Ukuthenga inqubo entsha, bambalwa abantu ababheka izidingo zokuhlinzekwa kwamandla, futhi ngeze. Ezindlini ezindala, lapho ufaka ubuchwepheshe obunamandla, kunezinkinga: kungadingeka ukudonsa umugqa ohlukile. Ngakho-ke ukuxhuma iphaneli yokupheka ukuze ulondoloze iwaranti kudinga ukuhambisana nazo zonke izidingo ze-pue. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udinga umugqa onikezelwe ngesigaba esihambisanayo socingo, nge-automaton evikelayo efakwe kulayini. Lomugqa ungaphela nge-outlet ekhethekile futhi ungaba ibhokisi elibulalayo. Uma isokhethi lifakiwe, ikhebula elivela ebusweni bokupheka kufanele liphele ngemfoloko yamandla, lapho ufaka ibhokisi elibulalayo, iziphetho zezintambo zigcwele iziqeshana, ungazigcwalisa bese uziguqula zibe yindandatho.
Siyaqonda ukuthi ungaxhuma kanjani indawo yokupheka
Izinhlelo zokuxhumana zephaneli ezifudumele
Cishe zonke izinhlobo ezintsha zezindawo zokupheka ezenziwe zaseYurophu zingaxhunyaniswa kumanethiwekhi anezigaba ezahlukahlukene. Ezweni lethu kunezindinganiso ezimbili: inethiwekhi yesigaba esisodwa esingu-220 v kanye nesigaba ezintathu 380 V. Kwezinye izindlu 220V, kunezigaba ezimbili. Uma sikhuluma ngenombolo nemibala yezintambo, khona-ke kungaba yini:
- Inethiwekhi Engayedwa-Isigaba 220 V.
- Abaqhubi ababili. Kutholakala ezindlini zesakhiwo esidala. Kulokhu, izintambo zombala ofanayo zivame. Ungathola isigaba usebenzisa i-Preser (i-Screwdriver ye-LED) noma umhloli. Kulula ukusebenza nge-Probe: Uma uma uthinta uphenyo ngengxenye ethwala njengamanje, amalambu aholayo - lesi yisigaba uma kungenjalo - ungathathi hlangothi (zero).
- Izintambo ezintathu. Imvamisa, izintambo zinemibala. Ubomvu noma onsundu yisigaba, esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - zero (hlangothi), okuphuzi-luhlaza okotshani - umhlaba. Uma izintambo ziyefana, isigaba siwukuphenya, futhi ukuthola ukungathathi hlangothi kuzodingeka ukuthi ubheke i-multimeter noma umhloli.
- Inethiwekhi 220 V ngezigaba ezimbili. Lokhu sekuvele kuphela ezakhiweni ezintsha, kepha akuvamile ukutholakala. Izintambo zesigaba kuleli cala amnyama amnyama ansundu, angathathi hlangothi, njengenjwayelo, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomhlaba - okuluhlaza okotshani.
- Ukuxhumeka kwezigaba ezintathu 380 V. Lapho ukubuka imibala kungathathi hlangothi nomhlaba kunombala ojwayelekile, futhi izigaba ziluhlaza okotshani obomvu noma ngaphandle kwesinye isilinganiso esimnyama esimnyama.
Izinketho zokuxhumeka kwenye yamamodeli
Ukuze wenze iphutha, noma ngabe ubona wonke amagama aqanjwe, kungcono ukubheka konke (ucingo): Imvamisa abakhi badidekile lapho befaka. Ukuze kungabikho nkathazo, hlola futhi sisayine (hang tags).
Ubungako bamaphaneli okupheka ukuthi bavame ukuhamba ngaphandle kwentambo yenethiwekhi. Akuveli ngokuhaha kwabakhiqizi, kepha ngoba bangakwazi ukuxhumana nezinhlelo eziningana ezisetshenziswa kusuka kwabathathu (sinazo kusuka kwezimbili) kuya kwezintambo eziyisithupha. Ngoba izintambo zokuxhuma kumamitha wamandla, kuyadingeka ukuthenga ikhebula lenethiwekhi. Kuthatha isigaba esifanayo njengasekupheleni kwamanzi, kuphela kuyinto elula kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-Dranded - zigcwele kahle.
Ungaxhuma kanjani izintambo ebhokisini lokuhlangana Funda lapha.
Xhuma kunethiwekhi yesigaba esisodwa
Kuvela imibuzo eminingi uma kunesidingo ukuxhuma iphaneli yokupheka kagesi kwinethiwekhi ka-220 V. Ngokuvamile iphaneli lineziphetho ezi-6: Isigaba sabathathu (zero) N1 ne-N2 neTaring Pe, futhi efulethini ezintathu kuphela noma ngokuvamile izintambo ezimbili (ezindlini zesakhiwo esidala). Akukwethusa - kuyadingeka ukufaka ama-jumpers, kepha okokuqala sifuna lapho ama-terminals atholakala khona kwiphaneli yokupheka.
Iphaneli elincane elineziphetho lingakwenza ngaphezulu kobuso, futhi mhlawumbe lihleliwe
Ukufika ezihlahleni, sithola isembozo esincane ngemuva. Kungaba yinsimbi noma ipulasitiki, enamathiselwe emzimbeni ngezikulufo noma ukuvalwa. Susa. Ngaphakathi kukhona ibhulokhi ye-terminal enoxhumana nabo abayisithupha. Uma izintambo ezisefulethini zingamathathu, ama-hobs ahlanganiswe noxhumana nabo:
- Izintambo ezintathu zesigaba ndawonye (L1, L2, L3);
- ukungathathi hlangothi kabili N1 no-N2;
- Umhlaba (oluhlaza) ucingo luxhumeka emhlabathini.
Uma imishini ithengwe esitolo, kufanele ize nama-jumpers akhuphukile, ahlanganisa zonke izintambo ezicacisiwe. Izintambo zentambo yenethiwekhi zixhunyiwe kuleli cala eqenjini ngalinye loxhumana nabo: munye kuya esigabeni, munye - ukungathathi hlangothi, kanye nophuzi - okuluhlaza - kuya emhlabathini.
Ukuxhuma iphaneli yokupheka kugridi yamandla: ngakho-ke kufanele ama-jumpers wenethiwekhi eyodwa engu-220 v
Uma ama-jumpers elahlekile endaweni ethile, ungabenza bavela ocingweni lwethusi ngesigaba esingu-6 mm2. Ukuyixhumanisa elula ngokwengeziwe, sebenzisa amathiphu wokusebenzisa - imfoloko noma iringi, nobani elula ngokwengeziwe. Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukufezela izintambo ezinomswakama ama-multi, futhi kusuka emthanjeni owodwa kulula ukugoba izindandatho.
Izeluleko Ezizodwa Zethusi
Ngezintambo ezintathu kunethiwekhi 220, ukuxhumana kwephaneli yokupheka kuzobukeka njengesithombe esingezansi. Uyacelwa uqaphele: "Umhlaba" Ucingo uxhuma kuthintana naphezulu wesokhethi, lesi sigaba singalunga noma sishiywe - asibalulekanga kangako, kepha izintambo ezitolo kufanele zihlukaniswe. Akunakwenzeka.
Umdwebo wokuxhumeka kwephaneli yokupheka kunethiwekhi eyodwa
Uma izintambo ezivela kumitha zifika ezimbili kuphela, ungangena ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Yenza umjikelezo ohlukile womhlaba
- "Umhlaba" awusebenzi nhlobo.
Ukufaka i-Ground Loop kuyadingeka uma ufuna ukonga iwaranti: Uma uxhumeke ngaphandle kokubeka phansi, akuvumelekile futhi nganoma yimuphi umonakalo kwiphaneli yokupheka (ngisho nomshado ocacile wefektri) ekubuyiselweni kwewaranti ukuze usebenze ngokusebenza kwenqatshelwe.
Ungaxhuma kanjani iphaneli yokupheka 4 izintambo
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-electrolux (i-electrolux) ne-zanussi (zanussi) zihambe ngentambo efakiwe. Kubukeka sengathi kuhle, kepha kunezintambo ezine: zero, umhlaba kanye nezigaba ezimbili (emnyama no-brown). Uma kukhona ezintathu zazo efulethini - akukacaci ukuthi yini futhi kufanele unikeze kuphi: Ukuxhuma ucingo olungamakhesi amane kusuka kuphaneli lokupheka linama-panel alo.
Ungaxhuma kanjani uma izintambo ezi-4 zivela ebusweni bokupheka, bese kuthi endaweni yokugcina yabo
Kulokhu, futhi ufike endaweni yama-terminals ngemuva kwecala. Isembozo kumamodeli anjalo, hhayi kuma-bolts, kodwa ku-clip. Vele woza nesikulufu.
Ukuvula ibhokisi, funa "umhlaba" (ophuzi-luhlaza). Eduze kwayo kuyi-jumper kungene kabili. Sithatha futhi sihlanganise okuphuma kwesigaba ezimbili - L1 no-L2 (abaqhubi bamamnyama nabansundu) baxhunyiwe. Ukuba nobuthakathaka obuncane oxhumana nabo (ukuguqula izikulufo nge-screwdriver), faka i-jumper, ngemuva kokuthi oxhumana nabo baqiniswa. Konke okunye ngaphandle kokushintsha. Ngokuzayo, lapho ipulaki lixhunyiwe, kusetshenziswa i-wire brown kuphela, kanti omnyama u-inlate (kangcono - ishubhu lokushisa ukushisa).
Ungaxhuma kanjani i-RJ-45 online Outlet bese ufunda isixhumi lapha.
Ukuxhuma iphaneli yokupheka kunethiwekhi yesigaba ezintathu 380 v
Ukuxhuma iphaneli yokupheka kunethiwekhi yesigaba 3, ikhebula labaqhubi bethusisi abahlanu ngesigaba esingu-2,5 mm2 siyadingeka. I-single-core noma i-stranded - kuyakhethwa.
Kulokhu, i-jumper iyadingeka kuphela kwizintambo ezimbili ezingathathi hlangothi - N1 no-N2 (kwamanye amamodeli kukhona kuphela ukubizwa kwedijithali, kunokukhipha okungu-4 no-5). Awudingi ukushintsha noma yini esigabeni izintambo: Isigaba ngasinye sixhumekile esinye sezintambo zesigaba.
Ikhebula lokuxhuma iphaneli yokupheka kunethiwekhi yesigaba ezintathu
Intambo ingaba nombala onjengalesi sithombe, futhi mhlawumbe nokunye. Ngokwesigaba sesigaba sesibili, imibala yile: obomvu, ophuzi, oluhlaza. Lokhu akubalulekile kangako. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhuma zonke izintambo kwimfoloko, futhi ungazididali endaweni yokuphuma.
Ungayixhuma kanjani ipulaki kwiphaneli yokupheka ye-380 v
Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi kulokhu kungathathi hlangothi kuxhunyiwe phezulu, umhlaba uphansi, kanye nezintambo zesigaba phakathi. I-oda elifanayo kufanele liphindwe endaweni yokuphuma.
Uma kunentambo kusuka kumikhuba emi-4 emishini, enye yezigaba ku-plug imane ayisetshenziswa. Yini efanayo, ungasebenzisi nje indawo efanayo endaweni yokuphuma.
I-220V ngezigaba ezimbili
Uma izintambo ezine zifika efulethini nasephaneli - konke kulula. Xhuma imibala efanele. Izingxoxo ngokuvamile azenzeki: Izigaba - ezimnyama nezinsundu, zero - eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uMhlaba - Umbala oluhlaza. Kuvela ubunzima uma imiphumela eyisithupha noma intambo ihamba nezintambo ezinhlanu.
Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi uqagele, izigaba ezimbili zihlanganiswa. Amandla ahlala futhi ahlanganisa ukungathathi hlangothi okubili (uma kukhona). Konke okunye kuxhuma koxhumana nabo be-plug.
Xhuma kwinethiwekhi yesigaba ezimbili
Indawo iyafana: phezulu kokungathathi hlangothi, phansi kuwumhlaba, phakathi kwesigaba. Ungakhohlwa, ukuthi yimuphi umkhiqizo wesigaba ongenalutho ukuze ungaphinde wenze kabusha.
Ikhebula nokukhethwa okuzenzakalelayo
Njengoba usuvele uqonda, kuzofanela ubeke umugqa ohlukile kusuka esihlatweni uye kwiphaneli yokupheka. Ngokunokwenzeka uzokubeka ifihlekile, ebhokisini, ukulungiswa noma unhlangothi. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ikhebula lethusi kuphela:
- Kwinethiwekhi yesigaba esisodwa emandleni emishini kagesi evela ku-5.5 Kw to 7.7 KW Cable ngesigaba esisezingeni eliphansi le-vein 6 mm2 (WG 3 * 6 noma ama-PVS 3 * 6);
- Okwesigaba ezintathu ukuya kumandla, 16.4 KW kwanele 5 * 2.5 mm2 (Kuvb 5 * 2.5 noma kgvv 5 * 2.5);
Ngemuva kokusuka kumitha, kufanele ufake umshini. Le mfuneko iyaphoqelekile. Kusekhona izincomo - ukuvikela imishini futhi kuqinisekise ukuphepha okufanele ukufaka i-RCD (idivaysi yokuvala ngokuvikela). Iqembu elinjalo likuvumela ukuthi ucime amandla hhayi kuphela uma ulayisha ngokweqile (automatics Works), kodwa futhi nezinkinga zokufaka izingodo (i-RCD ibangelwa). UZO - Into akuyona eshibhile, kepha iphaneli yokupheka ibiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungasindi.
Izinhlelo zokuxhumana zephaneli yokupheka kumamitha kagesi
Mayelana namapharamitha ale mishini:
- Kwinethiwekhi yesigaba esisodwa, sithatha umshini othomathikhi we-32, i-UZO 40 A ene-shutdown ehlukile yamanje ye-30 MA.
- Kwesigaba esithathu - Idivaysi ethomathikhi 16 A ne-UZO ngo-25 a anokuvalwa okuhlukile kwamanje kwama-30 Ma.
Zixhumeke phakathi kwazo nezingxenye zezintambo zesigaba esifanayo (uhlelo esithombeni esingenhla): Kunethiwekhi 220 v 6 mm2, kunethiwekhi ye-380 v 2.5 mm2.
Umshini kanye no-UZO uxhumano
Mayelana nomhlangano wesivikelo sikagesi kwenze ngokwakho lapha.
Isokhethi nemfoloko
Ukuxhuma iphaneli yokupheka kufanele kwenziwe kusetshenziswa izitolo zamandla kanye neForks noma ibhokisi elibulalayo. Izitolo zamandla kanye nemfoloko zenzelwe ama-currents ngaphezulu kwe-10 a, eyenziwe ngeplastiki ekhethekile, kungaba nesivalo. Umthetho wokukhethwa ulula: Amanje alinganiselwe alinganiselwe akufanele abe ngaphansi kwamanje emshinini. Okungukuthi, ukuxhumanisa i-gesi kagesi ku-7.7 KW kunethiwekhi yesigaba esisodwa sithatha ama-32 a, esigabeni sesithathu - ngo-16 A.
Ungayenza kanjani ama-rosette nama-plugs wephaneli yokupheka
Akukho okujwayelekile, ngakho-ke ukwakheka nendawo yezikhonkwane kungahluka, kubalulekile ukuthi inani elidingekayo loxhumana nabo kanye nezimpawu zikagesi zifanelekile. Sula ibhizinisi: Kungcono ukwethemba imikhiqizo efakazelwe, hhayi imikhiqizo yaseChina.
Ungaxhuma ikhebula kusuka kuthuluzi bese uyondla ebhokisini elibulalayo. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi uxhumano olungeyonaki, "ngqo" noma "ngqo". Kuthembeke kakhulu, kepha ukucisha ipuleti kuzodingeka ukuthi uye kusihlangu sikagesi bese ucisha inkinobho ku-RCD noma ngomshini.
Ibhokisi elibulalayo lenethiwekhi yesigaba ezintathu
Ukuxhumeka kwesigaba ezintathu, kungcono ukusebenzisa iSchneider Electric 92x100x37 IP44 40A (KLK-5S) Box. Akashibhile, kepha ethembekile futhi abukeka ehloniphekile: Awukwazi ukucasha. Ingasetshenziselwa nenethiwekhi ka-220 v - ucingo olunesigaba esingu-6 mm2 kuma-terminals kuzoba yizigaba ezengeziwe zizomane zingenalutho. Ngokuxhumeka, izintambo zifakwa emigodini etholakala ohlangothini, futhi ziqiniswa yizincwadi ezinama-nozzles abonakala esithombeni.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ngamabili aphezulu ngakolunye uhlangothi koxhumana nabo bezigaba zokuxhuma (1,2). Ngezansi - Okomhlaba nangomuntu ongathathi hlangothi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ikhebula lokuphakelayo liqalisiwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi - kusuka ku-pula kagesi.
Uma ufisa, ungagcina futhi uthenge ibhlokhi elula, kepha ngoxhumana nabo abahle kakhulu kanye nebhokisi eliseceleni eliphakathi nendawo.
Inketho ilula
Izintambo ezinkomeni ezinjalo zixhunyiwe kalula: izindandatho (njengasesithombeni esingenhla) zakhiwa kusuka ekugcineni okususiwe kocingo lwethusi, olufakwe kwizikulufo ezincane ezinabo. I-wire ifakwe kwisokhethi, oxhumana naye uqiniswa nge-screwdriver.
Uma ucingo lukhubazekile, indandatho evela kuyo iyinkinga. Ngemuva kwalokho ungasebenzisa amathiphu (izithombe ekuqaleni kwendatshana). Bahlehliswa ngemikhaza (ingathathelwa indawo yindima).
Zonke lezi zinto ezinhle kakhulu. Manje ukuxhumana okuzimele kwephaneli yokupheka ngeke kube yinkinga. Umthetho ofanayo usebenza futhi lapho uxhuma amanye amasu amandla afanayo. Ngokunamandla kangako, kuzodingeka kuphela ukuthatha ingxenye encane yesiphambano yabaqhubi kanye nenani elincane le-Automata.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ukugxotshwa kwama-seams we-plasterboard: izinto namasu