Ukuhlinzeka ngamandla ukuze ufake noma yimanye amadivaysi asebenzisa oxhumana nabo abaxhumana nabo noma abazibuthe be-magnetic. Amadivayisi ahlose amandla njalo avulwe futhi avale. Umdwebo wokuxhumeka we-magnetic Starter yenethiwekhi eyodwa nesigaba ezintathu futhi uzocatshangelwa ngokuqhubekayo.
Abaxhumana nabo kanye Starts - Uyini umehluko
Bobabili abaxhumana nabo kanye neziqalo zenzelwe ukuvala / ukuvula oxhumana nabo kwimibuthano kagesi, imvamisa - amandla. Womabili la madivayisi aqoqwe ngesisekelo se-electromagnet, angasebenza kuwo wonke amasekethe wamanje wamandla ahlukene - kusuka ku-10 v kuya ku-440 v DC kanye ne-600 v ukushintshana. Ube:
- Inani lokusebenza (amandla) othintana nabo lapho ugesi anikezwe khona kwi-plug-in;
- Inqwaba yoxhumana nabo abasizayo - ukuhlela amaketanga wesiginali.
Manje umehluko? Uyini umehluko phakathi kwabaxhumana nabo. Okokuqala, bahlukaniswa ngezinga lokuvikelwa. Abaxhumana nabo banamakamelo okucisha okunamandla. Ukusuka lapha kukhona eminye umehluko emibili: Ngenxa yokuba khona kwama-duheads, abaxhumana nabo banosayizi omkhulu nesisindo, futhi futhi basebenzise amasekethe anemizi emikhulu. Imisinga emincane - kuze kufike ku-10 a - Khipha iziqalo ezikhethekile. By the way, azikhiqizwa kumisinga emikhulu.
Ukubukeka akufani njalo, kepha kwenzeka
Kunesinye futhi isici esakhayo: Iziqalo zikhiqizwa ecaleni lepulasitiki, zihoxisa kuphela amaphakethe othintana naye. Abathintana nabo, ezimweni eziningi, abanazo izindlu, ngakho-ke kufanele zifakwe ezindlini ezivikelayo noma emabhokisini azovikela ekuthinteni okungahleliwe ezingxenyeni ezithwala njengamanje, kanye nothuli.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunomehluko othile kokuqokwa. Iziqalo zenzelwe ukuqala izinjini zezigaba ezintathu zesigaba ezintathu. Ngakho-ke, banezimbili zokuxhumana namandla - ukuxhuma izigaba ezintathu, kanye ne-auxiliary eyodwa, lapho amandla aqhubeka khona anikezwe amandla ngemuva kokuthi kukhishwe inkinobho yokuqala. Kepha njengoba i-algorithm yomsebenzi ilungele amadivayisi amaningi, uxhuma ngawo amaketanga ahlukahlukene wokukhanyisa, amadivaysi ahlukahlukene nezinsimbi.
Ngokusobala ngoba "ukugcwalisa" kanye nemisebenzi yawo womabili amadivaysi acishe ahlukane, ngamanani amaningi, abaqalayo babizwa ngokuthi "abaxhumana nabo abancane".
Idivayisi kanye nomgomo wokusebenza
Ukuze uqonde kangcono uhlelo lokuxhuma kwama-magnetic Starter, kuyadingeka ukukuthola kudivayisi yalo kanye nomgomo wokusebenza.
Isisekelo se-Starter iyipayipi kazibuthe kanye nekhoyili yokuqalwa. Umjikelezo kazibuthe uqukethe izingxenye ezimbili - ezishukumisayo futhi zihleliwe. Zenziwa ngohlobo lwezinhlamvu "Sh" ezifakwe "ngemilenze" komunye nomunye.
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Ingxenye engezansi ihlelwe ezindlini futhi ihleliwe, intwasahlobo engenhla futhi ingahamba ngokukhululeka. Ikhoyili ifakwa kuma-slots engxenye engezansi yepayipi kazibuthe. Kuya ngokuthi ikhoyili ilinyazwa kanjani, izinguquko zokuxhumana Kunamakhoyili ayi-12 v, 110 V, 220 V, 220 V, 380 V no-380 V. Phezu kwepayipi kazibuthe kunamaqembu amabili oxhumana nabo - ahamba futhi ahleliwe.
Idivayisi ye-Magnetic Starter
Uma kungekho umsoco, intwasahlobo icindezelwa ingxenye engenhla yesifunda samazibuthe, oxhumana nabo basesimweni sokuqala. Lapho kuvela i-voltage (inkinobho yokuqala, ngokwesibonelo), ikhoyili ikhiqiza inkambu ye-electromagnetic edonsela ingxenye engenhla yomgogodla. Ngasikhathi sinye, oxhumana nabo bashintsha isikhundla sabo (esithombeni isithombe ngakwesokudla).
Lapho ama-voltage enyamalala, insimu ye-electromagnetic futhi inyamalale, iziphethu zicindezelwa ingxenye eshukumisekayo yepayipi kazibuthe, oxhumana nabo babuyiselwa esimweni salo sokuqala. Lona umgomo wokusebenza kwe-ECLEECTROMAGnetic Starter: Lapho i-voltage isetshenziswa, oxhumana nabo bavaliwe, lapho benyamalala - vula. Ukondla koxhumana nabo bese uxhuma kubo noma yimuphi umqulu - okungenani, okungenani okuguquguqukayo. Kubalulekile ukuthi amapharamitha awo angabikwa kakhudlwana ngumenzi.
Kubukeka njengefomu elihlakazekile
Kune-nuance eyodwa eyengeziwe: Oxhumana nabo be-Starter kungaba ngezinhlobo ezimbili: imvamisa ivaliwe futhi ivame ukuvula. Kusuka ezihlokweni zilandela umgomo wazo womsebenzi. Ngokuvamile othintana nabo bavale lapho kubangelwa kunqanyuliwe, kuvame ukuvula - kuvaliwe. Ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla, kusetshenziswa uhlobo lwesibili, kuvame kakhulu.
Izikimu zokuxhumana ze-Magnetic Starter nge-220 V
Ngaphambi kokudlulela kulezi zinhlelo, sizobhekana nokuthi la madivaysi angaxhunyaniswa kanjani. Imvamisa, izinkinobho ezimbili ziyadingeka - "Qala" nokuthi "Misa". Bangenziwa ezenzweni ezihlukene, futhi kungenzeka kube yicala elilodwa. Lokhu okubizwa nge-push inkinobho post.
Izinkinobho zingaba esimweni esisodwa noma kwehlukile
Ngezinkinobho ezihlukile, konke kucace - banabo oxhumana nabo ababili. Omunye unikezwa mina, kusukela kwesibili kuyahamba. Eposini kunamaqembu amabili oxhumana nabo - amabili ngenkinobho ngayinye: amabili ekuqaleni, amabili esitobhini, iqembu ngalinye le ngxenye yalo. Futhi, kuvame ukuba yi-terminal yokuxhuma isisekelo. Futhi akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuxhuma i-Starter nge-coil 220 kunethiwekhi
Empeleni, izinketho zokuxhuma oxhumana nabo kakhulu, sichaza eziningana. Umdwebo wokuxhuma i-magnetic Starter kunethiwekhi yesigaba esisodwa kulula, ngoba sizoqala ngakho - kuzoba lula ukukuthola okunye.
Amandla, kulokhu, angama-220 v, akholelwa iziphetho zamakhoyili, akhonjiswa yi-A1 ne-A2. Zombili lezi zinto oxhumana nazo zitholakala phezulu kwecala (bheka isithombe).
Lapha ungakondla ukudla kwekhoyili
Uma laba baxhumana nabo bexhuma intambo ngemfoloko (njengasesithombeni), idivaysi izosebenza ngemuva kokufaka i-plug insent kusokhethi. Ku-Power Contacts L1, L2, L2, L3, ungafaka noma yimuphi umqulu ngasikhathi sinye, futhi kuzokwenzeka ukuwususa lapho umqali ebangelwa lapho kudalwa i-T1, T2 ne-T3, ngokulandelana. Isibonelo, i-voltage engapheli evela ebhethri ingahanjiswa kokufakwayo kwe-L1 ne-L2, ezokondla idivaysi ethile ezoxhunyaniswa nemiphumela ye-T1 ne-T2.
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Ukuxhuma oxhumana naye ngekhoyili ku-220 v
Lapho uxhuma amandla esigaba esisodwa ukulethwa kwamandla akho kwikhoyili, akunandaba ukuthi kuphetha kanjani zero, futhi yisiphi isigaba. Ungawela izintambo. Ngisho njalo isigaba sisebenza ku-A2, ukuze kube lula, lokhu kuxhumana kwambulwa ngaphansi kwecala. Futhi kwezinye izikhathi kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa, kanye ne- "zero" xhuma ku-A1.
Kepha, njengoba uqonda, umdwebo onjalo wokuxhuma i-magnetic starter akulula kakhulu - ungafafaza futhi ngqo kusuka kumthombo wamandla ngokubopha i-switch ejwayelekile. Kepha kunezindlela eziningi ezithokozisayo. Isibonelo, kungenzeka ukunikeza amandla ikhoyili mayelana nokudluliselwa kwesikhathi noma inzwa ekhanyiselwe, nakuthi oxhumana nabo xhuma umugqa wokukhanyisa ongaphandle. Kulokhu, lesi sigaba siphendulwa oxhumana naye L1, futhi zero zingathathwa ngokuxhuma kwisixhumi esilandelwayo se-Coil Outlet (esithombeni esingenhla kungu-A2).
Isikimu esine- "Start" kanye ne- "STOP" izinkinobho
Iziqalo zikamabuthe zivame ukusethwa ukuvula imoto kagesi. Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukusebenza kule modi nge "Qala" kanye ne- "STOP" izinkinobho. Zifakwe njalo ecaleni lokuhlinzekwa kwesigaba ekuphumeni kwamakhoyili kazibuthe. Kulokhu, uhlelo lubukeka njengesibalo esingezansi. Qaphela ukuthi
I-Magnetic Starter Shintsha isijikelezo esinezinkinobho
Kepha ngale ndlela yokufakwa, i-Starter izosebenza kuphela isikhathi kuze kube yilapho inkinobho ethi "Start" iyagcinwa, futhi lokhu akuyona into edingekayo ukuze usebenze ngenjini yesikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, okuthiwa yichungechunge lokuzibona lungezwe ohlelweni. Kusetshenziswa kusetshenziswa oxhumana nabo abasizayo ku-No 13 futhi akukho okuqalisa okungu-14, okuxhumeke ngokufana nenkinobho yokuqalisa.
Umdwebo wokuxhumeka we-magnetic Starter ngekhoyili ku-220 v kanye ne-chain yebanga
Kulokhu, ngemuva kokubuyisa inkinobho yokuqala esimweni sayo sokuqala, amandla ayaqhubeka nokugeleza ngalaba bantu abavaliwe, ngoba uzibuthe usuvele ukhangwa. Futhi amandla anikwa amandla kuze kube yilapho umjikelezo udwengulwe ngokucindezela ukhiye we- "STOP" noma ukhiye wokudlulisa okushisayo, uma lokho kungumdwebo.
Ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla kwenjini noma yimuphi omunye umthwalo (isigaba kusuka ku-220 v) kuhlinzekwa kunoma yibaphi oxhumana nabo abakhonjiswe yincwadi l, futhi isuswa ekuxhumaneni noMsombuluko.
Kuboniswa imininingwane lapho ukulandelana okungcono ukuxhuma izintambo kuvidiyo elandelayo. Umehluko wonke ukuthi akuzona izinkinobho ezimbili ezihlukile, kepha okuthunyelwe inkinobho yokucindezela noma isiteshi se-push-inkinobho. Esikhundleni se-voltmeter, ungaxhuma injini, iphampu, ukukhanyisa, noma iyiphi insiza esebenza kusuka ku-220 V.
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Ukuxhuma injini ye-asynchronous ku-380 v ngokusebenzisa i-Starter engama-220 kuya-steer
Lolu hlelo luyehluka kuphela kulokho luxhumeke koxhumana nabo L1, L2, l3 izigaba ezintathu kanye nezigaba ezintathu zilayishwa. Ku-reel - oxhumana nabo A1 noma i-A2 - Isigaba esisodwa sizoqala (iningi lezigaba lizoqala (ikakhulukazi lesi sigaba ngokulayisha okuncane), oxhumana naye wesibili uxhumekile ku-zero wire. I-jumper nayo ifakwe ukuze kugcinwe ukunikezwa kwamandla kwekhoyili ngemuva kokuthi kukhishwe inkinobho yokuqala.
Umdwebo wokuxhumeka wemoto yesigaba ezintathu ngokusebenzisa isisusa esingu-220
Njengoba ubona, uhlelo alukashintshi. Kuphela kwangezwa ukudluliselwa okushisayo okuvikela injini ekushiseni ngokweqile. Ukuhleleka komhlangano kuvidiyo elandelayo. Umhlangano weqembu lokuxhumana kuphela ohlukaniswe - konke ukudayela kwesigaba kuxhunyiwe.
I-Revibles motor Ukuxhuma Kwezimoto ngokusebenzisa iziqalo
Kwezinye izimo, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukujikeleza kwenjini kuzo zombili izinkomba. Isibonelo, ukusebenza i-Winch, kwezinye izimo. Ushintsho ekuqondisweni kokujikeleza kwenzeka ngenxa yokudluliselwa kwezigaba - lapho uxhuma omunye wabaqalayo, izigaba ezimbili kufanele zishintshwe (ngokwesibonelo, izigaba B no c). Isikimu siqukethe iziqalo ezimbili ezifanayo kanye nebhulokhi lenkinobho elifaka inkinobho yokumisa ejwayelekile kanye nezinkinobho ezimbili "emuva" nezinkinobho "phambili".
Umdwebo wokuxhumeka oguqukayo wemoto yesigaba ezintathu ngokusebenzisa iziqalo ze-magnetic
Ukwandisa ukuphepha, okudluliselwe okushisayo kwengezwa ngokuthi yiziphi izigaba ezimbili ezidlula, okwesithathu zinikezwa ngokuqondile, selokhu kuvikelwe ngaphezulu kwamabili ukwenele.
Iziqalo zingaba ngekhoyili ku-380 v noma i-220 v (ekhonjiswe kwizici ezisembozweni). Uma kungu-220 v, esinye sezigaba (noma yikuphi) kuhlinzekwa koxhumana nabo bekhoyili, futhi "zero" kusuka esihlangu kusetshenzelwa okwesibili. Uma ikhoyili ingu-380 v, noma yiziphi izigaba zikhonzwa kulo.
Futhi qaphela ukuthi ucingo oluvela enkingeni yamandla (kwesokudla noma kwesobunxele) alusetshenziswa ngokushesha kwikhoyili, kepha ngokusebenzisa oxhumana nabo abavalelwe njalo kwelinye i-Starter. Eduze kwekhoyili labaqalayo kuboniswe oxhumana nabo km1 ne-km2. Ngakho-ke, kusetshenziswa ukhiye kagesi, okungakuvumeli ukuthi usebenzise abaxhumana nabo ababili ngasikhathi sinye.
I-Magnetic Starter enenvuzo yokuxhumana efakwe kuyo
Njengoba oxhumana nabo abavame ukuvalwa abakavaliwe bonke abaqalayo, ungazithatha ngokufaka ibhulokhi eyengeziwe noxhumana nabo, okubizwa nangokuthi isiqalo sokuxhumana. Lesi siqalo singena kubaphathi abakhethekile, amaqembu ayo oxhumana nawo asebenza ngokubambisana namaqembu esakhiwo esikhulu.
Ividiyo elandelayo isebenzisa umdwebo wokuxhuma umqali kazibuthe nge-reverse ku-booth yakudala esebenzisa imishini yakudala, kepha inqubo yonke icacile.