I-solar yamanzi heater luhlobo lomqoqi oluqongelela imisebe yelanga, ukuguqula kube ukushisa, futhi kukhiqize amanzi ashisayo ezidingo zabathengi. Umqondo wokusebenzisa amandla elanga ngokushisa kwamanzi usekude. Ngakho-ke, i-prototype ye-heater yamanzi yanamuhla yelanga yadalwa ngekhulu le-XVIII eSwitzerland. Kuze kube manje, le ndlela yokushisa kwamanzi ithandwa kakhulu. Umholi Womhlaba ekusetshenzisweni nasekukhiqizweni kwabashisi baseSolar ngokwesiko China. Kuleli lizwe, amakhaya ayizigidi ezingama-60 asebenzisa amandla elanga ngokushisa kwamanzi. Futhi kwa-Israyeli, ama-85% amafulethi anama-heacher elanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwabo kulawulwa ngumthetho, obekusebenza kusukela ngo-1976, futhi izibopho zokwakha izindlu zisebenzisa lezo zinhlelo.
Uhlelo lwe-solar PhotoElectric System.
Ama-heater amanzi anezinzuzo eziningana. Okokuqala, bayavumela uma kungaqedwa nhlobo, bese kunciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwabathwali bamandla bendabuko, njengegesi nogesi. Okwesibili, banciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni dioxide ngenani, ngokulingana ngokuqondile kumandla asindayo, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise umphumela wokushisa abamba ukushisa.
I-Buck Yokushisa Amanzi Ngezandla Zabo
Uhlelo lwamamojula elanga.
I-heater evamile yelanga iyisitezi sasehlobo. Ungakha uhlelo olushisayo lwamanzi ngezandla. Kulula ngokuphelele. Isisekelo sayo yithangi lamanzi, elifudunyezwa ngemisebe yelanga. Naphezu kokubulamula kwalo, isakhiwo esinjalo sikwazile ukwanelisa isidingo samanzi ashisayo ngesikhathi esifudumele.
Ukungathandeki okukhulu kwale ndlela yokufudumeza ukuthi, naphezu kokushisa okuphezulu ngokwanele kwamanzi ethangini phakathi nosuku (kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube ngu-45 ° C), iwela ubusuku bonke. Ukuze sinciphise ukulahleka kokushisa ebusuku, kuyadingeka ukufaka ithangi ubusuku bonke, noma uhlanganise izinsalela zamanzi ashisayo ethangini elifudumele. Ithangi elinjalo lingasebenza njengegesi noma ama-boilers kagesi, asetshenziswa kabanzi emakhaya. Ukukhethwa kwe-boiler njengoba idrayivu kufanelekile futhi ngoba ngolunye usuku olunamafu amanzi ethangini ngeke kufudumale phezulu ama-30ºase, nakunoma yikuphi ukufudumala.
U-heater onjalo owenziwe ngezandla zakhe uzosebenza njengendlela ethembekile nezomnotho yokupholisa ehlobo futhi uzozikhokhela masinyane.
Ukukhetha lolu hlobo lwe-heater solar, kuyadingeka ukubheka izithiyo ezimbalwa:
- Isidingo sokugcwalisa nsuku zonke futhi sihlanganise ithangi;
- Ngosuku olunamafu, amanzi ethangini awashukunyiswa ngenhla kwama-30ºссс.
Isihloko ngesihloko: inzwa yokushisa: Ungaxhuma kanjani i-thermostat
Ukufakwa kwethangi lamanzi
Uhlelo lokushisa amanzi heliosystem.
Ngokwakhiwa kwethangi lamanzi elanga, sizolidinga:
- ithangi lokushisa;
- boiler;
- Ipayipi lamanzi elinama-cranes amathathu;
- Inzwa yezinga lamanzi.
Ungasebenzisa noma yiliphi ithangi lamanzi njengethangi lokushisa: umgqomo wensimbi, i-cube noma ipayipi elikhulu lobubanzi. Kodwa-ke, okulula kakhulu ukufakwa nokusebenzisa kuyithangi elikhethekile le-polyethylene ye-polyethylene ye-Summer Soul ngevolumu efinyelela kuma-300 amalitha. Inesimo esiyisicaba, isisindo esikhanyayo, esidwetshwe mnyama, hhayi ukugqwala. Konke lokhu kunikeza ukumuncwa okushisa okunengqondo nokufakwa okulula ngezandla zabo. Ngokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi, amapayipi e-metalplastic noma ama-polypropylene wamanzi abandayo kufanele akhethwe. Inzwa yezinga lamanzi inamathiselwe kwikhava yeTank futhi isetshenziselwa ukulawula izinga layo lokugcwalisa. Isikimu sokukhuphuka nokusebenza kwalolu hlelo sikhonjiswa kwisibalo.
Ukugcwalisa ithangi lokushisa, kuyadingeka ukuvala i-crane 3. crane 1 no-2 kuhlala kusesimweni esivulekile. Ngemuva kokugcwalisa umthamo, ukufakwa kwamapayipi okucindezela kufakwe yi-crane 1. Ekupheleni kosuku, amanzi afudumele ahlanganiswa abe yi-boiler ngokuvula i-crane 3. Uma i-crane 3 kufanele iboshwe futhi usebenzise i-boiler kumodi ejwayelekile.
Uhlelo lokushisa lwamanzi nje lusebenzisa umqoqi welanga
Isikimu somgomo wokusebenza nedivaysi yebhethri lelanga.
Uma ithangi lokushisa lamanzi lisetshenziselwa kuphela inkathi efudumele, khona-ke umqoqi welanga wohlobo olungenasisekelo wenza ukuthi kwenzeke isikhathi sokusebenzisa amandla elanga kusuka ngo-Okthoba. Uhlelo olunjalo olubizwayo lubizwa ngoba iphampu alisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwalo. Isidingo sokudweba amanzi ngo-boiler kuleli cala. Kodwa-ke, ukonga amandla amakhulu akunakuphikwa.
Into esemqoka ohlelweni olunjalo lokufudumeza lwamanzi lingumqoqi welanga. Ukuze uzuze izinkomba zokusebenza eziphezulu zale nto, kanye nokwethembeka kanye nokulula koMkhandlu, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe emcimbini wokushisa. Ukuzilolonga kukhombisile ukuthi amapayipi ensimbi noma ethuni angenawo onke amancane angcono kakhulu e-Exchanger. Ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi epulasitiki wensimbi kuyavunyelwa futhi, kepha ama-minus abo akhona amathuba okuba yingozi lapho evezwa ukushisa kwelanga, kanye namathuba okuvuza kwamanzi ngenxa yezinkomba ezahlukahlukene. Uma kukhona isiqandisi esidala, esingadingekile endlini, khona-ke esikhundleni samapayipi ungasebenzisa inyoka yakhe.
Umhlangano nokufakwa kwe-heater yamanzi elanga usebenzisa i-hose yengadi ngezandla zakho
Isikimu segridi yamandla lapho sisebenzisa amaphaneli elanga.
Ukuze sinciphise izindleko zokwakhiwa komqoqi welanga futhi sinciphise isisindo saso, amapayipi ensimbi angathathelwa indawo nge-hose engadini elula, uyisonte endaweni evunguzayo ngezandla zawo. Inzuzo yakhe ukungabikho kwamakhompiyutha angeziwe, ukuqeda ukuvuza, izindleko eziphansi, amathuba okufingqa amanzi aqhamuka kumqokeleli ngqo kwipayipi.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Kungenzeka yini ukwengeza nge-Fliesline Wallpaper
Ngokwakhiwa kwe-heater yamanzi elanga nomqoqi ovela engadini hose sizodinga:
- ingilazi yewindi;
- Ingadi hose;
- I-Polypropylene noma i-cellular polycarbonate sheet yesisekelo.
Impahla ye-hose - irabha noma ukuqiniswa kwe-PVC. Ububanzi be-Inner - hhayi ngaphansi kwe-19 mm ukunciphisa izinga lokumelana kwe-hydraulic. Ubukhulu bodonga lwe-hose alukho ngaphansi kuka-2,5 mm. Lapho ukhetha umbala ukuze uthande amathoni amnyama noma amnyama ukuthuthukisa ukushisa. Ingilazi kufanele ikhethwe ngewindi, ngaphandle kwendwangu ekhethiwe, njengoba ifilimu ye-polymer nengilazi ye-organic ukubambezela kabi imisebe ye-wave ende, futhi lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-i-ingilazi ikhombisa i-struave. Lapho ukhetha phakathi kwezikhazimulina ezingashadile futhi eziphindwe kabili, umthetho kufanele uqondiswe umthetho: Uma i-heater izosetshenziswa kaningi esizini efudumele, khona-ke ukukhetha kungcono ukunikeza ukuheha okukodwa uma isikhathi esibandayo siphindwe kabili uma isikhathi esibandayo siphindwe kabili. Igebe phakathi kwegwebu nengilazi lingavalwa ngezandla zalo ngokusebenzisa i-silicone, i-glue esekelwe emanzini noma pad elula ye-foam. Ibanga phakathi kwengilazi ne-hose yi-1.2- 2 mm.
Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-heater yamanzi enjalo ulele ohlotsheni lwesicupho esishisayo: imisebe yelanga iwela engilazini, i-hose iyavutha, nayo, nayo enikeza ukushisa, okuphikelelayo ngaphakathi kwezindlu ze-heater zamanzi ngaphansi kwesimo se ukuqina kwayo. Njengesisekelo se-heater yamanzi, esikhundleni sephepha le-foam, uhlaka lwamapulangwe oluphansi okuqinile kanye nongqimba phakathi kwephansi kanye nomqoqi ngendlela ye-foil ne-rug rug.
Ukufakwa kwe-heater yamanzi elanga kusuka e-The Langadi kuboniswe kumdwebo.
Lapho ufaka i-heater yamanzi, kufanele wazi ngezandla zakho ukuthi ama-boiler kufanele abe sezingeni elingamasentimitha angama-60 ngaphezulu komphetho ongenhla we-solar Collector ukuze anikeze umphumela ozinzile we-solar. Ubude bepayipi lokuhlinzekwa phakathi komqoqi kanye ne-boiler kumele kube mfushane nje ukunciphisa amandla okungqubuzana lapho kugeleza amanzi.
Uhlelo lwekhoyili lwe-boiler.
Ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa, iziphetho ze-hose nepayipi kufanele zibe zifakwe kancane. Ukufakwa kwe-thermal endlini, kanye nasezingxenyeni ezimfushane zepayipi, ukufakwa kwe-polyethylene foam ngalezi zinhloso kungasetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso. Ukufakwa okushisayo kweziphetho zangaphandle namapayipi angaphezu kwama-3 m, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-foil polyurethane foam. Ukuxhuma i-hose ku-pipeline, i-clamp isetshenziselwa amapayipi enjoloba.
Okokuqala udinga ukugcwalisa i-hose ngamanzi bese ukhipha umoya ngaphandle kwayo: Sivala i-crane 2 bese uvula i-crane yamanzi ashisayo 6. Amanzi avela ekufuneni amanzi okufundwayo 1 awela ku-solar Collector 1. Sizonyamalala emanzini okusindisa, siphetha ngokuthi azikho ama-air traffic traffic kumqoqi. Ngemuva kwalokho sivula i-crane 2, namanzi abandayo ngaphansi kwesenzo somphumela we-thermosifone angena kwi-heater. Ukumisa umsebenzi womqokeleli, ukumboza i-crane 3. I-minus yale heater yamanzi elanga yisidingo sokuvula ngezikhathi ezithile futhi kuvalwe ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi kumqoqi we-crane 3, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-boiler ukuphulukisa amanzi at ukuphela kosuku esimweni sezulu esinamafu nangesikhathi sokubanda. Ngaphandle kwalokho, iyayeka ukujikeleza.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungasusa kanjani ngokushesha i-Vinyl Wallpaper kusuka odongeni
Ukubalwa kokusebenza kwe-heater yamanzi angenasisekelo
Ukubala ukusebenza kwe-heater yamanzi esheshayo, izinkomba ezilandelayo zizodingeka:- ububanzi be-hose;
- lokushisa komoya;
- Inani eliphakathi lamahora anelanga isikhathi.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-1 m ye-hose, ububanzi obungaphandle kwalo bungama-25 mm, e-air lokushisa +25 º5 º5 º5 º5 º5 º5 º-Terem yokushisa tishisa tishisa lamazinga okushisa angu-45 º +32 ºС ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo - +50 º0 º- º. Isikhombi sonyaka esiphakathi senombolo yokukhanya kwelanga seMoscow kanye nesifunda saseMoscow singamahora angama-5.5, kucatshangelwa izinsuku ezingamafu. Ngakho-ke, ngobude be-hose 10 m kubaqoqi, ukusebenza kuzoba: 3.5 * 10 * 5.5 = 192.5 l yamanzi afudumele. Umngcele ophansi wokushisa komoya lapho umsebenzi we-Collert ulusizo, ngu- +5 º Lapho izinga lokushisa lincipha, amanzi avela kumqoqi kufanele ahlanganiswe.
Ukusebenza kahle kokusebenzisa i-heater yamanzi elanga
Kunombono wokuthi iRussia ayilungele ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga ukuphulukisa amanzi ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibandayo ngokwanele. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akunjalo. Ukuze sinqume ukuthi ama-heathers elanga ayasebenza ezinhlelweni zethu zokuhlala, sizosebenza nomqondo onjalo njengabangenalo (inani lamandla elanga awela phansi). Ensimini yaseRussia, izinga lokubhula lonyaka lisuka kuma-800 kuye ku-1900 kW / M2. Esifundeni saseMoscow, le nkomba ingu-1100 kWh / m2. Isibonelo, eJalimane, inkomba efanayo yokungena ngaphakathi, lezo zinhlelo zimboza indawo ephelele yezigidi ezingaphezu kwezingu-6 m2.
Ama-Solar Heater asebenza ngokuphelele ngokwesilinganiso sezwe lethu. Bayakwazi ukonga kuze kube ngu-60% kagesi. Ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwe yiJalimane Institute of Construction Physics, umkhaya ojwayelekile wabantu abangu-4 udla isilinganiso esingu-4400 kWh ngonyaka. Amanani anjalo anamandla angakhiqiza amamojula elanga anendawo engama-34 m2 kuphela. Futhi noma ngabe i-solar water heater eyenziwe ngezandla zayo izonikeza i-analogue yokukhiqizwa kwezimboni, ukonga amandla kusekhona.