Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwendlu noma obunye ukwakhiwa kokuqala ukwakhiwa kwenselelo ezungeze umngcele wesakhiwo. Lesi isendlalelo esivikelayo, sislayida isakhiwo emngceleni waso, nomsebenzi wokususa amanzi endlini ngebanga elithile. Kwenza imisebenzi eminingana ewusizo evikela isisekelo kanye nokusebenza okuhlala isikhathi eside kwesakhiwo sisonke. Inhloso yalesi sihloko ukukhombisa ukuthi ungenza kanjani ikhefu elizungeze indlu ngezandla zakho ngokukhetha inketho efanelekile.
Yini oyidingayo indawo eduzane nendlu
- Ukuvikela Isisekelo . Ukubekwa kahle, ukubulawa kuvimbela ukungena kwemvula nokuncibilikisa amanzi esisekelweni sesakhiwo. Lokhu kunomthelela ekugcinweni kobuqotho besisekelo, obungakhubazeka bungene emhlabathini kanye nomswakama oqhwa.
- Khulisa ukufakwa kwesisekelo kwe-thermal Nendlu iyonke. Isigameko sakha isendlalelo esengeziwe sokufakela esinciphisa umphumela wamazinga okushisa amabi enhlabathini ezungeze ukwakhiwa.
- I-Skostka igcwalisa isakhiwo, enikeza ukuphelela kwendlu . Imvamisa ukubukeka kwesigameko kukhethiwe ukuze kuvumelane nesakhiwo.
- Isicelo esisebenzayo ngesimo sendlela yokuhamba ngezinyawo . Le yindlela ukunyakaza okulula ngayo ekwakhiweni noma phakathi kwezakhiwo eziseduze.
Izinhlobo ze-skostkovy
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwenziwa kwesidlo sasekuseni, kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zawo ozozisebenzisa. Sibeka ohlwini okukhethwa kukho:
- I-Classical (ukhonkolo) yesimo sesehlakalo Ngokwenziwa kobumba, isihlabathi kanye nezendlalelo zemfucumfucu eziboshwe emseleni, futhi "i-pie" enjalo ithululelwa isixazululo sikakhonkolo. Isimo esizungeze indlu ngokhonkolo senziwa kalula nje, kepha siqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okuthembekile kwesisekelo sokuthenga emanzini.
Esibonelweni sesithombe sokuwohloka kokhonkolo
- Umugqa oboshwe nge-slabs egandayiwe . Amapuleti anjalo abekwe esigodini esinombala wesihlabathi samatshe esichotshoziwe. Kukhona isihlabathi phakathi kwamapuleti aseduze. Kungenzeka ukhethe amapuleti ama-multolored ukuklama i-orynament yomhlobiso noma iphethini elingaphezulu.
Esithombeni sesimo esizungeze indlu eyenziwe kusuka ku-slabs
- Itshe noma ukukhonkotha . Inikeza ukubukeka okuhle kwesehlakalo futhi ihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Njenge-slaving ehlukile egandayiwe, kufakwa indawo egandayiwe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amanzi noma ukhonkolo. Itholakala ngaphezulu kwesihlabathi nesendlalelo semfucumfucu. Izikhala phakathi kwezakhi ngazinye zigcwele isihlabathi.
- Ochotshoziwe noma amatshe . Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi unomnene othambile. Itshe elichotshoziwe noma amatshe amatshe alele ezintweni ezinamanzi angenamanzi angenabungane emseleni. Le ndlela elula kunazo zonke yokwenza ukuhlukana okungabizi izandla zakho.
ICEBISO: Akunconyelwe ukusebenzisa i-porcelain Shoneware njengesehlakalo sesehlakalo. Ukubekwa engxenyeni engenhla kakhonkolo, kuzoba nokunye ukunwebeka kokuguquguquka kokushisa kunokukhonkolo. Umphumela ungaba yigebe noma ukuqhekeka kwe-porcelain Shoneware.
Imithetho yokwakhiwa
Lapho ukwakhiwa kwesigameko ezungeze indlu kwenziwa, kufanele kulandelwe imithetho eminingana yokuphoqelelwa:
- Lapho ulungiselela umsele, kunconywa ukwenza ukukhetha okuncane ubheke odongeni lwendlu. Izohlinzeka ngesimo esihle kakhulu esisendaweni yesehlakalo siye endlini futhi sivikele ukusuka kwayo ezindongeni ngezikhathi zamaqhwa abuhlungu.
- Isimo esizungeze indlu kufanele sibekwe engxenyeni eqhubekayo, ngaphandle kokukweqa noma yiziphi izindawo. Kufanele kube uhlaka oluvaliwe. Kulesi simo kuphela isisekelo esizohlinzekwa ngokuvikelwa okuthembekile ekuvumeni kwamanzi kanye namanzi ancibilikayo.
- Ububanzi bendawo eqediwe kukhethwe ukubalwa okunjalo ukuze liye kwaba okungenani ama-20 cm ukuze aqagelwe ophahleni olusezingeni lomhlaba. Okungukuthi, yena kufanele kube ophahleni olubanzi . Kulokhu, amanzi ageleza phansi ngeke amunwe emhlabathini, kepha azoshiywa futhi. Kukholakala ukuthi ububanzi obuncane bokuklanywa okunjalo bungama-70 cm, nangomhlabathi obumba - 1 m.
- Idivaysi yesimo esiseduze nendlu ifaka ukuqinisekisa ukuthambeka kwamanzi okusamanzi. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlinzeka Blope wesigameko ebheke esakhiweni . I-angle yethambeka ikhethiwe okungenani ama-degree ayi-1.5. Lokhu kucishe kube ngu-15 mm ububanzi bemitha. Umthambeka onjalo uzoqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Ngesikhathi sokwakha, ukuthambeka okudingekayo
- Phakathi kwesigameko nokwakhiwa Udinga ukushiya imishini yesinxephezelo . Kuyadingeka ukuvikela ukulimala kwasekuseni endabeni yokudonswa kwayo. Uma indawo yesehlakalo ingaboshelwa odongeni, khona-ke izomane ikhuphuke kancane noma ifune kanye nomhlabathi, ukugwema ukwephulwa kobuqotho bayo. Ngokwenziwa kwemishini, kunezingqimba ezimbili zeRubbeoid eduze nodonga eduze nodonga noma zibeke ungqimba lweBitumen Mastic. Ububanzi obuncane bomthungo bungu-1 cm. Futhi, imishini yokunxeshezelwa kumele yenziwe ekushintsheni kwe-angular of the wesehlakalo futhi wonke amamitha ambalwa, uyibeka phansi i-perpendicular kuleso sakhiwo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufakwa imichilo yokhuni emaphethelweni.
Ithiphu: Ujantshi wepulangwe asetshenziselwa ukwenza imishini yokunxephezela, qiniseka ukuthi uhlanganisa ngezinto ezithile eziphindayo zamanzi ukuvikela ukubola kwawo. Ingahlukaniswe ku-karofne tunumen, u-Olif, iMastic, njll.
Senza ibhulakufesi ekhonkolo
Lokhu kwakhiwa kwakudala okusetshenziselwa izakhiwo eziningi. Ukuqhekeka kokhonkolo ezungeze indlu kufanele kwenziwe kuyo yonke imithetho esetshenziswa kulolu hlobo lwezakhiwo. Kungumklamo othembekile futhi olula.Kuzodingeka yini ukwakhiwa:
- Ifosholo le-bayonet lenhlabathi lizohlungwa;
- intambo eyenzelwe ukumaka;
- izinga lokwakha lefomu elifanele futhi linikeze i-angle ye-fill;
- Master Kulungile;
- busa ukuze ubushelelezi ikhambi;
- isihlabathi;
- Amabhodi efomuthi yefomu kanye nokwenziwa kwe-Seams yenzuzo;
- itshe elichotshoziwe;
- amanzi;
- Isixazululo sikakhonkolo esilungele;
- I-ruberoid noma i-bitumen ukudala imishini yokunxephezela;
- Amandla okuxova ikhambi uma kwenziwa ngokuzimela.
Inqubo yokwenza ucezu lukakhonkolo
Manje cabanga ukuthi ungathulula kanjani ikhefu elizungeze indlu ngokusebenzisa isixazululo sikakhonkolo.
Isikingo sedivayisi yedivayisi ekhonkolo
1. Ukumaka indawo yokwakha. Kulesi sigaba, umngcele wesakhiwo uphuthuma izikhonkwane ezikumabanga afanayo avela ezindongeni zesakhiwo. Ibanga le-1.5-2 m lihlobene phakathi okhalweni. Intambo yeluliwe, ekhawulela ububanzi befomu lefomu elizayo.
2. Ngokwe-shovel ye-bayonet, ungqimba lomhlabathi lususwa ekujuleni kwama-30 cm. Ngenxa yalokho, umsele phakathi kwesisekelo nentambo yeluliwe kufanele kwakhelwe. Ukuze uthuthukise izakhiwo ezivimbela amanzi, kunconywa ukubeka ungqimba lobumba ezansi komsele.
3. Iloli lenziwa ezansi komsele. Ngale njongo, kungcono ukusizakala nge-log eyindilinga.
Ithiphu: Uma izimpande zezitshalo zihlala emseleni, phansi komsele kucutshungulwa ngamakhemikhali akhethekile ngokubhujiswa kwawo. Ukwelashwa okunjalo ngeke kuvume ukuthi izitshalo zichithe amafomu aqediwe.
4. Amafomu asethelwe ku-perimeter yomsele. Ngokwenziwa kwayo, ungasebenzisa amabhodi, izingcezu zesilayidi esicaba nezinye izinto. Amabhodi angaqinisekiswa ukuze asheshiswe ngokuzidweba, nezinye izinto zilungiswa ngama-struts.
5. Isihlabathi simbozwe emseleni wesendlalelo sika-10 cm, okufiseleka ukugcoba ngamanzi futhi siphazamise.
6. Itshe elichotshoziwe libekwe esihlabathini, kepha amatshe amatshe angasetshenziswa. Ungqimba lokukhungatheka - 6-8 cm.
7. Ngaphesheya kwemifula, ngesinyathelo samamitha ama-2, imiphetho ifakwa emaphethelweni, okuzonxephezela ukunyakaza kokushisa kongqimba lukakhonkolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhodi azodlala indima ye-beacon ngesikhathi sokukhomba.
8. Igridi yokuqinisa ifakwa etsheni elichotshoziwe noma uhlaka lokuqiniswa ngeseli lingamasentimitha ayi-10. Uma wonke amalunga amalunga axhunyiwe komunye nomunye ngokuxhunyaniswa noma ngocingo.
Ukuqiniswa Kwefomu Nokufakwa kwamapulangwe we-deformation seams
9. Isixazululo sikakhonkolo sithulula ngokuhambisana nomthambeka ohambelana. Usebenzisa umthetho, ikhambi libushelwe phakathi kwama-beacons.
Ukugcwalisa ukhonkolo wefomu
10. Ngenkathi ikhambi lingaqandisiwe, kwenziwa ngensimbi ebusweni bayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ingaphezulu likakhonkolo lifafazwe ngosimende futhi libushelelezi i-trowel. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa i-porolity yendawo eqediwe.
Ukwenza ithambeka elithambile
I-soft ethambile ethambile ezungeze indlu ingahle yenziwe ngokuzimela kusetshenziswa izinto ezilandelayo namathuluzi:
- uShovel Bayonth;
- intambo nezikhonkwane;
- itshe elichotshoziwe;
- ubumba;
- isihlabathi;
- Izinto ezingena ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Isigameko esivela kwimfucumfucu ezungeze indlu sivame ukwenziwa ezimweni lapho abanikazi bengahleleli ukululungisa njalo lo mklamo, kanye nangamandla wezezimali anganele. Inomklamo olula, futhi isikhathi sokuhlelwa kwaso sincishisiwe.
Isibonelo sethambeka elithambile
Inqubo yokukhiqiza
1. I-markup yesayithi imakwe futhi idonsele intambo ezinhlakeni ezingqokwe.2. Kukhona umsele phakathi kwentambo nodonga lwendlu, ukuba nokujula kwama-30 cm.
3. Umsele ufakwe ungqimba lobumba okungenani ama-10 cm. Ubumba buhlelwe kahle.
4. I-rolled materproofer ibekwa ebumbaneni. I-Euruboid Emikhulu ifaneleke kahle. Kumele afike odongeni lwamasentimitha ngo-10-15.
KUBALULEKILE: Musa ukubeka amanzi angenamanzi ngengxabano, ngoba emakhazeni amanzi nokunyakaza kwenhlabathi kungakuphula. Vumela lokho okuqukethwe kungcono kutholakala ngokukhululeka futhi kube namafolda amaningana.
5. I-materproofer imbozwe ngesendlalelo esincane sesihlabathi.
6. Zonke ezinye isikhala ebusweni bomsele zimbozwe ngemfucumfucu.
Kungcono ukwenza ibhulakufesi elinjalo, uma amanzi engaweli kuwo ophahleni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amanzi azokwakha izimboni kulo.
Sibheke ukuthi singayenza kanjani ikhefu elithambile elizungeze indlu. . Uma ufisa, ungabeka umklamo ngokwenza kukhange ngokwengeziwe. Ungqimba wemfucumfucu ngaphezulu kungambozwa ngesihlabathi, nokubeka ama-slabs ahamba ngaphezulu.
Ukufudumeza imidlalo
Isikimu sokufakwa kwebhokisi lePenlexpl
Ukuhlanganiswa okufudumele kuzokhulisa izinga lokushisa egumbini elingaphansi, okwenza kube ntofontofo ngokwengeziwe. Ukuze usebenze, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-polystyrenererererererene ekhishwe ekwakheni okuphakathi. Inobunzima obuphezulu futhi inqunywe kahle.
I-cesspool efakwe endaweni ezungeze indlu yenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:
- Ifomu lifakwe ngokufana ngebhulakufesi likakhonkolo.
- 15 cm umsele ulele isihlabathi esomile.
- Isihlabathi simbozwe nge-rubberoid, efaka udonga.
- Ukufakwa kweqabunga kusikwa ngummese ngosayizi obekiwe futhi kufakwe ngaphezulu kwe-runneoid. Ukuntuleka kwama-motors okuqukethwe kuqinisekiswa. Kusetshenziswe ukufakwa kobukhulu obufanayo nesakhiwo esisodwa.
- Igridi yokuqinisa ifakwa ekufakweni ngaphezulu.
- Isendlalelo sokugcina sikhonkolo.
Ukufakwa okunjalo kwesigameko nge-polystyrere foad yangaphandle akuhlukile ekugcwalisweni kokhonkolo okujwayelekile, kepha kufiseleka ngokwengeziwe izindlu eziphansi noma izisekelo ezifuywayo ezifuywayo, kanye nenhlabathi enobunzima.
Kuyindlela enhle ezungeze indlu yeNdlu - indlela enhle yokubiza kakhulu futhi ivikela izakhiwo zakho ngokufanelekile ethonyeni elilimazayo lomswakama. Lapho umsebenzi wenziwa ngokuzimela, akunakuba khona isimo sokuxoshwa sengqondo esihlokweni sokwakha.
Icebo
Kunconyelwe ukubuka enye ividiyo ku-athikili yethu.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Yimuphi umlawuli okhetha ibhethri lelanga