Isithombe
Ama-balconies, ama-loggia kanye nezindonga ezibandayo kumongo wobusika baseRussia badinga ukufakwa okushisa. Izinto zokwakha zalokhu kukhona isisindo. Enye yazo i-polyurethane Foam noma i-PPU, njengoba abakhi beyibiza. ERussia, ukufakwa kwaqala ukusetshenziswa muva nje. Lokhu okuqukethwe kusetshenziswa ngokufafaza okulula nokusindisa kahle ukushisa, ngakho-ke emaphethelweni ethu anokhahlo ngokushesha wakuthola ukuthandwa kwawo ngokushesha.
Lonke isakhiwo sagcwala ngokulinganayo ngamabhamuza angenakubalwa umoya, kanye nevolumu yawo, njengomthetho, cishe ama-25% wevolumu eliphelele lomkhiqizo.
EYurophu, i-polyurethane Foam isetshenziswa hhayi iminyaka eyishumi nambili. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa kwezindawo ezindala zeParis, izinsalela ze-PPU ezikhiqizwe ngasekupheleni kwawo-1930s zekhulu leminyaka elidlule zatholakala.
Ekhuluma ngezinto ezibonakalayo uqobo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-polyurethane foam ngokwethembeka ingaphezulu, ngenkathi igcina ukushisa.
Isendlalelo esifaka i-infariting sakhiwa ngokufafaza okulula kwengxube yezinto ezimbili, i-polyol ne-polyisocyate. Ukuxuba, lezi zingxenye zisabela futhi zakha amaseli, ngaphakathi lapho umoya noma i-carbon dioxide engagcinwa khona, ayinabungozi ngokuphelele kubantu, kodwa ukushisa okungahambi kahle.
Izinhlobo ze-PPU ne-Scope
Ukubukwa:
- Ukuvula (i-elastic), ngobuningi be-10-20 kg / m³;
- I-Clocky (Hard), ngobuningi bama-20-30 kg / m³ nangaphezulu, kuze kufike ku-80 kg / m³.
I-Polyurethane Foam izovikela ngokuphelele igumbi ekulahlekelweni kokushisa, futhi libhekane nokubhekana nalo malini.
I-Elastic PPus kuze kufike kuma-90% amaseli avulekile. Ubuningi obuphansi bamhlinzeka ngekhono elithile lokwelula. I-Hard PPUS efinyelela kuma-98% amaseli avaliwe. Lokhu kanye nobukhulu obuphezulu kwenza kube yinto ehlala isikhathi eside ebekiwe.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zisetshenziswa kuma-sphere ahlukene. Uma sikhuluma ngokufafaza ngezinto ezibonakalayo ezingashintsha ubukhulu baso - ngokwesibonelo, izakhiwo zensimbi ezicindezelwe futhi zandiswa lapho amathophu okushisa asetshenziswa i-polyurethane foam. Kubaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni manzi, ukuvikela inhlanganisela yodonga nophahla, ngokufafaza ezindaweni ezinamapulangwe nakwezensimbi, ngokuxhumana nomoya obandayo ngaphandle kwesakhiwo.
I-polyurethane ye-polyurethane (kanzima) isetshenziselwa ukwehlukaniswa kwangaphakathi nomsebenzi ngaphandle kwegumbi. Imvamisa ifakwe ngaphezulu kokhonkolo, usimende kanye nezitini. I-PPU esondelene nayo nayo iyasetshenziswa lapho ifuna ukunikeza ukuqina okungeziwe kohlaka lwezinhlaka. Amandla ayo aphezulu akuvumela ukuthi uqinise kakhulu izinto ezingazinzile. Ama-Pluls kuzo zombili izinhlobo ze-PPU eziningi, futhi ama-Cons ancanyana kakhulu.
Isithunzi
Isidingo esikhulu esivezwa kokuqukethwe okuhloselwe ukufakwa okushisayo kungukusebenza kwe-thermal. Ngokukhuluma ngokomfanekiso, okuncane okuhlanganisiwe, okuncane ukushisa kuzodlula kukho okuqukethwe bese ngiwela emkhathini. Nali itafula elibonisa ngokusobala ukuthi i-polyurethane ayilingani ekufakweni kokushisa:
Isihloko ngesihloko: Amalambu we-Quartz okubulala amagciwane ezakhiwo
| Into uqobo lwayo | I-coeffred Offectivity of thermal |
| I-Polyurene Folider | 0,019 - 0.03. |
| Polystyrere foam | 0.03 - 0.037 |
| Uboya bezimbiwa | 0, 04 - 0.05 |
| Ukhonkolo foam | 0.056 - 0.098 |
Kodwa-ke, i-PPU inezinye izinzuzo. Okungukuthi:
I-Polyurethane Foam Wall Insulation Scheme.
- Ukuvuselelwa okuphansi okushisayo kanye nezakhiwo eziphakeme kakhulu zokufakelwa okushisayo;
- Ukuqinisekisa umsindo, i-hydro kanye ne-vaporizolation;
- ukufaka isicelo sokufafaza nje;
- Ukunamathelisa okuhle, okungukuthi, amandla okukunamathela ngokuthembekile kunoma iyiphi indawo, ngaphandle kwe-teflon ne-silicone;
- Amandla wokunweba, ukugcwalisa ngawo wonke ama-slots nezimbobo, kuze kube yincane kakhulu;
- amandla okuhlukanisa izindawo ezinzima kakhulu, ukucaciswa kwezinhlaka kanye nama-grooves;
- ukuntuleka kwemishini;
- Awekho amabhuloho amabanda namakhaza;
- Ukuvikelwa kwezinto ezibucayi ezivela kumagciwane kanye nesikhunta;
- Ukumelana okuphezulu kwelangabi elivulekile ngenxa yokungezwa kwamalangabi ama-retaar, izinto ezinikeza i-refractory;
- isivinini nokusebenziseka kalula;
- Impilo yesevisi ende - iminyaka engama-20-25.
Kepha inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu ye-polyurethane Foam ubungane bayo obuphakeme bezemvelo. Akasebenzisi i-formaldehyde vapor. Ingenasitayela noma i-asbestos esiyingozi empilweni yabantu.
Okubi
Uhlu Olufushane lwamaminithi PPU anje:
Ukuze ugweme izinkinga zempilo lapho ufafaza i-polyurethane Foam, egqoke umphefumulo, izibuko zokuphepha nezingubo eziqinile.
- intengo ephezulu;
- Ukuzwela ukuqondisa ukukhanya kwelanga. Lapho i-polyurethane Foam ivezwa khona elangeni, isakhiwo salo siqala ukugqashula. Lokhu kunciphisa impilo yenkonzo;
- ukuzwela kokushisa ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo;
- Ukunwetshwa ngokweqile kwe-PPU ephezulu ye-density lapho kufakwa kungqimba eliwugqinsi ngokushesha, hhayi ngokuhlukile, kungaphula umklamo;
- Ingozi yempilo ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo. Enye yezakhi ze-PPU yi-polysocyate - zicasulisa amehlo ama-mucous kanye nepheshana lokuphefumula.
Ukuze i-PPU ingalahlekelwa izimfanelo zayo, ukufudumala phansi kwelanga, ipendwe noma imbozwe ngengubo ekhethekile - ukuswayipha, iphrofayili yokuhlobisa, amaphaneli wokuhlobisa. Futhi ukugwema izinkinga lapho ukufafaza, ukusebenza nge-polyurethane Foam kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze ugweme izinkinga zempilo lapho ufafaza, i-PPU kufanele igqokwe yi-respirator, izibuko zokuphepha kanye nezingubo eziqinile.
Ukushisa kuvulandi lokufuduka
Namuhla kunamathuba ama-2 okufudumeza i-balcony noma indlu ngosizo lwe-PPU. Ungamema inkampani ngokushesha nangobuhle izofakwa ku-polyurethane Foam ezindaweni ezifanele. Kepha kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi akuwona wonke inkampani ezothatha imali uma ubukhulu bomsebenzi buncane kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ungasebenzisa ukufakwa kokufafaza i-PPU ngezandla zakho.Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungasikhetha kanjani ukuchichima kwesakhiwo sendlu yokugezela: Izeluleko eziwusizo
Umsebenzi Ongochwepheshe
Le yindlela enhle yokuphuma. Amafemu abhekene ne-PPUS asebenzisa ama-fough-Power Foam generator afakwe igumbi le-vortex lapho ingcindezi ifinyelela ku-140 ATM. Ingxube enhle etholwe endaweni ephumayo yeChamber yakha ukwakhela isendlalelo sokufakelwa ngokushesha.
Kunosizo lwama-forator anamandla we-foam akhiqiza ukufakwa kwe-pPU kokukhuphuka kwabantu abangu-40, 60 no-80 kg / m³. Namuhla, kusetshenziswa izinto ezinjalo ekukhiqizweni nasekwakhiweni kwezindlu zozimele, lapho ama-50 mm waveza khona izitini eziyi-110 mm.
Njengomthetho, uma ukufakwa kwe-thermal kwenziwa ngamandla ochwepheshe, abanikazi bahlala belungiselela indawo lapho befika. Udonga, ukwahlukanisa noma ukugqagqana, kudinga ukufakwa, kufanele komile futhi kuhlanzeke. Kuyadingeka ukususa udoti bese ususa ama-flaps opende omkhulu. Izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu lokunamathela okungcono (ukunamathela) i-polyurethane Foam akufanele kube ngaphansi kwe + 10˚.
I-Polyurethane Foam isetshenziswa ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwemizuzwana engama-20-30, ukufakwa kukhula kumugqa oyifunayo futhi uqala ukunamathela.
Ukufafaza kwe-PPU
Namuhla, kunokufakwa okukhethekile okuthengiswayo, okuvumela ukufakwa okushisayo kusuka ku-polyurethane Foam uqobo. Ngokuyisisekelo, bangabakwaFoam Kit.Isethi yokufakwa ifaka:
Ukuze uthole ukufakwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, iziqukathi ze-polyurethane Foam ezinezinto kufanele zibe namazinga okushisa awekho ngaphansi kuka + 21˚.
- 2 amasilinda anezinto ezidwetshwe ngemibala ehlukene;
- 3 m ama-hoses amade anemake afanelekile;
- Isifutho se-pistol;
- Ukhiye wokufaka;
- iqoqo lama-nozzles afaka esikhundleni;
- Amagilavu we-latex kanye nephakheji nge-silicone nozzle.
Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezi-4 zokufakwa kwe-Foam Kit okuhloswe ngazo izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-PPU.
Uma kudingeka ukufafaza i-polyurethane foam nge-maxy ekhuphukayo, 28-30 kg / m³, sebenzisa i-foam kit 200 noma i-foam kit 600.
Ivolumu yomkhiqizo wokugcina ihlukile. Ulwazi lwevolumu likuvumela ukubala ukuthi zingaki kuzodingeka ukufakwa okuthembekile kwekamelo noma kuvulandi.
I-Foam Kit 200 (FK 200) inika u-0.47 m³ wokufakelwa. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ngokufakwa okuhle, i-PPU under ingu-25 mm, ungabala ukuthi lokhu kufakwa kuzokuvumela ukuthi ufudumale izindonga ze-18.8 M². I-FK 600 izonikeza umphumela we-1.4 m³ wokuhlukaniswa okuqediwe, okuvumela ukuthi ufudumale ama-56 m².
Kukhona nezitshalo zokufafaza i-PPU ngokuncipha okuncishisiwe, 16-20 kg / m³. Lokhu kuyi-FK 300 ne-FK 1000. Izingqinamba ze-Foam Kit ezingama-0,7 ze-polyurethane Foam, ezilingana no-24 m² wesendlalelo esifudumele ngokushisa kuka-25 mm. Nge-FK 1000, ungathola u-2.33 m³ we-polyurethane. Ukuthi ngokufafaza okuhlanzekile kuzofakwa kufakwe ku-93.2 m².
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungayenza kanjani imidwebo ye-sketches yakho
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngokufakwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, iziqukathi ze-polyurethane Foam ezinezinto ezinezinto zokushisa ezingekho ngaphansi kuka + 21˚. Uma ukufakwa kugcinwe isikhathi esithile kumakhaza, kuyadingeka ukuwugcina ngesikhathi segumbi egumbini elinamazinga okushisa a + 21˚ kuya ku-27˚ - 27 - Lesi sikhashana sithathwa njengento enhle kakhulu ye-PPU.
Isicelo ngokufakwa senziwe lula ukweqisa. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza ngokuphelele kusuka kudoti nodonga lokupenda oluvinjelwe noma ukwakhiwa okuhloselwe ukufakwa. Uma ingaphezulu lelo lenzelwa ngensimbi, ngokudla kwamanzi okuqondile, kufanele ulinde okungenani amahora angama-24 ukuze umswakama ungene ezingxenyeni ezingaphandle zalokhu okuqukethwe kuye kwavela ngokuphelele. IWindows, iminyango kanye nezindawo eziphansi, ezikuvikela ngokumelene ne-PPU, zivikele nge-polyethylene, zithole ngeribhoni lokupenda.
Ukuhlanza nokuhlanza indawo, ungathuthela kwi-sputter. I-respirator nama-goggles eseduze nobuso kufanele kubekwe. Ukuvikela izingubo zokugqoka zisebenzisa ama-overall akhethekile.
Bese uqhubeka nokuhlanganisa ukufakwa. Ekuqaleni, i-nozzle ibekwa esibhamu sokufafaza. Ukhiye wokufaka ezitsheni ujoyinwa yi-hoses, ngokuya ngokumaka kombala kwawo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-hoses axhumeke kwisibhamu, futhi ukufakwa sekulungele ukusebenza.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukufafaza i-polyurethane Foam odongeni, kuyadingeka ukwenza isampula. Esiqeshini se-polyethylene yenza ama-sputtering ngokushesha bese ubheka ukuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwe-nozzle nje lilula kakhulu. Ibanga elifanelekile lokusebenzisa ukufakwa kungukufakwa ngu-40-60 cm. Lapho ufafaza ngebanga eliseduze, ingaphezulu le-PPU liba ukungalingani kanye ne-buggy, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwandisa kakhulu.
Ukufaka ekufafazweni kwe-polyurethane kufanele kusebenze okungaqondile. Ukufakelwa okuqandisiwe kuhlabe i-nozzle kwinqubo yokusebenza.
Ukufakwa kungasetshenziswa amahlandla ama-2, kepha kulokhu ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphela komsebenzi, udinga ukususa nokuhlanza i-nozzle kusuka ku-insulator lapho, nesibhamu kanye nama-hoses kusuka ezingxenyeni. Okwesibili ukufafaza ngosizo lokufakwa kwenziwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30.
Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala
Njengoba ukufakwa, i-polyurethane Foam ayinakulingana. Ifulethi kanye nezindlu zangasese ngaso sonke isikhathi zikhipha ukushisa emkhathini. Ukuhlolwa kwesithombe se-Thermal - Idivayisi ebhalisa imisebe ye-thermal - ikhombise ukuthi ama-balconies, ama-loggias kanye nezindonga zezakhiwo zesimanje zilahlekelwa kuze kube yi-35% yokushisa okutholakele ngenxa yokushisa. Ukufakwa kwe-polyurenane Foam kukuvumela ukuthi unciphise lokhu kulahleka kuze kufike ku-5-7%.
Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi izindlu zamanje zizobonakala ngokushesha kangakanani ngamamitha okushisa, izinzuzo ezingabazayo zisobala. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abanikazi bezindlu zangasese abasebenzisa i-polyurethane Foam njengokufakelwa, babuyisela izindleko zayo iminyaka engu-8-10, ukonga ekufudumaleni.
