufanele zifakwe emabhokisini ensimbi akhethekile, okufanele afinyeleleke mahhala. Ngeke zifihlwe ngaphansi komugqa, ngoba izembozo zabo zikhethwe ngethoni futhi / noma zama ukuhlela ezindaweni ezingadonseli ukunakwa.
Ngedivayisi ye-wiring efihlekile endlini yokhuni, konke ukuxhumana kwenziwa emabhokisini okukhuphuka ngensimbi.
Uma i-wiring efihliwe endlini yokhuni ayiqhutshwa yikhebula, kepha izintambo ezifakiwe, ubukhulu bezindonga zamapayipi ensimbi bulawulwa:
- Ngocingo lwethusi olunesigaba esisezingeni eliphakeme ku-2,5 mm2, ubukhulu bezindonga bungaba noma yimuphi;
- Ngengxenye ye-4 MM2 efinyelela ku-4 mm2, ubukhulu bodonga lwensimbi kumele okungenani babe ngu-2.8 mm;
- Ngesikhathi sesigaba esingu-4,5 kuye kwayi-10 mm2, ipayipi kufanele libe nodonga okungenani lwe-3,2 mm;
- Ngengxenyeni evela ku-10.2 kuye ku-16 mm2, udonga akufanele lube mncane kune-3.5 mm.
Lapho ubeka izintambo zikagesi zezidingo zobukhulu bezindonga zepayipi lensimbi akukho, ngoba izintambo ezivumelekile (zinokufakwa okuphindwe kabili (njengoba zisho njalo, ngokuzivocavoca kwensimbi. Kulula kakhulu futhi kusheshe.
Intambo elele e-hose yensimbi ehlanganisiwe (yensimbi) ilula kakhulu futhi idinga isikhathi esincane nemali
Kepha kunoma yikuphi, njengoba izintambo zizofihlwa, ukufinyelela kuzo zilinganiselwe kakhulu. Yenza ushintsho kunethiwekhi ekhona - enzima futhi ebizayo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokufakwa kwe-wiring evaliwe endlini yokhuni, hlola ngokucophelela umdwebo bese wenza konke ngokucophelela futhi ngokucophelela.
Iziteshi zentambo zentambo
Lapho idivaysi evulekile ye-wiring noma ukuyibeka ezihlathini zekhebula nayo inemithetho yayo. Bahlobana nalapho kude ukusuka phansi phansi, uphahla, amakhona neminye imidwebo ingabekwa. Zonke lezi zinkambiso zenzelwe ukubonakala okukhulu ziboniswa esithombeni.
Ngingayifaka kanjani i-wiring evulekile kuma-insulators noma iziteshi zekhebula
Khetha isigaba Sokuphambanisa Cable nokuxhumeka kwayo
Isigaba se-Cable Core sikhethwa ngokuya ngomthwalo ohleliwe (ku-KW) kanye ne-Vein Material. Akudingekile ukwenza yonke i-wiring yekhebula ngendawo yokuhlala efanayo: Ungakhetha isigaba ngokuya ngamandla wezinsimbi ezizoxhunywa lapha. Amandla abo ancishisiwe afingqiwe, cishe ama-20% we-Reserve angeziwe futhi isigaba sesiphambano sikhethiwe etafuleni.
Ithebula le-ElectroCabel isigaba ngokuya ngomthwalo
Ukuxhumanisa amandla kagesi endlini yokhuni, kufakwa izidingo zokuphepha kwezimpahla eziningi: I-Wire Shell kumele ingavutha. Ezindongeni ezinjalo, kunezinhlamvu ezi- "ng". Ukuqinisekisa izinga elidingekayo lokuvikelwa, okuphindwe kabili (vg) noma kathathu (NY) Ukuhlukaniswa kwezintambo kuyadingeka.
Ukwenza i-wiring endlini yamapulangwe ngezandla zawo ngendlela efanele, kungcono ukusebenzisa izintambo ngemithambo enemibala eminingi: ngakho-ke awuhlanganisi ne-zero ngesigaba noma esisekelweni. Imvamisa imibala isatshalaliswa ngale ndlela:
- "Umhlaba" - ophuzi-luhlaza;
- "Zero" - luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- "Isigaba" - Brown.
Enye yezinketho zentambo kagesi ku-Triple Insulation (NYM)
Uma uthenga ikhebula ukukhiqizwa kwaseYurophu, kunemibala ehlukene:
- "Umhlaba" - ophuzi-luhlaza;
- "Zero" - mhlophe;
- "Isigaba" - Bomvu.
Khetha izitolo nokushintshwa
Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komlilo endlini, izisekelo kanye nokushintshwa okunepuleti lokufakwa kwensimbi kufakiwe. Okokuqala, ifakwe odongeni, khona-ke kufakwa iphaneli yangaphandle. Ukusetshenziswa kwamapuleti epulasitiki kuvunyelwe, kepha ipulasitiki akumele ihambisane futhi ibe nesitifiketi sokuqondisa umlilo.
Izisekelo kanye nokushintshwa kwendlu ngokhuni kumele kube namapuleti okukhuphukayo angavutha
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuxhumeka okuphephile iningi le-Hardware yanamuhla, ama-rosette ama-Three-wire ngentambo yomhlabathi ayadingeka. Kudinga isisekelo futhi lapho ukukhanyisa kuxhunyiwe, kepha ngaphakathi kwekamelo kuvame ukwenziwa. Kepha ukukhanyisela emgwaqweni, ukuba khona komhlaba kuyadingeka: Izimo ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
I-wiring endlini yokhuni ngezandla zakho: imithetho ekhuphukayo
Endlini yamapulangwe, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhumbule njalo ukuthi okuqukethwe uphethiloli nakulesi simo kungcono ukuba nokho ngokwengeziwe. I-Wiring endlini yokhuni enezandla zabo yenziwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho eyisisekelo:
- Lonke icebo liqoqwe okokuqala, ukusebenza kwegatsha ngalinye kuhlolwe (umhloli), futhi kuphela ukulethwa kwamandla okuxhumene nephaneli.
- Ukufakwa kwe-wiring kagesi endlini yokhuni kwenziwa kuphela ngezingcezu eziphelele zekhebula ngaphandle kwamakhompiyutha kanye nokusonta.
- Ukubekwa kwe-wiring kudlula kancane kancane, ngokuhlolwa okuphoqelekile ngobuqotho bokufakwa kwengxenye yekhebula (umnyombo kanye nokufakelwa "okubizwa ngokuthi" okuhlobene nomhlaba futhi kuphila).
- Lapho usika ikhebula, i-Reserve ishiye isikhathi eside - okungenani i-15-20 cm, ezokuvumela ukuthi uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde udingeke.
- Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela imibala yezintambo.
Ngokuhambisana nale mithetho, i-wiring endlini yokhuni, yenziwa ngokuzimela, izovikeleka futhi ithembeke.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Incazelo nokukhetha kwe-rug yokukhasa kwengane