Isisekelo esithembekile sifuna ukuba nakho konke ngaphandle kokuhlukile. Futhi enye ethembeke kakhulu futhi ebonakalayo ibhande. Kepha iMonolithic Belt Foundation yakhelwe ende: kuphela emhlanganweni wamaqabunga amafomu avela ezinsukwini ezintathu, futhi namanje ukuhlanganisa ukufakwa, ukhonkolo bese ulinda izinsuku ezimbalwa uze uzuze okungenani uhhafu wamandla. Kuzothatha okungenani amasonto amabili noma amathathu. Yebo, uma kunesimo sesikhathi, futhi uma kungenjalo? Kukhona indlela yokuphuma: Abantu abahlakaniphile baqhamuka nengxenye yomsebenzi ukudlulisela ebhizinisini - Kukhona amabhlogo kakhonkolo - FBS. Kulaba, isisekelo siyaqashwa kabusha, esibizwa ngebhande lebhendi. Isisekelo esivela kuma-FBS kulula ukuwenza ube ngokwakho.
Lapho usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obunjalo, isisekelo siqoqwa kusuka emabhulokini akhonkolo aqinisiwe ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene nosayizi. Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-block noma iqembu. Konke lokhu kunguhlobo olufanayo.
Izinzuzo nobubi
I-Plust ebaluleke kakhulu yebhande lebhande elivela kuma-FBS liwumthombo omncane wesikhathi esidingekayo ukuze akhiqize. Umhlangano uthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ububi obukhulu: akuyona i-monolithic, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukubeka yonke indawo futhi hhayi njalo. Imvamisa kukhona izimbambo ezenzelwe amabhlogo avela emabhulokeni e-Dry, angathambekele emhlabathini ononile. Ngaphansi kweminye imibandela, ukubalwa kuyadingeka, futhi okungcono - uchwepheshe.
Isisekelo se-Slock Block
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izisekelo ezenziwa kabusha kumele zibe ziphikisana ngokucophelela futhi zifakwe. Kuyadingeka futhi ukwenza ikhefu elifudumele. Lezi yizimo ezidingekayo zokusebenza kwazo okujwayelekile.
Uma siqhathanisa iRibibo Monolithic ne-block isisekelo, khona-ke isithombe esinjalo siyakhonjwa:
- IMonolithic yakhelwe isikhathi eside, ibhlokhi - ngokushesha.
- I-monolithic ribbon ingenziwa ngaphandle kokuqasha imishini ekhethekile (yize kunzima ukwenza ngaphandle kwe-oda kakhonkolo). Ukuqoqa isisekelo kusuka kuma-FB ngezandla zabo, uzodinga ukuqasha i-crane, noma okungenani i-winch.
- Uma wenza isisekelo se-monolithic ngokwakho, kubiza kushibhile kune-block. Uma abasebenzi abaqashiwe noma umsebenzi oqinile, kuzokubiza, kunalokho, kubiza kakhulu: umthamo womsebenzi ungaphezulu, futhi lezi zindleko ezengeziwe.
- I-Monolith ihlala isikhathi eside kuneqembu lesizwe. Amandla acishe abe ngu-20-30% ngaphezulu. Lokhu kuyakuvumela ukusebenzisa iribhoni le-monolithic ku-loam nobumba.
Ngezindlela eziningi, itheyiphu ye-monolithic iwina. Kepha uma amandla nokuthembela kwawo ngeke kufunwa, khona-ke ukukhiqizwa kwalo kumane kulahlekelwe isikhathi seze. Lapho kusebenza osonkontileka, lokhu kungukuchitha imali. Ngoba inhlabathi inomthamo ojwayelekile wokuthwala, futhi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba awonakalisi ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2 ukusuka ekujuleni okudingekayo kwesisekelo, kuyenengqondo ukubeka indlu kwiNational Foundation.
Izinga lezisekelo: Izinhlobo, ubukhulu, ukumaka
Ekwakhiweni kwangasese, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo eziningi zamabhulokhi. Ngedivayisi yesisekelo se-tap Premium Foundation kuvame ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela:
- I-FBS iyunithi lesisekelo. Ukwakha okuqinile. Lapho bexoxa nge-block enjalo yebhlokhi, kungukukhonkothelwa, kukhonkolo okuqinisiwe (ngento eqinisiwe) ngaphandle kwe-voids. Lezi amabhlogo anxande osayizi abahlukahlukene, abe nokufaka insimbi yensimbi endaweni engenhla. Kwesinye isikhathi ohlangothini lwezinhlangothi, iziteshi ezimile zibunjiwe, ezigcwele isisombululo. Kula mabhlokhi, i-ribbon yesisekelo igoqwa.
- Fl - amabhlogo we-Piclew. Ube nohlobo lwe-trapezium. Hlala emhlabathini olungiselelwe futhi ukhonze ukwandisa umthamo wokuthela.
Izinhlobo zamabhulokhi wesisekelo azodingeka eqoqweni leBelt Foundation
Lapho kudala i-Belt Foundation, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngamathrekhi okubeka nokufingqa amasistimu wobunjiniyela: Ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi, indle, ugesi, ukufudumeza. Akumele ukhohlwe ngohlelo lokupholiselana bese ushiya izimbobo ngaphansi komkhiqizo ukuze zingene isikhala esingaphansi komhlaba noma esingaphansi. Kulokhu, amabhlokhi anesiteshi sokubeka ezokuxhumana kungaba wusizo: FBB.
Ubukhulu nezinhlobo zamabhulokhi kulawulwa yi-Gost 13579-78. Ngomthuthukisi wangasese, usayizi nezici zokusebenza kubalulekile. Lesi sithombe esingezansi sibonisa ingxenye yeZinga lapho izinhlobo zinqunywa ngosayizi.
Ukuvezwa okuvela ku-gost, ukuhlanganisa usayizi we-Foundation Blocks
Ukumaka ngokuya nge-gost
Ukwenza kube lula ukuzula ngokucaciswa, ngamagama amabhlogo afanayo anolwazi ngosayizi wawo nohlobo.
Izinkulumo zokuqala. Okulandelayo - Amanani achaza i-geometry emasimini ;.
- Okokuqala - ubude (9, 12,24);
- Owesibili (ngedeshi noma iphuzu) ububanzi (3,4,5,6);
- Okwesithathu - Ukuphakama (3.6);
Ukumaka kwamabhulokhi kakhonkolo wesisekelo
Uma kukhona ubude nobubanzi, ukuphakama kwe-FBS kuvame ukuba ngu-580 mm (kulebula "6"). Yenza amabhlogo ngokuphakama kwe-280 mm kungaba ngaphansi kwe-oda.
Okulandelayo, ngemuva kwezibalo kukhona ukuqanjwa kwezinhlamvu zezinhlamvu zekhonkolo:
- T isindayo (ingxubevange yesimende ye-centment enemfucumfucu). Iyunithi eliphakeme kakhulu eliphakeme. Lolu hlobo lusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezisekelo.
- P - i-porous nge-aggregate of ceramzitobetone. Iba nesisindo esincane, kepha namandla amancane, futhi ne-hygroscopic eyengeziwe.
- C - Ukusuka kukhonkolo osindayo (Isisekelo se-Binder - Lime). Lolu hlobo lwamabhulokhi luyesaba ukumanzisa, ngoba alusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezisekelo.
Isibonelo, ama-FBS 24.4.6 -T aqedwe: I-block eyindilinga yekhonkolo ephezulu ye-descrete eqinisiwe. Ubude 2380 mm, ububanzi obungama-400 mm, ukuphakama 580 mm. Nge-analoory, unganquma okunye ukuqokwa.
Osayizi bamabhlokhi we-FBS ngokusho kwe-gost
Ukubekwa kwamabhulokhi we-FBS
Ukukhethwa kobubanzi be-block kungenxa yobukhulu bezindonga ezitholakala ngenhla. Ubude bamabhulokhi bukhethiwe ukuze bahlale, uma kungenzeka, yonke itheyipu. Kodwa ngisho nabakhi abanolwazi ekukhetheni amabhlokhi banephutha: ezinye izindawo ezingafakwanga zihlala, lapho izici ezincane kakhulu zingabi khona (zibizwa ngokuthi zinhle). Lezi zingosi zivame ukusondela ezitini ku-usimende kasimende. Uma ama-masonry avela engalingani, khona-ke kuyakuphawula: kuzoba lula kakhulu ukusebenzisa amanzi nokungena kwamanzi.
Imvamisa, i-Belt Foundation iqukethe imigqa eminingana yamabhulokhi. Inani labo elithile lincike ekuphakameni okudingekayo kwetheyipu. Imvamisa ibeka ngaphansi kokujula kwenhlabathi. Kubhekwe nokuphakama okudingekayo kwesisekelo.
Isisekelo se-Slock Block. Lapho ubeka amabhlokhi - imicamelo, ezinye izindawo zihlala zingenalutho. Zihlanganisiwe ngemuva kokufakwa
Lapho ufaka amabhlogo kakhonkolo wanoma yiluphi uhlobo, umthetho ofanayo usetshenziswa lapho isitini silele: umthungo akufanele uhambisane. Kulokhu, zibekwe ukuze umthungo wemugqa wangaphambili weqe umzimba ukuvikeleka komzimba emugqeni olandelayo. Izikhawu (imishini emile mpo) phakathi kokuma eduze kwezinto zigcwele isixazululo sikasimende-sandy.
Ukunikeza ukwakheka kwamandla amakhulu futhi ku-ligament yawo wonke amabhlogo ohlelweni olulodwa, ukufakwa kufakwe emgqeni ngamunye. Ngokuya ngohlobo lomhlabathi nesisindo sesakhiwo, i-rod class A-I - A-III iyasetshenziswa. Inani lezinduku linqunywa yi-design lapho liklama, lingasukela ezingxenyeni ezi-2 kuye kweziyi-5. Lapho ubeka futhi uxhuma ibha, yonke imithetho yokuqiniswa kwe-Ribbon Foundation ihambisana nokubopha kwama-engeli, ukulula kwenzeka kuhlelo olufanayo. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi ibhande lokuqinisa linye. Phezu kwebhande lokuqinisa, ungqimba wekhambi uhlanganiswe, kulo, ngokuhanjiswa komthungo, kubekiwe amabhlokhi alandelayo.
Ukuthola isisekelo kusuka ku-FBS ngezandla zabo, kuyaqiniswa
Ngokuhambisana nale mithetho, iqoqo lebhande lebhande lizobe lihlala isikhathi eside futhi lithembeke.
Sizokwakha isisekelo kuma-FBS ngezandla zakho
Ubuchwepheshe bokwakha iSisekelo Sikazwelonke, ikakhulukazi esigabeni sokulungiselela, akuhlukile kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo: okokuqala ukumba ifindo. Umehluko ekujuleni okuncane kwabasebenzi kwe-tepi uqobo futhi ukuthi akudingekile ukwenza umsebenzi wamafomu.
Ukulungiselela isisekelo ngaphansi kweBlock Foundation Standard:
- Ungqimba oluvundile lomhlaba lususwa, luthunyelwa ngaphandle noma olugcinwe esizeni.
- Okulandelayo kuza uMarkup. Uma kungaphansi kwendlu engaphansi kuhlinzekwe endlini, kufakwa i-perimeter uma isitezi esingaphansi kwesisekelo asikho - isethi ibekwe. Ukumaka kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izikhonkwane nezintambo. Iteyipu igujwa nhlangothi zombili, okubonisa ububanzi bodonga.
- Okulandelayo kungumsebenzi womhlaba. Inhlabathi isuswe ezingeni elihleliwe.
- Phansi komgodi noma umsele kuyaqondaniswa futhi ku-pre-tram.
Lapho ukuhlanganisa amabhlokhi, ungakhohlwa ukushiya izimbobo zezinhlelo zobunjiniyela: ukwephula isisekelo akwamukeleki
- Isendlalelo sesihlabathi noma i-rubble ilala futhi yadabula kahle kusetshenziswa ama-vibroplites. I-Tampleng Manual ngeke inikeze uphawu oludingekayo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukusebenzisa amapuleti wokudlidliza. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma umthamo wokuphamba kwenhlabathi awuphakeme kakhulu. Ukusebenza okulula okunjalo, njengebhentshi elihlanganisiwe le-sand-gravel, likuvumela ukuthi lithuthuke kakhulu.
- Izendlalelo ezimbili zokufaka amanzi angena ngaphansi kwezisekelo ezihlanganisiwe.
- Kufakiwe Founday blocks-pilews fl. Zibekwe ngokuqondile. Hlola ukunemba kokubekwa yileveli yokwakha noma izinga. Izikhala phakathi kwazo zigcwele isixazululo sikasimende-sandy.
- Ukuqiniswa kugcizelelwe, ngaphezulu kwesendlalelo sesisombululo okungenani esingu-2-3 cm.
- Amabhulokhi we-FBS afakwa ngokufuduka komthungo. Akukho shtion okufanele uhambisane. Ukufuduka okuncane kungukuphakama okungu-0.4 kwebhulokhi okuboniswayo. Uma ama-FBS esebenzisa ukuphakama okungama-580 mm, khona-ke i-Offset kumele ibe ngaphezu kwe-240 mm.
- Uma kukhona omunye umugqa wamabhulokhi, ama-armophoya abuye abekwe futhi nesixazululo kukho.
- Amabhulokhi nawo akhombisa nokuthunyelwa komthungo.
Inani lemigqa lincike ekuphakameni okudingekayo kwesisekelo kanye nokujula okudingekayo kweribhoni. Ukwenza imithetho yokubeka amabhlokhi anenkani ngokuphoqelelwa. Ukuqoqa kuphela isisekelo kusuka kuma-FBS ngezandla zakho, uzothola isisekelo esithembekile salo lonke isakhiwo.
Ungawabeka kanjani ama-FBS
Kunoma yimuphi umugqa, ukubekwa kuqala ngamakhona. Lapho-ke amabhlogo aboniswa ezindaweni zokususwa kwe-sezidoda. Babizwa ngokuthi iBeacon, futhi kubo balingana nabo bonke abanye. I-verticality yombukiso wabo ihloliwe, ukulungiswa kwenziwa uma kunesidingo. Imvamisa, ibhlokhi kufanele livuswe futhi, lihambise futhi libeke endaweni.
Ngemuva kwezezinto ze-beacon ziboniswa, umswakama weluliwe - izintambo ezigxilwe kuzo lapho ufaka amabhlogo alandelayo. Babona imingcele yodonga, futhi ukuze ama-FBS ame ngokulinganayo ahlobene naphakathi kwe-FL BLOCK (Block-Pillow). Ukuphambuka okuvumelekile okuphezulu - 12 mm. Yonke imigqa elandelayo yamabhulokhi nayo isethwe ukukhombisa ngqo ngenhla phakathi.
Lapho ubeka amabhlokhi, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi alingana nenye ngaphandle kwenye ngaphandle kwe-offset enkulu
Izintambo zilula ukwelula ngo-2-3 mm kusukela ezindaweni eziseceleni kwamabhlokhi amakhamulo. Kuzoba lula ukukhombisa. Amabhulokhi aphakathi aboniswa kusuka kwabakhulu: okokuqala abeke yonke into ngobude obungu-2.4 amamitha-2, bese u-1.2 bese u-0.9. Ukunemba kokufakwa kwabo kuhlolwe okuhlobene nezintambo zokumaka, ngokuqondile - i-plumb.
Ungayikhetha kanjani usayizi wamabhulokhi we-FBS
Nquma ukuthi mangaki amabhlogo owadingayo kwisisekelo sakho, ungakhetha. Ungakwenza ngokwakho esikalini esidonswe esikalini. Ehlelweni uthumela ibhulokhi ngayinye ngezinga elifanayo.
Khetha usayizi wamabhulokhi wesisekelo kusuka ku-FBS, ngokuya ngomthetho olula: ukwandisa amandla e-design, udinga ukusebenzisa osayizi abakhulu bebhulokhi. Ngakho-ke, qala udwebe amabhlogo amamitha angama-2.4 amamitha afakwe emakhoneni, khona-ke, uma abekwe, ukudweba ezindaweni zentuthuko yokulula. Phakathi kwabo, futhi, beka amabhlogo amakhulu angalingana lapho. Lapho bengasenayo, faka usayizi omncane. Uma ezinye izikhawu zihlala lapho ngisho ne-block encane kakhulu (amamitha ayi-0.9) afakwanga, akwanele - lezi zikhala zigcwele izitini maronry.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zebhande ezibekiwe ezivela kuma-FBS - ngomcamelo futhi ngaphandle (itheyiphu efukuza kahle)
Ngendlela efanayo, dweba umugqa wesibili, ungakhohlwa ngokufuduswa komthungo. Uma kunesidingo, ngendlela efanayo Dweba owesithathu. Ngemuva kwalokho ubheka inombolo edingekayo yamabhulokhi ngosayizi ngamunye. Uhlelo oluholeleyo alulahli: luzoba wusizo kuwe lapho ufaka isisekelo sikazwelonke esivele sisendaweni.
Isixazululo se-FBS Masonry
Ukubekwa kwamabhulokhi weSisekelo, kusetshenziswe uhlobo olujwayelekile lwe-CEENT-Sandy M-100 Brand. Ingatholakala kusetshenziswa usimende ohlukile wesibeletho kanye nenani lesihlabathi:
- Engxenyeni yokuqala kasimende m 00000 Thatha izingxenye ezi-2,5 zesihlabathi;
- Engxenyeni e-1 yesemende kasimende m400 isihlabathi sezivele ziyizingxenye ezi-3;
- Lapho usebenzisa isihlabathi m500, izingxenye ezi-4 zigcwele.
Qala uhlanganise izingxenye ezomile ngaphambi kokuthola ukwakheka okuhle nombala. Ngemuva kwalokho izingxenye eziyi-0,5 zamanzi zingezwa kancane kancane. Uma ikhambi litholwa likhulu kakhulu, amanzi aphazanyiswa kancane kancane ezingxenyeni ezincane. Ukuvumelana kufanele kube njengokhilimu omuncu obukhulu: hhayi inhlama, kepha hhayi ukugeleza.
Ungazami ukwandisa inani likasimende. Lokhu ngeke kukhulise amandla kakhonkolo kuphela, njengoba ulindele, futhi kuzoncishiswa kakhulu. Ukusetha inqaba kakhonkolo, kuyadingeka ngenani elichazwe ngokuqinile le-filler (kuleli cala lesihlabathi) namanzi. Ngokuntuleka kwalokho / noma okunye, amandla awo azophansi. Esimweni esibi kakhulu, uzoqhekeka futhi akhuphuke.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Amakhethini okunikeza ngezandla zawo - Izinketho ezilula