Ukunisela ikotishi elikhulu lasehlobo kudinga isikhathi esiningi nomzamo. Ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okungalawulwa kwakha umkhuhlane wenhlabathi. Ngemuva kokumiswa, ikhasi lakhiwa ebusweni, okumele likhululwe. Uhlelo lokunisela lwanamuhla luqeda lokhu ukushiyeka. Ukwenza ukuthambisa nge-Drip ngezandla ngezandla zakhe kudonswa ngohlelo, izinto ezidingekayo zithengiwe, futhi ukufakwa kuqala.
Izinhlobonhlobo kanye nomgomo womsebenzi
Umgomo wokunisela we-Driprigation usekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi amanzi asetshenziswa ngawodwana ngesitshalo ngasinye futhi awesabalali kuyo yonke insimu.Ukudonsa amanzi kunezinto ezi-2:
- Wakhonza ngakunye kwesitshalo ngasinye ebusweni.
- Kwakha ngaphansi komhlaba futhi uletha amanzi ngqo ngaphansi kwempande.
Ukubeka indlela yesibili kubiza kakhulu. Ukufakwa kuhlotshaniswa nemisebenzi yase-Earthwork. Ukusebenza kwayo kuphakeme ngesikhathi esishisayo. Amanzi akhonzwa ngokulahleka okuncane kakhulu.
Umgomo wokunisela we-Driprigation usekelwe ebukhoneni besitsha, esifakwe ekuphakameni okungu-1.5 m. Kwezinye izimo, uhlelo lusebenza kwisikhiye sokuzikhethela. Kodwa-ke, iphampu livame ukwenziwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, ingcindezi yamanzi iyazinza. Ngokwengeziwe, kufakwe uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo, oludonswe ngoketshezi, njengoba ludingeka.
Uma insimu inkulu, kunesidingo semigqomo eminingana esebenza imigqa yepayipi ngalinye. Uhlelo lokulawula olulodwa lugcinwa yikhompyutha. Umswakama wenhlabathi uzimisele futhi imodi edingekayo yokusebenza icacisiwe.
Izinzuzo nobubi
Izinzuzo zokunisela ngokunisela zifaka:
- Uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo olusebenza ngokugcwele lusebenza ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza komuntu. Lokhu kusiza kakhulu umsebenzi we-dacket.
- Akunasimo sokuqothuka ebusweni be-chernozem. Ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo sokukhulula inhlabathi.
- Ukulondolozwa kwamanzi okubalulekile, ngoba uketshezi aludli, futhi luphethwe ngaphansi kwesitshalo.
- Isivuno samasiko siyakhuphuka ngenxa yentuthuko enhle yohlelo lwezimpande.
- Ngokufana, kungenzeka ukuthi uqale ukondla emgwaqweni omkhulu.
- Ukufakwa kungenziwa zombili ensimini evulekile naku-greenhouse.
Okubi kakhulu, kepha yile:
- Isidingo sezihlungi. Ngokuya kwabo, kuyadingeka ukunikeza amathuba amapayipi okugcwala.
- Itholakala eceleni kwemibhede izimbambo azikhuli. Bangalimaza izinyoni noma amagundane.
- Ama-Droppers, amapayipi nama-adaptha adinga ukugcwala okujwayelekile nokubuyiselwa.
- Ukufakwa kudinga izindleko zekheshi.
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Isikimu sokunisela
Amanzi emgqonyeni avela kunoma yimuphi umthombo. Kungaba ichibi noma indawo ephakathi nendawo. Ukusuka ethangini, ukugeleza koketshezi kwenziwa emgaqweni omkhulu omkhulu, okuvinjelwe perpendicular kwabakwaGerson. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngamunye wabo ufake ama-adaptha. Lawa amapayipi anamathiselwe atholakala emibhedeni. Eduze kwesitshalo ngasinye kufakiwe ku-dropper yamapayipi. Ngemuva kwezikhathi ezithile, umjovo wamanzi ngaphansi kohlelo lwezimpande.
Umgwaqo omkhulu omkhulu uphela nge-crane yokugeza uhlelo. Uma umthombo woketshezi uwumanzi, khona-ke ngemuva kokuthi i-tee ngayinye ifakiwe. Ngaphandle kwabo, uzungu lwamapayipi azokwenzeka kaningi.
Donsela i-Norreging Scheme
Ama-hoses wokunisela
Ngokunisela ngenkahla, ama-hoses akhiqizwa akhiqizwa ngobude obungu-50-1000 m. Lawa ngamapayipi, kuma-labyrinths lapho uketshezi lufika ezitshalweni ngezimbobo.Zinzima futhi zithambile. Isikhathi sokusebenza samashubhu anzima cishe sineminyaka eyi-10.
Ama-ribbons athambile awasebenzisi izinkathi ezi-4. Babelana:
- Mncane obiyelwe. Kukhiywe ngaphezulu komhlaba. Ubukhulu bawo bungu-0.1-0.3 mm.
- Tolstown. Kungenzeka kube ne-gasket yabo nangaphansi komhlaba. Ube nobukhulu be-0.31-0.81 mm.
Ububanzi obungaphakathi be-hoses buyehlukahluka ebangeni le-14-25 mm. Amateyipu - 12-22 mm.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kwama-hoses kufinyelela ku-8 l / h. Owamateyiphu ancibilikisiwe onke 2.9 l / h, kanye no-wall-wall - 8 l / h. Isinyathelo sokufaka sabaphuli ngu-10-100 mm. Kuya ngesibalo samasiko.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lohlelo, izingcindezi zokucindezela ezisebenzayo. Ngokwesampula, kungu-0.4 bar, futhi lapho usebenzisa ipompo, kuze kufike ku-14 bar. Usayizi wokunisela wenziwa kanjena ukuthi ingcindezi yamanzi yanele kubadokhethi abedlulele. Okwe-hoses, lokhu kungu-1500 m, nama-tapes - 600 m.
Okuhlinza
Ama-Droppers asetshenziswa esikhundleni se-ribbons. Zifakwe kuma-hoses. Inani labo lenziwa ngokuya ngamasiko akhulayo.
Bahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo:
- Ngokukhishwa okujwayelekile.
- Ngokuguquguquka.
Kwenziwa izindlu zepulasitiki. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona okufanelekile ngendandatho yenjoloba. Ngayo, ukuxhumana kuyaqhubeka ne-hose.
Olunye uhlobo lwe-dropper:
- Kunxephezelwe. Ukukhishwa kwamanzi kusuka kunoma yiliphi iphuzu kuyafana.
- Engahlelwanga.
Isicupho Esiningi "Spider", Nini. Yilapho ompompi abaningana bexhunyiwe. Eduze kwezilimo ezihleliwe kukhona amanzi avela endaweni eyodwa.
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Isicabucabu
Amapayipi nezinto ezixhumanisayo
Amapayipi atholakala emhlabeni. Bahlala bexhumana njalo nezinto zamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, ukwenziwa kwamapayipi kanye nokufakelwa kwenziwa kusuka ezintweni zokulwa nokugqwala. Le yi-polypropylene, i-polyvinyl chloride noma i-polyethylene. Amapayipi acindezela kakhulu futhi aphansi.NJENGOBA abadlali abaxhumanisa ipayipi eliyinhloko nge-Ribbon, kusetshenziswa izintambo. Ukugcwala kwabo kwenziwa ngosizo lwama-clamps. Ngemuva kwe-tee, kufakwa i-crane. Idlula uma izitshalo zingadingeki umswakama owedlulele.
Umhlangano wohlelo lonke kungenzeka ngezandla zabo. Kodwa-ke, kukhona amasethi abuthene anganikezwa ngokushesha ekotishi.
Izinhlobo zohlelo
Uma sifaka ithangi ngamanzi ngokuphakama okwanele, endaweni engu-1.5 m, khona-ke isidingo sempompo siyanyamalala. Amanzi azogeleza agule. Ithangi ligcwele nganoma iyiphi indlela. Kungaba okuphakelayo ohlelweni oluphakathi, ukugcwaliswa kwencwajana noma kwemvula yemvula. Phansi yi-crane exhumeka emgaqweni omkhulu ophakathi.
I-Drip System uqobo
Uma udinga ukwenza umanyolo, i-node ixhumeke emgaqweni omkhulu ophakathi. Lesi siqukathi esifanayo esinesixazululo se-liquid. I-valve ye-hose ne-shut-off ifakwe ngezansi.
Ukunisela ngezihlahlana nezitshalo zemifino kwenziwa abaphuli abahlukile. Itheyipu ehlukile ivezwa esihlahleni esikhulu, esitholakala endalini ezungeze isiqu.
Ukuthuthukisa ingcindezi ngemuva kwethangi, kufakwa ipompo. Kulokhu, ingcindezi enhle izoba ngabashisi abakude kakhulu.
Uma ukondla amanzi ngqo kusuka kumthombo, udlula ethangini, uketshezi ngeke lube nesikhathi sokufudumala. Kuzothinta ukukhula kwamasiko.
Uhlelo lokudonsa ngephampu kanye nomanyolo
Ukubalwa kwesistimu
Ivolumu ye-barrel ibalwa, kuya ngenani lezitshalo zezitshalo.Okujwayelekile kuvezwa etafuleni.
| Usiko | Izinga lamanzi osuku kumalitha |
|---|---|
| Isiko lemifino | okukodwa |
| Ihlathi | isihlanu |
| Ihlashana | Okuthenyalwayo |
Ukunquma ivolumu ye-barrel, inani lamasiko lifingqiwe. Inani liphindaphindwa ngamanani okugeleza kwansuku zonke bese wengeza ama-25% wesitoko. Ubude bepayipi eliyinhloko bunqunywa ngokulinganisa ibanga ukusuka ethangini ngaphambi kokufika. Amateyipu abunjiwe, ahambelana nokushoda kombhede. Ngokuya ngenani lamagatsha, inani elifanayo lidinga amathayela, futhi ama-clamps aphindwe kathathu.
Lapho amanzi enikezwa kusuka ku-reservoir, kufakwa izihlungi ezi-2: ukuhlanza okuhle nokuhle. Uma uketshezi luvela emthonjeni noma ohlelweni oluphakathi, khona-ke ukuhlanza kwama-coarse akudingeki.
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Izinhlelo ezenziwe ekhaya
Enhlanganweni yokunisela kwesayithi ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu, ungasebenzisa izinto ezingemuva kweziqu.
Lokhu kungasetshenziswa izinto, ama-hoses ama-diameter ahlukene noma amabhodlela epulasitiki.
Ukuchelela i-Drip ngezandla zakho kungenziwa:
- Kusuka kuma-hoses ama-diameter ahlukene.
- Abashisekeli.
- Amabhodlela epulasitiki.
Kusuka kububanzi obuhlukile be-hoses
I-shogg enkulu yenziwa ethangini. Ulethwa endaweni yokufika. Ngalo, ngomgodi obiziweyo, ama-hoses we-deammer encane afakiwe, lapho umgodi wenziwe ngaphambili. Ngazo, amanzi eza ngawodwana esitshalweni ngasinye. Kulokhu, i-dropper ingekho. Uketshezi lugeleza ngomoya ophansi.
Ukumba ngomgodi lapho kuzofakwa khona i-hose elincane
Kusuka ku-Droppers
Uma kukhona ithuba lokuthenga abakhi be-DOPTERS, khona-ke ukwakheka kushibhile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, umgodi wenziwa eshubhu enkabeni lapho kufakwa khona i-dropper. Ukusuka kusola ishubhu esitshalweni. Kungenzeka ukulungisa ukuchelela ukubalwa okunjalo ukuze amanzi ageleze indiza noma aphoqelelwe ngamaconsi.
Donsela ukuthambisa nge-dropper
Kusuka emabhodleleni epulasitiki
Lona umbono oshibhile kakhulu wokunisela nge-drip. Kulokhu, kuthathwa ibhodlela lepulasitiki futhi phansi kunqunywe kulo. Ekude no-7 mm kusuka entanyeni, kufakwa umgodi omncane bese kufakwa ishubhu elincanyana.
Ibhodlela liboshelwe kwisikhonkwane ngaphezulu kwesitshalo namanzi kuthululelwa ngaphezulu. Kancane kancane, uketshezi lugeleza ngeshubhu. Ungahle esikhundleni sokuthula engadini edonsa ucingo bese ubopha amabhodlela ambalwa kuwo. Into esemqoka ukuthi balenga phezu kwengxenye yesitshalo.
Enye inketho ukuklebhula ibhodlela eduze kwesitshalo ngentamo. Ishubhu liqondiswe ngaphansi kwempande yesitshalo.
Kwesinye isikhathi ishubhu alikwazi ukufaka, amanzi azogeleza emgodini. Uma ubeka ibhodlela phansi phansi, khona-ke amanzi kufanele athululelwe ngesembozo, futhi ezansi ukwenza umgodi.
Ukudonsa ukuchelela kusuka emabhodleleni epulasitiki
Ukuze ulondoloze ukufakwa kokunisela kwe-Dription endaweni yezwe, udinga ukulungisa zonke izinto ezidingekayo. Umhlangano ungabanjwa ngezandla zakho. Ukusebenza ngaphandle kwezindleko ezikhethekile, kufanele usebenzise izinto ezisetshenzisiwe. Ukusebenza kahle kohlelo kuzoba okufanayo, kanye nokunamathiselwe okuncane.