Kusukela isikhathi eside, enye yezinhlobo eziphambili zokuhlobisa odongeni ngumonga. Lapho kuhlelwa izindonga zokuphamba, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha kunquma ukukhetha kohlobo lokuqeda.
Ukubalwa kwenombolo yezixazululo ze-Plaster.
Ngodonga oluphambayo, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo eziningi zezisombululo futhi ezihlongozwayo. Kukhiqizwa izingxube eziningi ezokwakha zokwakha ngokwehlukile futhi zikulungele ukwanelisa noma iyiphi imfuneko. Isixazululo sombala singalungiswa ngezandla zakho, futhi ngeke sinikeze indlela yekhwalithi yengxube yokuthenga. Konke lokhu kusikisela ukuthi lapho ukuvalwa kukhulelwa, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha kufanele kwenziwe kahle nangokuthembekile.
Izici ezibonakalayo
Usonga luyingqimba lokuqeda, elungiselela udonga endaweni eqediwe. Kwenziwa lokho okwenziwanga, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha kuyahlukahluka. Ngenhloso, izinhlobo ezintathu zodaka zihlukaniswe:
- IChernovaya - yokulinganisa ukungahambi kahle kwendawo.
- Okuyisisekelo - ukuvumelanisa i-verticality yodonga lonke.
- Okokugcina noma i-Putty - ukushelela indawo yokugcina.
Ukuhlukaniswa kodaka.
Uhlobo ngalunye lokuqeda luhlelwe kakhulu njengongqimba lobukhulu obuhlukile nesixazululo esihlukile, bobabili ekwakhiweni nasekuguquguqukeni.
Ukusuka kulokho okwenziwa udonga, uhlobo lodaka kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto kuncike. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezulu kwe-chipboard noma i-drywall, izingqimba ezimbili kuphela ezivame ukwenziwa ngokweqile - okunolaka nokokugcina. UBrick udinga ukumbondelana okuphoqelekile kwazo zontathu izingqimba. Ukhonkolo uvame ukubekwa ezingxenyeni ezintathu, kepha udaka olunezinhlobo ezimbili lungasetshenziswa. Uhlobo lodaka luncike endaweni yodonga, i.e. kusuka kwangaphandle okuthinta izinto. Izindonga zangaphandle nezingaphakathi zihlukaniswe, kanye nezindonga zangaphakathi ezivezwa umswakama kanye nombhangqwana (zokugezela, i-sauna).
Ekugcineni, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwenziwa kanye nobukhulu besendlalelo esikhulu sodaka kuthinta kakhulu i-curvature yobuso, ukuhlukunyezwa kwayo kanye nezinga lokuphambuka kusuka mpo. I-Chipboard edongeni noma i-drywall inciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha, njengoba ukugcwala kodonga nokubusheleleka kwengxenye eyinhloko yobuso kuyaqinisekiswa (ngaphandle kwama-seams). Ngakho-ke, lapho kwenziwa ama-Plasters enziwa, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha kuncike ekuklameni kodonga, uhlobo lodaka kanye nezinga le-curvature noma ukuhlukunyezwa komhlaba.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Izindlu ezi-3 ngesitayela saseBohemian: Phototour kanye nokubuyekezwa kwangaphakathi (izithombe ezingama-20)
Izici ze-Plaster Makeup
Ukusetshenziswa kodaka ku-1m2.
Usonga lungenziwa ngengxube eyenziwe ngomumo noma ikhambi elenziwe ekhaya. Kwezingoma ezenziwe ekhaya, ungazabela ukubukwa okuyisisekelo. Isixazululo sesimende-sandy senziwa ngesimo sengxube kasimende nesihlabathi ngezilinganiso 1: (2-6). Eseceleni kokugcina, inani lesihlabathi lingakhula. Usimende Owumsebenzi usetshenziswa ikakhulukazi uhlobo lwe-M400 lwe-Coatings yangaphandle kanye ne-M200 yomsebenzi wangaphakathi. Isixazululo sesimende-lime-sandy silungiselelwe kwingxube kasimende, i-hazed lime nesihlabathi ngezilinganiso 1: 1: (3-5). I-Lime nesihlabathi ixubene kanye nokuthola ukuhlolwa kwe-limestone, ngemuva kwalokho ahlangana ngayo nosimende.
Isixazululo se-lime-gypsum siqukethe ingxube ye-gypsum ngohlolo lwe-limestone ngokwesilinganiso 1: (3-4). Futhi, inhlama ye-limestone iyi-lime exubile enezinwele ezixubile nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 3. Isixazululo sobumba se-lime-siqukethe ingxube yobumba esinesihlabathi kanye ne-auleed lime ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 0.4: (3-6). I-limestone iyingxube ye-auleed lime enesihlabathi ngesilinganiso 1: (3-5).
Izisombululo zesihlabathi sikasimende zithandwa kakhulu. Kokuqukethwe usimende, izixazululo zihlukaniswe ngesikhumba (isilinganiso esingu-1: 5 nesihlabathi esengeziwe); Amafutha (isilinganiso esingu-1: 2) futhi okujwayelekile ngesilinganiso esingu-1: (3-4). Izixazululo ezihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu ezingezinhlobo zamafutha, kepha zingaqhekeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banokusetshenziswa kwesimende okwengeziwe, okuholela ekukhuphukeni kwezindleko zokwakheka. Okuncane okutholakala ekuqhekekeni kwezinhlobo ezinesikhumba, ezibangela ukusetshenziswa kwazo kungqimba lokugcina. Ngokuqina, izixazululo zihlukaniswe ngohlobo olusindayo (ngaphezu kwe-1500 kg / m³) kanye nohlobo olukhanyayo (ngaphansi kuka-1500 kg / m³). Isicelo esikhulu kunazo zonke semisebenzi yangaphakathi sithola isixazululo esithe xaxa sepulasitiki sepulasitiki.
Isikimu sokwenza izindonga ezisezingeni eliphakeme ze-plaster kuma-racks.
Ukuze wenze isisombululo ngokwengeziwe ngopulasitiki nokunwebeka, kusetshenziswa izithasiselo ezahlukahlukene, ngokwesibonelo, ama-detergents (insipho yezomnotho, i-kampoo, njll.). Ukuze wandise isikhathi sokuthulula isixazululo kanye nokukhula okwandayo, i-PVA ne-coluery glue yengezwa. Izengezo ezinjalo zivame ukungadluli ku-2-5% ngesisindo.
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Muva nje, ukuxutshwa okwenziwe ngomumo okwenziwe ngomumo kusetshenziswa ngenkuthalo. Izingoma ezivame kakhulu zifaka izinketho zokulungisa zomile ezisuselwa kuso usimende ngemisebenzi yangaphandle neyangaphakathi, kanye nokuqeda ukuxutshwa kwama-putty ngesisekelo esifanayo. Ukuhlobisa okungaphakathi, udaka owomile kanye nengxube e-putty kufanelekile ngesisekelo sokuhlukumeza. Izingoma ezikhethekile nezisebenzayo zifaka udaka olomile lokuhlobisa, ingxube ye- "Compeed" yezindonga zangaphandle, udaka lweVenetian, ingxube "ye-volma" kanye nabanye abathile.
Ukubalwa kokusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha
Ukubalwa kokuqala okulinganiselwa kokusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha odongeni lwe-plaster kwenziwa ngaphandle kokubheka izici ezimbalwa, endaweni nje yokugoba. Isibonelo, udonga lunendawo engama-20 m². Ubukhulu besendlalelo esikhulu bungu-5 cm, i.e. I-0.05 m. Ukubala okuyisisekelo kukhombisa ukuthi ivolumu yodaka yi-1 m³ noma, ngokuya ngevolumu yamanzi, amalitha ayi-1000. Inhlanganisela kasimende onesihlabathi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 3 ngevolumu iyasetshenziswa. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusetshenziswa kukasimende odongeni lwezindonga kuzoba ngo-1: 4 = 0.25 m², nokugeleza kwesihlabathi kungu-0.75 m³. Ekubuseni kuka-Cement 1600 kg / m³, ukusetshenziswa kwesisindo kosimende womsebenzi kuzoba ngu-400 kg. Uma kusetshenziswa isixazululo se-celment-sandy ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1: 4, ukubalwa okufanayo kukhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kosimende kuzoba ngu-0,17 m³, noma 272 kg.Ukubalwa kwezinye izinto
Umdwebo we-WALL Plaster.
Ekusebenzeni, udonga lunesisulu esithile. Ukubalwa kwe-accounting okunembile kwalesi sici kudinga izilinganiso nezibalo eziningi, ezingasenzi umqondo omningi. I-accounting cishe ye-curvature yodonga ingethulwa ekubalweni kobukhulu obuphakathi kwesendlalelo sangempela. Kulokhu, ubukhulu obuncane nobubanzi besendlalelo sodaka bunqunywa, futhi inani elijwayelekile laleli nani. Isibonelo, ubukhulu obuncane babengu-14 mm, futhi ubukhulu obukhulu bungama-32 mm. Ngenxa yalokho, inani elijwayelekile lizoba (44 + 52) / 2 = 48 mm. Ukunaka leli nani, ukuphindisela kokubala kwangaphambilini.
Ekubalweni kokuqala, indawo yodonga yathathwa njengendawo yoxande elifanele, i.e. Njengomkhiqizo wobude ekuphakameni kobuso. Ezibalweni zangempela, kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuphambuka kokuphakama kodonga kanye nokufana. Ukubalwa kokuphakama okuphakathi kodonga nobude bayo obuphakathi kuyathathwa. Izinyathelo zenziwa ngamaphuzu amathathu - enkabeni nasemaphethelweni. Inani lilinganiselwa kumanani amathathu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphambuka kwama-angles kusuka ku-90 ° kuyabhekwa. Ukufinyelela le ndawo ngenxa yalesi sici kumane kukhishwe kwinani elibaliwe.
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Ukubalwa okunembe kakhudlwana kwesendlalelo esalungiswa kunzima ukukala ubukhulu bezinkinga. Ukubalwa kufanele kuthathe usayizi wezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu. Isibonelo, uma ucabanga ungqimba olusalungiswa ngokusho kwe-chipboard, i-coating ibalwa cishe umthamo we-Sweam phakathi kwamashidi, njengomkhiqizo wobude be-seam ububanzi nobukhulu bephepha le-chipboard.
Imvamisa, ukunemba kokubala akudingeki.
Ukubalwa okulinganiselwa kokuqala kunikeza ukusetshenziswa okweqile kwezinto zokwenziwa ngokweqile, ezingasiza lapho kufezekisa omunye umsebenzi wokwakha.
Lokhu kuphakama ngenxa yokuthi ubukhulu besendlalelo esikhulu sodaka luhlelwe ngosayizi omkhulu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezijwayelekile
Lapho usebenzisa ukuthenga okulungiselelwe okwenziwe ngomumo, kuyadingeka ukugxila ekuncomeni ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto ezikhonjiswe kwiphakheji. Isibonelo, ezinye izindleko zesici zokuxutshwa okuqediwe ngokushukunyiswa kwezincomo okunconyiwe kufanele zilethwe. Ingxube yokubumba i-gypsum uma isetshenziswa odongeni lwe-chipboard eyi-10 mm iyoba nokusetshenziswa okunconyiwe kwe-9 kg / m². Ukusetshenziswa kosesimende kule ngxube kuzoba isilinganiso se-16-18 kg / m². Udaka lokuhlobisa luzodinga cishe ama-8 kg / m³. Kusuka kwezinye izinhlobo zezixazululo ze-Plaster, umuntu angamaka ukusetshenziswa okulandelayo nge-1 m²:- "Old" - 1.5 kg;
- "Rotbend" - 8.5 kg (ngobukhulu obungu-5 cm);
- "Compored" - kufika ku-3 kg;
- UPlanethi waseVenetian - 0.2 kg.
Izinto ezidingekayo
Amathuluzi adingekayo ngodaka.
Lapho izindonga zokuphamba, izinto ezilandelayo zivame ukusetshenziswa:
- Usimende m ma200 no-m400;
- Isihlabathi esilingana nesihlabathi esinamasango engxenyeni ephakathi (mhlawumbe, umfula i-quartz);
- Inhlama ye-Lime Hawled noma ye-limestone;
- udaka lokwakha;
- ubumba (i-alumina);
- amanzi ahlanjwe;
- Carpentry glue;
- Glue plue;
- Ingxube esomile yodaka yomsebenzi wangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Lapho i-Plaster isebenza, kuyadingeka ukuhlela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto kusengaphambili ukuze kungabikho sidingo sokunxephezela ukushoda. Ukuma okungalindelekile emsebenzini kungathinta ikhwalithi yodaka.