Ngenxa yokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokwakhiwa kwanamuhla bungaphansi kobumbano olungapheli, izakhamizi zezindawo ezahlukahlukene zibhekana nenkinga yokufakelwa okunganele kwezindonga. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi isimo sezulu sihlala kuzo, ukufakwa kwezindonga kusiza ukonga ezintweni zokwakha futhi kwandise ukufakwa komsindo. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ukuthi singanquma kanjani ukuthi yikuphi ukushuba kokufakwa kwezindonga okudingekayo esifundeni esithile sezwe nokuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani umshini wokubala wokubala izinto zokufaka ukubala.
Lapho ubukhulu buncike khona
Ukubalwa kobukhulu bokufakwa kwezindonga kufanele kuqale ngencazelo yezinkomba eziphambili zobuchwepheshe bokwakha. Izinkomba ezinjalo zifaka phakathi ukushuba kwezindonga ezikhona kanye nokuqukethwe okwenziwa yiwo, okuqukethwe kwe-insulator yokushisa, kanye nezimo zesimo sezulu, ukwakheka kwezindonga zesakhiwo, ubukhulu bangaphandle igumbi nezinye izinkomba zamanje.
Cabanga ngemininingwane eminingi izinto zokubala ze-Insulator yodonga.
Ubukhulu bezindonga, kanye nezinto zokwakha abasuswe kuzo, zibhalwe emgqonyeni wezindlu zakho, ukuze bazijwayele ukuthi ungabanikela kuye emhlanganweni noma enkampanini yabaphathi. Lezi zinkomba zibalulekile, ngoba ngesimo ngasinye sezulu kukhona izinkomba zezindlela zokwakha kanye nokushisa okulandelayo.
Izinto zokufakelwa kubalulekile ngoba kuvela kulo ukuthi ukwehla okulandelayo kokulahlekelwa ukushisa kwefulethi lakho kuncike. Indwangu ngayinye ine-coefficient yayo yokuvuselela, ngenxa yokuthi ubuncane obuthile obuvumelekile bokufakelwa buzokwehluka.
Ukugqoka kanye nodonga lomklamo kuthinta nenqubo yokufakelwa, ngoba, kuya ohlangothini (ongaphandle noma lwangaphakathi), inqubo yokufakelwa ingakutshela ukuthi udonga lulimele kangakanani. Uma isakhiwo singafakwanga kulungiswa kwezimonyo isikhathi eside, ngaphandle kwalokho ungqimba olubanzi lokufakelwa, ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka, umthamo omkhulu wokuhlangana, imifantu kanye nokuqiniswa kwama-overlaps kwenzeka.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ubukhulu bokufakwa kwezindonga zangaphandle akubalwa ngokuhlolisisa okunjalo, nangaphakathi. Isizathu sokunganakwa okunjalo akunakwenzeka ukubikezela isimo sezulu. Uma ngaphakathi efulethini unganquma izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sasebusika sesikhathi ezinkombeni zonyaka ngesikhathi sezinkomba zonyaka ngesikhathi sokushisa, khona-ke akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ngaphandle kwezimo zezulu ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa kwangaphandle kuthatha ubukhulu obudlula ubuncane obuncane bezikhathi eziyi-1.5. Ngakho-ke, ngeke usebenzise imali eyengeziwe futhi ufake izindonga zakho.
Isihloko ngesihloko: I-Karcas ye-Hammock: Izinhlobo nokuhleleka kokwakha
Imigomo yokumelana nokushisa
Sekuvele kubhaliwe ngenhla, kuziphi izinkomba kunezindlela zokumelana nokushisa. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinto ezishisayo zikwenza kahle kanjani lokho kushise ukushisa, futhi ukumelana nokushisa yilapho kubambezeleka kahle. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha izinto zodonga nokufakelwa, kufanele ukhethe lezo ezinobunzima obuphezulu bokumelana nokushisa.
I-coefficient evuthayo yodonga ibalwa ngefomula:
R (ukumelana nokushisa kodonga) = ukushuba ngamamitha / okwanele kokuvuselelwa okushisayo kwezinto ezibonakalayo ku-w / (m nto).
Lokhu ku-coefflent akudingekile ukubala ngokuzimela, ngoba kunamathebula owenziwe ngomumo lapho ukumelana nokushisa okudingekayo khona lapho isifunda. Izidingo ezinkulu kakhulu zethulwa emadolobheni anjengo-Anadyr, Yakutsk, Urengoy noTynda. Okuncane - kwe-sochi kanye nokuvuza. EMoscow, i-coefficient efanelekile kufanele ibe sezingeni le-3.0 w / (m nzinс), enhlokodolobha esenyakatho - 2.9 w / (m º / m nto).
Izidingo zokuvikelwa kokushisa azivezwa hhayi ezindongeni zesakhiwo kuphela, kodwa futhi nasekuqedeni namafasitela. Ungenza ukubala ngefomula efanayo, kepha ungathola idatha kwi-Intanethi noma enkampanini yokwakha.
Ukunaka yonke imininingwane esiyithola ifomula yokubala ubukhulu bokufakwa kodonga lwangaphakathi. Kubukeka kanjena:
Rreg = Δ / k, lapho
I-RREG iyinkomba yesifunda yokumelana nokushisa (idatha eyenziwe ngomumo noma ukubalwa okuzimele);
Δ - Ubukhulu be-insulator yokushisa;
K - i-thermal accoffight coefflity w / m2 · º º.
Manje cabanga nge-coefficients yokuvimbela ukushisa kodonga lwenkampani othwala kanye nemingcele ethinta ukufakwa okushisayo.
Ama-coefficients wokuvimbela ukushisa kwezinto zodonga oluthathwayo:
Okuqukethwe okwakhiwa kwakhiwa kuyo kuthonywa ngokuqondile ezingeni lokushisa lezindonga. Izinhlaka zokuthwala zitholakala phakathi kwamakamelo futhi ziyizindonga zangaphandle zesakhiwo uqobo. Izindonga ngaphakathi efulethini ziyizihlukaniso zazo zokufakelwa kwazo ezingakhiqizwanga.Okuqukethwe okwakhiwa kwakhiwa kuyo kuthonywa ngokuqondile ezingeni lokushisa lezindonga. Izinhlaka zokuthwala zitholakala phakathi kwamakamelo futhi ziyizindonga zangaphandle zesakhiwo uqobo. Izindonga ngaphakathi efulethini ziyizihlukaniso zazo zokufakelwa kwazo ezingakhiqizwanga.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Yini okufanele ibe yigumbi lokulala
Ngokusekelwe kuyo yonke imininingwane, ama-technologists ahlanganiswe itafula lokumelana nokushisa, lapho kufakwa khona idatha ngobukhulu bezinto, kanye ne-coefficients eshisayo ebukhoneni kanye nokungabikho komswakama owedlulele:
Into uqobo lwayo | Ubuningi, kg / m3. | I-coeffred Offectivity of thermal Ku-λ esomile λ, w / (m · os) | Ama-coefficients ebaliwe wokuvuselelwa okushisayo esimweni esimanzi * | |
isitamba - W / (m · os) | Yebo, W / (m · os) | |||
Ukhonkolo oqinisiwe | 2500. | 1,7 | 1.9 | 2. |
500. | 0.1. | 0.1. | 0.1. | |
UBrick Clay ojwayelekile kwikhambi likasimende-sandy | 1800. | I-0,6 | 0,7. | 0.8. |
Isitini esibi esikhangisweni sesihlabathi sikasimende-sandy | 1600. | 0,7. | 0.8. | 0.9 |
Izitini ze-ceramic eziyindic density 1400 kg / m3 (gross) ku-Cect-Sandy Solution | 1600. | 0.5 | I-0,6 | I-0,6 |
Izitini ze-ceramic eziyindilinga density 1000 kg / m3 (gross) ngesixazululo sesihlabathi sikasimende | 1200. | 0.4. | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Isihlahla sikaphayini kanye ne-fir yonke imicu | 500. | 0.1. | 0.1. | 0,2 |
Isihlahla se-Oak Emibhalweni | 700. | 0.1. | 0,2 | 0,2 |
Isihlahla se-Oak Emigqeni | 700. | 0,2 | 0,3. | 0.4. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkomba zezindinganiso ekudluliseni kokushisa kwezindonga, kanye nobukhulu bokufakwa kwesifunda esithile sezwe, kwathathwa, inqobo nje uma ukufakwa kuzoba nokuvuselelwa okungu-0.40 w / (M · ºсºсº). Le mininingwane ingatholakala kwi-Intanethi noma enkampanini yokwakha eye yathola ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sakho.
Ngokuvamile, ama-coefficients okuvikelwa kokushisa kwezinhlaka ezisekelayo ancike esifundeni sokwakha, ngalinye linezidingo zalo zokushisa (lokho obekusevele kuneliphezulu). Lezi ze-coefficients zihlukile, kepha zizonke, zonke izifunda zihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili ezinkulu - a no-B. Ngaphezu komehluko phakathi kokushisa kwemini, kunomehluko phakathi kokwakhiwa kwamaphuzu amazolo kuwo womabili. Iqembu a lihlanganisa amadolobha aphezulu alomile ngesimo sezulu esimeme, njenge-Arkhangelsk (3.6), Krasnodar (2,3), Chita (4,1). Iqembu B lifaka amadolobha asenyakatho kanye namadolobha atholakala emabhande lesimo sezulu esishukumisayo - Bryansk (3.0), Kaliningrad (2.7), Khabarovsk (3.6).
Sifaka amabala amadolobha angowaleli B: Kaliningrad, Kursk, Bryansk, Vladimir, e-Arel, e-tula, i-tunga, i-tunga, i-purm, i-permansk , Syktyvkar, Khabarovsk, Blagoveshchensk, Salelhard, Igarka.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Umkhawulo womnyango ngezandla zakhe: Indwangu yesitebhu, indwangu
Amadolobha Ahlobene neQembu A: Arkhangelsk, Astrakhan, Barnaul, Belgolod, erkuroyad, Krasnoya, Narchik, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Orenburg, ePhenza, I-ROSTOV-On-Don, Saransk, Saratov, Stavropol, Tambov, Tyumen, Ulyanovsk, Ulan-Ude, U-Chelyabinsk, Chelta, Chista.
Ukufakwa okwehlukene kubuye kube nokuphakelayo okuhlukile okushisayo, izinkomba zakhe zitholakala esitolo sokwakha. Isibonelo, inkomba ye-foam - 0, 037 w / m × K, ngakho-ke ubukhulu be-polystyrere foam yokufakwa kwezindonga kufanele kube ngu-160 mm. Futhi ubukhulu be-polystyrere aresstyrene - ama-fasteners - ngoba ukufakwa kwezindonga kufanele kube ngu-120 mm, ngoba kuminyene kakhulu futhi kungcono kugcina ukushisa ngaphakathi endlini.
Amapharamitha wokulondolozwa kokufakwa kwe-thermal
Ngaphezu kwedatha engenhla, kufanele futhi ubheke abanye abathinta ukufakwa okushisayo:
- ukulimala kwezakhiwo ezisekelayo;
- "Amabhuloho obandayo" kanye nemifantu ekweqiseni;
- Umswakama-, umphunga kanye ne-latex permeability yokufakelwa;
- Imvelo kanye nezinto zokuphepha zomlilo nokuningi.
Ukubalwa okulinganiselwa kokuqina kodonga kusuka ku-homegeneous impahla
Zonke lezi zinhlaka ziyadingeka uma ufuna ukuqiniseka ngokuzimela ukuzenza konke ukubalwa. Kodwa-ke, ku-Intanethi, kulula ukuthola umshini wokubala wezinkukhu wokufaka okuku-inthanethi, onikeza umphumela onembe kakhudlwana, ngoba abalwa hhayi kuphela ngesisekelo sokuvuselelwa kwezindonga kanye ne-insulator yokushisa, kepha ngesisekelo sedatha ekuqedeni izinto zokwakha kanye ne-airbag.
Ake sithi unendlu evela eSilicata eYakutsk, oyinqume ukufaka i-polystyrene ephakathi. Izindonga zihlotshiswe nge-plasterboard. Lapho ubala incwadi uzothola inkomba engaba ngu-150 mm (ungqimba womoya ongu-20 mm). Ukubalwa kokubala okuku-inthanethi ngakho konke idatha kunquma u-135 mm.
Ividiyo "Ubukhulu bokufakwa kodonga lukakhonkolo wegwebu"
Ividiyo iqukethe imininingwane evela kukhi onolwazi, echaza ama-nuances wokusebenzisa ukufakwa okushisayo ebusweni be-foam ukhonkolo.